壳聚糖改性竹炭对铜吸附性能研究

为了提高竹炭去除废水中重金属离子能力,采用交联法设计合成新型的磁性壳聚糖改性竹炭复合吸附剂,并采用傅里叶红外光谱对改性竹炭复合吸附剂进行表征,同时开展不同Cu2+初始浓度、吸附剂投加量、吸附时间、pH和温度等因素对Cu2+吸附去除率的影响。结果表明,吸附效率与Cu2+初始浓度和吸附剂投加量成正效应;吸附平衡时间约8 h;在作用温度范围内,吸附效率随温度升高而上升;pH为7时吸附效果最好。振荡条件吸附效果优于静置处理。该结果为废水重金属深度处理及水环境保护提供依据。     

阔叶百里香鲜、干茎叶精油成分及其抑菌效果

采用水蒸气蒸馏法和气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析阔叶百里香(Thymus pulegioides)鲜、干茎叶精油含油率、化学组成及其相对含量的差异,并比较精油对链格孢(Alternaria alternata)、粉红单端孢(Trichothecium roseum)和意大利青霉(Penicillium italicum)的抑制效果。鲜、干茎叶含精油率分别为0.53%、0.37%,分别鉴定出35、40种化合物,其主要化学成分相同,均含有百里香酚(鲜样31.30%,干样26.82%)、麝香草酚甲醚、右旋龙脑和邻伞花烃等,只是相对含量略有差异;在抑菌实验中,百里香精油对链格孢菌的抑制作用最为明显,其次是意大利青霉和粉红单端孢。鲜、干阔叶百里香精油的组分较为接近,相对含量略有差异;阔叶百里香精油对3种真菌具有较好的抑制效果,且鲜样精油的抑菌效果好于干样精油。     

苦丁茶中绿原酸及其异构体的提取变化分析

以富含绿原酸类成分的苦丁茶(Ilex kaushue)为材料,使用溶剂甲醇、乙醇、丙酮和水,结合超声波提取、水浴提取、回流提取等方法对绿原酸及其异构体的提取效率及提取后各异构体的变化进行分析。应用超高效液相色谱法可使苦丁茶的6种绿原酸类成分及咖啡酸在6 min内实现分离。提取结果表明,丙酮作为提取溶剂,在采用超声波和水浴提取时能获得较高的提取效率,易获得较多总量的绿原酸类成分和高含量异绿原酸A。而最常用的溶剂乙醇并未达到理想的提取效果。在不同溶剂的回流提取中,虽然提取的绿原酸类成分总量接近,但异绿原酸A和异绿原酸C含量有较大差异。醇溶液特别是乙醇溶液的回流提取使异绿原酸C的量大幅增加,而相应的异绿原酸A的量大幅减少,表明在醇加热条件下,异绿原酸A转化为异绿原酸C,这为获得抗氧化性更强的异绿原酸C提供了新思路。     

福建省被子植物新记录属种

报道福建省被子植物新记录1属--球子草属(Peliosanthes Andr.)和新记录2种,即百合科(Liliaceae)大盖球子草(Peliosanthes macrostegia Hance)和花柱草科(Stylidiaceae)花柱草(Stylidium uliginosum Swartz),凭证标本保存于福建农林大学标本馆(FJFC)。     

Amplification of RAD54B promotes progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling

Liver cancer was reported to be the sixth most frequently diagnosed cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 75%-85% of primary liver cancer. Nevertheless, the concrete molecular mechanisms of HCC progression remain obscure, which is essential to elucidate. The expression profile of RAD54B in HCC was measured using qPCR and western blotting. Moreover, the levels of RAD54B in paraffin-embedded samples were evaluated using immunohistochemistry (IHC). The effect of RAD54B on HCC progression was testified by in vitro experiments, and in vivo orthotopic xenograft tumor experiments. The mechanisms of RAD54B promoting HCC progression were investigated through molecular and function experiments. Herein, RAD54B are dramatically upregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines both on mRNA and protein levels, and RAD54B can servers as an independent prognostic parameter of 5-year overall survival and 5-year disease-free survival for patients with HCC. Moreover, up-regulation of RAD54B dramatically increases the capacity for in vitro cell viability and motility, and in vivo intrahepatic metastasis of HCC cells. Mechanistically, RAD54B promotes the HCC progression through modulating the wnt/β-catenin signaling. Notably, blocking the wnt/β-catenin signaling axis can counteract the activating effects of RAD54B on motility of HCC cells. Besides, further analysis illustrates that DNA amplification is one of the mechanisms leading to mRNA overexpression of RAD54B in HCC. Our findings indicate that RAD54B might be a promising potential prognostic marker and a candidate therapeutic target to therapy HCC.     

