Effect of matrix metalloproteinase promoter polymorphisms on endometriosis and adenomyosis risk: evidence from a meta-analysis

Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) promoter polymorphisms are considered to play roles in the aetiology of endometriosis and adenomyosis, however, the evidence available are inconsistent. We aimed to systematically review the asscociation between MMP-1 -1607 1G/2G MMP-2 -735 C/T, MMP-3 -1171 5A/6A and MMP-9 -1562 C/T polymorphisms and the risk of endometriosis and adenomyosis. A systemic search was conducted in Ovid, PubMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and Chinese Wanfang Database. We used the pooled odds ratio (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) to calculate the statistical power. Besides, we evaluated the quality of individual studies based on Newcastle–Ottawa scale. A total of 13 papers with 18 studies conformed to our inclusion criteria. We observed a significant association between MMP-1 -1607 1G/2G polymorphism and the susceptibility of endometriosis and adenomyosis under recessive model (OR = 1.25, 95%CI = 1.03–1.53, P= 0.03). While no significant association was found in MMP-2 -735 C/T, MMP-3 -1171 5A/6A and MMP-9 -1562 C/T polymorphisms. This systemic review and meta-analysis suggested that theMMP-1 -1607 1G/2G polymorphism might play an important role in the risk of endometriosis and adenomyosis. Further, more well-designed and large-scale studies regarding gene–gene and gene–environment interactions are needed in the future.     

转双价抗虫基因大白菜新种质的获得及其抗虫性分析

采用超声波辅助花粉介导方法,将双价抗虫基因BmkIT-Chitinase导入早熟型大白菜自交系20-19-3,最终获得了5个转基因大白菜优良自交系纯合株系Z1-5、Z2-7、Z9-6、Z11-6和Z20-13;以转基因大白菜株系和非转基因对照植株为材料,对BmkIT-Chitinase基因在大白菜中的遗传规律、基因表达及抗虫性进行进一步分析。结果显示:(1)转化株后代多代(T_1~T_4)PCR、Southern blotting等分子跟踪检测表明,目的基因已成功导入受体植株,且能够稳定遗传;用该转基因方法对大白菜进行基因转化所获得的转基因植株分析显示,外源基因多数以多拷贝形式整合于核基因组,少部分外源基因以单拷贝形式整合。(2)Elisa分析结果证明,所导入的外源基因可高效表达,T4代株系新鲜叶片中表达产物量最高达到0.069μg·g~(-1)左右。(3)转基因株系田间抗虫性统计分析表明,转化株系与对照在抗虫性方面有显著差异,其对小菜蛾及菜青虫抗性普遍提高2~3级。研究认为,转BmkIT-Chitinase基因大白菜中BmkIT-Chitinase基因的表达可有效提高大白菜的抗虫性。     

黄柳与小红柳导管分子形态特征及其生态适应性比较研究

黄柳和小红柳为浑善达克沙地2种重要的水土保持灌木,黄柳适宜在流动或半流动沙丘上生长,而小红柳适宜在丘间低地生长,二者既可混生,也可形成纯林,存在规律性分布。该研究采用组织离析法和显微照相技术,对黄柳和小红柳的根、茎部导管分子形态特征进行比较研究,探讨导管分子形态特征与其生态适应性的关系,为黄柳和小红柳次生木质部解剖学研究提供资料。结果显示:(1)黄柳和小红柳导管分子均以网纹和两端具尾、一端具尾类型为主,具单穿孔板、互列纹孔。(2)黄柳与小红柳的根部导管分子长度、直径、端壁斜度差异显著,且黄柳较小红柳的直径大、端壁斜度小,为进化特征,而长度较长,为原始特征;但茎部导管分子长度、直径、端壁斜度无显著差异。(3)黄柳与小红柳的导管分子的形态特征与生境间存在一定的相关性,黄柳根部导管具有高输水性而较小红柳适应干旱环境。该研究为黄柳和小红柳造林提供理论指导,并为植物生态适应性的相关研究提供参考。     

