龙脑型阴香截顶采收技术研究

以2年生龙脑型阴香Cinnamomum burmannii chvar. Borneol幼林为研究对象,开展截顶采收技术试验,试验设置4个截顶高度,每个截顶高度内又采用3种下部枝条处理模式。通过对2个年度3次调查数据进行分析,结果表明树高、地径、冠幅和可蒸生物量4个性状不同区组间本底差异不大,处理后4个性状不同处理间差异显著加大,且均达极显著水平;多重比较也从本底的2个DUNNCAN分组提升至3～4个分组,且可以看出随着截干高度的提升,4个性状指标逐渐提升;在留枝方面,保留枝条越少,4个性状指标数值越小。因此,采收以120 cm高度截顶后保留下部枝条(H4-T1组合)为最佳处理。     

基于基因与抗菌活性筛选的菌株FIM060022多相鉴定

利用PKS-NRPS基因筛选与抗菌活性测定,选取筛选结果为阳性以及广谱抗菌的FIM060022菌株进行多相分类鉴定。结果显示,该菌株对大肠埃希菌(E. coli)、金黄色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)、枯草芽胞杆菌等细菌(B. subtilis),以及白色念珠菌(C. albicans)、红酵母(R. rula)与新型隐球菌(C. neoformans)等真菌具有抗菌活性。通过对菌株的培养特征、形态观察、生化特性、细胞壁组成分析、脂肪酸组成分析、G+C mol%含量组成,结合16S r DNA序列以及PKS/NRPS基因序列分析,将菌株FIM060022鉴定为小单胞菌科疣孢菌属。结果提示FIM060022是一株具有广谱抗菌活性的海洋稀有放线菌,具有产药用化合物的潜能。     

Isolation of microsatellite markers from Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. using a dual PCR technique

We developed seven microsatellite loci from Pinus densiflora using a dual polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Of 186 clones from a library based on suppression PCR, 127 contained microsatellite sequences. Of these, 43 candidates were determined sequences of both flanking regions, and 16 regions from this group were chosen as development markers. Seven of these primer pairs successfully amplified polymorphic single loci among 83 resistant trees against pine wood nematode. The observed heterozygosity of the seven microsatellite markers ranged from 0.247 to 0.843. Mendelian inheritance was confirmed using megagametophytes.     

Research of blastocyte-like structure in chicken

The chicken embryo is a classic model used to investigate embryonic development, gene expression, and tissue differentiation, and is also an important research tool in studying the animal functional genomics. The whole blastoderms of fresh unincubated eggs from White Leghorn chickens were collected with a paper ring, mechanically broken into small pieces and cultured in medium. Then the small pieces would develop into blastocyte-like structures (BLS), which could be facilitated by an addition of fetal bovine serum (FBS) to the primary culture and their diameter was nearly doubled from 12 to 24 h. The additional yolk had no positive effect on the development in the first 12 h but encouraged the BLSs attaching and inner cells differentiating instead in 24 h. The inner cells of the BLS showing a high alkaline-phosphatase activity similar to those in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells and also expressing a large amount of the specific stage embryonic antigen-1 (SSEA-1) on the surface, which was known to be the characteristic of non-differentiated mouse and avian ES cells, could finally differentiate into nerve-like cells, fibroblast cells and so on in the medium. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) facilitated the cells' proliferation and prevented differentiation in the suspended culture of the BLSs. So we drew the conclusion that the BLS obtained from broken blastoderm can be used to amplify avian ES cells so as to initiate a new method of producing transgenic chickens.     

甘肃草本植物区系的一条分界线

对甘肃产5科161属531种草本植物（不包括栽培属种）进行了鉴定和登记,且对它们进行了统计分析和区系地理研究,从种数与纬度的关系图中得出,北纬36°05′一线为甘肃草本植物区系中的一条可能的分界线。     

四川蝗虫二新种(直翅目:蝗总科)

1985年5—10月作者等在四川省卧龙自然保护区和马边县大风顶自然保护区进行竹类害虫调查,采得危害竹林的卵翅蝗属Caryanda St(?)l,1878一新种;并在整理四川省永川森林病虫防治试验站蝗虫标本时,又发现该属一新种,现记述如下。模式标本保存于缺西师范大学生物系蝗虫研究室。     

秦巴山区蝗虫群落多样性研究

作者于1995～1997年对秦巴山区蝗虫资源进行了调查。采用Shannon-Wiener提出的多样性指数(H')公式、Pielou提出的均匀度(E)公式及Simpson提出的优势度(C)公式,计算群落的多样性、均匀度和优势度。结果表明,不同地区、不同生境、不同海拔高度及不同月份,秦巴山区蝗虫群落的物种数目、多样性指数值、均匀度及优势度指数值均有明显差异。这主要与蝗虫的生物学特性直接有关,另外也受到环境因素的影响。     

中国安徽巢湖瓜德鲁普世二叠异蝎蛉科新类群的发现(昆虫纲,长翅目)

二叠异蝎蛉科是二叠纪长翅目的代表性类群, 也是长翅目的基干类群。二叠纪是长翅目昆虫的繁盛期, 但中国该时期长翅目昆虫化石记录非常稀少, 目前仅报道了1种。本文根据发现于中国安徽省巢湖市瓜德鲁普统银屏组的一枚标本, 建立了1新属1新种––––廖氏巢湖异蝎蛉(Chaohuchorista liaoi gen. et sp. nov.)。该新属的鉴定特征为翅细长, Rs₁和Rs₂合并为1条脉, Rs₄具2分支, M具5分支, M₂具2分支。该新发现增加了中国二叠纪长翅目的多样性。