南京市正常人群NQO1、CYP1A1、mEH基因的多态性研究

应用PCR技术,对南京市正常人群中NQO1、CYP1A1、Meh-外显子3、Meh－外显子4基因型多态性进行了研究。88例样本中,相关基因野生型纯合子（wt/wt ）、杂合子（wt/vt）、突变型纯合子（vt/vt）三种基因型的频率分布及基因频率分别是：NQO1 29.5%（0.304）,51.1%(0.495)和19.3%(0.202);CYP1A1 35.2%(0.329)、44.3%(0.489)和20.5%(0.181);Meh－外显子3为26.1%(0.297),56.8 %(0.496),17.0%(0.207);Meh－外显子4为83.0% (0.826),15.9%(0.165),1.1%(0.00 8)。以上结果与国外的有关报道存在一定差异,在不同地区中国人群的频率分布特征基本一致,种族差异可能是造成有关基因型分布差异的重要原因。     

苏铁的危险性害虫——曲纹紫灰蝶

曲纹紫灰蝶[Chilades pandava (Horsfield)]是苏铁的危险性害虫。幼虫为害新芽嫩叶。一年中以夏、秋叶受害最烈。     

钙、硼对花生生长、产量和品质的影响

在土壤代换性钙和有效硼含量分别为0.84me/100g和0.163mg/kg的条件下,研究了施钙、施硼及钙、硼配施对花生生长、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,施用钙肥能提高花生的产量和品质;施用硼肥能改善品质,但在产量上却产生负效应;钙、硼配施也能提高产量,但主效应仍然是钙。施用钙硼肥料不但使花生成熟期植株中钙、硼含量提高,而且种植花生后土壤中的钙、硼残留量也明显增加。     

PEG-mediated Transformation of Lentinus edodes

Expression vector p301-bG1 contains a gus gene and a bialaphos resistance gene both driven by glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) gene promoter isolated from Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing. Using p301-bG1, PEG-mediated transformation of protoplast of L. edodes was studied. Mixed with PEG-purified plasmid DNA, the protoplasts of L. edodes were treated with PEG solution and cultured on CYM regeneration plate containing 40 μg/mL bialaphos. Bialaphos-resistant and GUS-positive transformants were obtained using this transformation system. Although the transformation efficiency was relatively low, the protocols release large expenses on expensive instrument and restriction enzymes, providing a simple and economical method for mushroom breeding at the molecular level.     

家蚕母性基因的表达序列标签分析

为了研究家蚕Bombyx mori卵中储存的母性遗传信息,以未受精的肾脏型和正常型蚕卵为材料构建了cDNA文库,并对其随机测序,共获得391条表达序列标签(EST)序列,经拼接后得到374条非重复序列。生物信息学分析发现,172个非重复序列与国际数据库GenBank和silkbase中的已知基因具有较高的相似性。除3个已知母性基因外,其余主要与DNA复制、能量代谢、信号转导、转录、蛋白质结构以及胚胎发育中个体形成等相关。该结果可为进一步研究家蚕胚胎早期发育的调控提供基础数据。     

上海郊区人群的体质特征和遗传关系

本项研究收集了上海郊区的 13个具有明显方言差异的人群的各类人类遗传学数据 5 3项进行聚类分析 ,发现黄浦江以东的人群相对较纯 ,而黄浦江以西的则较混杂 ,两组群体都分别可以聚成较远的 3类。由此认为上海郊区的人群大致有 3种起源 ,上海奉贤区金汇镇和闵行区马桥镇为代表的居民与南方土著民族较近 ,崇明县、嘉定区、浦东新区和南汇区的居民与北方民族较近 ,而奉贤区的头桥镇、金山区、青浦区的朱家角和商榻、松江区天马山等地的居民又是另一类。这与历史记载他们的不同来源有关。     

Relationship Between PSⅡExcitation Pressure and Content of Super High-Yielding Hybrid Rice

The changes in photochemical features of PhotosystemⅡ(PSⅡ) and contents of Rubisco large subunit (RLS) and small subunit (RSS) in flag leaf from 75DAS to 113DAS (from filling to harvesting stages) were investigated in two hybrid rices (Oryza sativa L.) cv. Liangyoupeijiu and cv. Shanyou 63 grown in the field. Liangyoupeijiu is a super high-yielding rice and Shanyou 63 has widely been planted in China in these years. The results indicate that soluble protein and chlorophyll in both cultivars degraded slowly at first and dramatically thereafter. The degradation speed of soluble protein in Shanyou 63 was faster than that in Liangyoupeijiu. Both Fv/Fm and qP decreased in parallel with leaf senescence, whereas qN fell at first and then rose. No significant change in excitation pressure (1-qP ) was found before 89DAS but a sharply increase in both cultivars after it occurred. Excitation pressure rose more rapidly in Shanyou 63 than that in Liangyoupeijiu. The changes of RLS and RSS content exhibited the same trend as that of soluble protein content. A better linear correlation between RLS, RSS degradation and elevation of (1-qP ) were shown in both cultivars. We suggest that the increase in PSⅡ excitation pressure possibly induced the quick senescence process in rice flag leaf. The high-yielding of Liangyoupeijiu may be due to its maintenance of stronger photosynthetic capacity, longer and more stable photosynthetic functional du-ration than that of Shanyou 63.     

New Triterpenic Glucoside from Beesia calthaefolia  (Maxim.) Ulbr. Native to China

Five compounds (1-5) were isolated from the rhizome of Beesia calthaefolia (Maxim.) Ulbr. Based on chemical and spectral evidence, their structures were determined as beesic acid (9-phenyl-2E, 4E, 6E, 8E-nontetraenoic acid, 1), vanillic acid (2), oleanolic acid-3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-α-L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (3), hederasaponin B (oleanolicacid-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester, 4) and beesioside Q (oleanolic acid-3-O-β-D -glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester, 5), respectively. Compound 1 was isolated from natural sources for the first time and compound 5 was a new compound.     

壳聚糖-PVA水稻种衣剂在育秧上的应用研究

本文研究壳聚糖-PVA复合型水稻种衣剂对种子发芽率、成苗率、秧苗素质的影响以及对苗期病虫害的防治效果。结果表明,种衣剂对种子的发芽无不良影响,可提高秧苗素质,有效防止苗期病虫害发生。     

鱼类垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活多肽的研究进展

垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活多肽 (Pituitary adenylate cyclasea ctivating polypeptide, PACAP)是 1989年首次在绵羊下丘脑发现的具有广泛生物活性的多肽,是促胰液素 /胰高血糖素家族新成员1。