Y-SNPs Haplotype Diversity in Four Chinese Cattle Breeds

To investigate the genetic diversity of Chinese cattle, 96 male samples of 4 Chinese native cattle breeds were investigated using 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms specific to the bovine Y chromosome. Two previously described haplotypes (taurine Y2 and indicine Y3) were detected in 74 and 22 animals, respectively. The haplotype frequencies varied amongst the four native breeds. The taurine Y2 haplotype dominated in the Qinchuan, Dabieshan, and Yunba breeds. However, the indicine Y3 haplotype occurred in high frequency in the Enshi breed. Among the four native breeds, Yunba had the highest haplotype diversity (0.4330 ± 0.0750), followed by Qinchuan (0.2899 ± 0.1028) and Enshi (0.2222 ± 0.1662), Dabieshan was the least differentiated (0.1079 ± 0.0680). Compared with some foreign cattle breeds, the low level of haplotype diversity was detected in our breeds (0.2633 ± 0.1030).     

靶向白介素-1α基因沉默的Hela229稳定细胞系的构建

目的：构建针对IL-1α基因的shRNA表达载体,筛选能够抑制Hela229细胞内源性IL-1α表达的shRNA,建立无内源性IL-1d表达的Hela229稳定细胞系.方法：根据shRNA的设计原则,以IL-1 αcDNA oligo为模板设计一段21 bp核苷酸目标序列,构建成siRNA的DNA模板并克隆到shRNA表达载体pRNAT-U6.1/Neo中,获得靶向抑制IL-1α基因的重组shRNA质粒,转染Hela229细胞,经G418筛选后获得单克隆稳定细胞株,用ELISA方法在蛋白水平上检测IL-1α基因的沉默效果.结果：经酶切鉴定和测序分析确定IL-1 α-shRNA重组质粒构建正确,ELISA筛选出能够显著抑制内源性IL-1α表达的shRNA,获得沉默内源性IL-1 α表达的单克隆稳定的Hela229细胞株.结论：靶向IL-1α基因的重组shRNA表达质粒可显著抑制Hela229细胞内源性IL-1α的表达,成功构建靶向IL-1α基因沉默的Hela229稳定细胞系.     

紫露草花粉母细胞减数分裂的研究

以鸭跖草科植物紫露草(Tradescantia paludosa)为材料,采用花粉母细胞压制法和改良苯酚品红染色法,将临时制片和永久制片方法同步化,并在油镜下拍摄了紫露草花粉母细胞减数分裂各时期的照片。实验结果应用于医学细胞生物学和遗传学的实验教学,收到了较好的教学效果。     

Three New Loxophyllum Species (Ciliophora: Pleurostomatida) from China with a Brief Review of the Marine and Brackish Loxophyllum Species

Recent studies indicate that there is a high diversity of pleurostomatid ciliates in the coastal waters of China. Here, three new congeners of Loxophyllum, L. caudatum sp. n., L. rugosum sp. n., and L. chinense sp. n., are described following observations of live cells and protargol‐impregnated specimens. All three species usually have two macronuclear nodules and prominent warts along the dorsal margin formed by clustered extrusomes. In addition, L. caudatum sp. n. is characterized by its long conspicuous tail, dot‐like cortical granules, 4 or 5 left and 9 or 10 right kineties, and a single subterminal contractile vacuole. Loxophyllum rugosum sp. n. is distinguished by possessing three prominent ridges on the left side, 7–11 right and 5–7 left kineties. Loxophyllum chinense sp. n. is characterized by having several contractile vacuoles distributed along the ventral margin, 13–18 right and 6–8 left kineties. The small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) sequence similarities among six congeners range from 96.46% to 99.94%. Phylogenetic trees based on the SSU rDNA sequences indicate that all Loxophyllum spp. form a well‐supported monophyletic group. A brief review of the marine and brackish Loxophyllum species is supplied and one new combination, Litonotus multiplicatus (Kahl 1931) comb. n. (basionym Loxophyllum multiplicatum Kahl 1931), and one new name, Litonotus dragescoi nom. n. (basionym L. fasciolatus Dragesco 1966), are suggested.     

Absolute Quantification of E1, Ubiquitin-Like Proteins and Nedd8–MLN4924 Adduct by Mass Spectrometry

Ubiquitin (Ub) and ubiquitin-like (Ubl) proteins regulate a variety of important cellular processes by forming covalent conjugates with target proteins or lipids. Ubl conjugation is catalyzed by a cascade of proteins including activating enzymes (E1), conjugating enzymes (E2), and in many cases ligation enzymes (E3). The discovery of MLN4924 (Brownell et al., Mol Cell 37: 102–111, 1), an investigational small molecule that is a mechanism-based inhibitor of NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE), reveals a promising strategy of targeting E1/Ubl pathway for therapeutic purposes. In order to better understand, the biochemical dynamics of Ubl conjugation in cells and tissues, we have developed a mass spectrometry-based method to quantify E1 and Ubls using isotope-labeled proteins as internal standards. Furthermore, we have used the described method to quantify levels of the covalent Nedd8-inhibitor adduct formed in MLN4924 treated cells and tissues. The Nedd8–MLN4924 adduct is a tight-binding inhibitor of NAE, and its cellular concentration represents an indirect pharmacodynamic readout of NAE/Nedd8 pathway inhibition.