北江间（鱼骨）的年龄与生长特征

于2007年4月至2009年3月间,在广东北江中上游地区采集间(鱼骨)(Hemibarbus medius)样本640尾,以鳞片作为年龄鉴定材料,对其种群的年龄与生长特征进行了研究.结果表明,间(鱼骨)鳞片上年轮结构清晰,前区主要表现为疏密型,而侧区主要为切割型;鳞片的边缘生长率表明,间(鱼骨)年轮的形成期主要为3～4月份.样本由0+～6+龄7个龄组组成,其中,雌性由1+～6+龄6个龄组组成,主要为1+～4+龄;而雄性由1+～5+龄5个龄组组成,主要为1+～3+龄;在4+ ～6+龄个体中,雌性78尾,雄性27尾,雌性显著多于雄性.体长(L,cm)与体重(W,g)的关系为W=0.011L3.149(♀)、W=0.011L3.135(♂),协方差分析表明,雌雄个体体长与体重关系的差异不显著,所有样本体长与体重的关系式为W=0.011L3.148.体长与鳞长(R,mm)呈幂函数及直线关系,关系式分别为L=6.387R0.853、L=4.569R+ 2.587.拟合的von Bertalanffy生长参数为L∞=29.855 0 cm,k=0.223 1,W∞=483.889 8 g,t0=-0.928 2龄.对理论体长与实测体长、理论体重与实测体重进行x2检验,两者的差异均不显著,表明von Bertalanffy生长方程能较好地拟合间(鱼骨)的生长.体重生长的拐点年龄为4.21龄,拐点体长约为20.37 cm,体重约为166.19 g.作为渔业保护对策,建议起捕年龄3龄以上或体长17 cm以上的个体.     

趋化信号转导基因cheA突变对Pseudomonas putida DLL-1甲基对硫磷的趋化性及原位降解的影响

Pseudomonas putida DLL-1是一株甲基对硫磷(MP)高效降解菌株,同时对MP具有趋化性。cheA基因是菌株趋化信号转导过程中负责编码组氨酸激酶的基因,为了研究菌株趋化性在农药原位降解中的作用,通过基因打靶的方式使P.putida DLL-1染色体上单拷贝的cheA基因失活,成功地获得了MP的趋化突变株P.putida DAK,突变株与野生菌株生长能力没有显著差异。通过土壤盆钵试验(MP浓度为50mg/kg),发现在灭菌与未灭菌土壤中趋化突变株对MP的降解能力低于原始出发菌株DLL-1约20%~30%,说明菌株DLL-1趋化性的丧失会减慢其对农药的降解,趋化性在农药的原位降解过程中发挥重要作用。     

中国麦穗鱼属一新种(鲤形目,鲤科)

作者于2001年在广东省潮州市凤凰山天池采到鲤科鱼类8尾,经鉴定为1新种,定名为断线麦穗鱼Pseudorasbora interrupta sp.nov..新种口上位、无口须,归入麦穗鱼属.新种与同属的麦穗鱼Pseudorasbora parva(Temminck et Schlegel)相似,但有如下鉴别特征:侧线不完全,侧线鳞仅7～15枚;体较低,不及头长;上颌骨侧突和下颌骨冠状突较不发达.     

阴山山脉中段九峰山地区早春植物初探

座落于阴山山脉、大青山山段的九峰山地区,由于其特殊的地理位置,林区野生植物资源丰富,种类繁多,早春植物作为落叶阔叶林下的一个特殊层片具有一定的指示意义。研究早春植物,可为确定落叶阔叶林的分布、特征、经营利用技术提供依据。文章对九峰山地区早春植物进行了调查研究,查清了该地区的早春植物种类,初步掌握了早春植物的生物特性、生态类型及其生物学意义。     

世界热带森林生态系统大样地定位研究进展

热带森林是世界上生物多样性最为丰富的生态系统,但人们对此却知之甚少.为了更好地了解和合理利用热带森林,美国的史密斯桑尼亚热带研究所成立了热带森林研究中心,中心联合世界各国科学家和科研机构,通过建立热带森林动态监测的大样地网络来从事热带森林的科学研究.从该中心于1980年在巴拿马Barro ColoradoIsland(BCI)建立第一个50 hm2的大样地以来,现加入该中心的森林大样地有3个洲的18个样地,共监测了全球已知热带树种的10%的物种,约6 000个物种的300万植株.2004年在中国云南的西双版纳开始筹建我国第一个热带森林大样地的定位研究站.本文从全球范围内热带森林生态系统定位研究的大样地建立的意义出发,论述了热带森林大样地的研究方法及研究进展以及我国热带森林大样地的建立和研究进展.     

Interactions between RAMP2 and CRF receptors: The effect of receptor subtypes,splice variants and cell context

Corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) acts via two family B G-protein-coupled receptors, CRFR1 and CRFR2. Additional subtypes exist due to alternative splicing. CRFR1α is the most widely expressed subtype and lacks a 29-residue insert in the first intracellular loop that is present in CRFR1β. It has been shown previously that co-expression of CRFR1β with receptor activity modifying protein 2 (RAMP2) in HEK 293S cells increased the cell-surface expression of both proteins suggesting a physical interaction as seen with RAMPs and calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR). This study investigated the ability of CRFR1α, CRFR1β and CRFR2β to promote cell-surface expression of FLAG-tagged RAMP2. Four different cell-lines were utilised to investigate the effect of varying cellular context; COS-7, HEK 293T, HEK 293S and [ΔCTR]HEK 293 (which lacks endogenous calcitonin receptor). In all cell-lines, CRFR1α and CRFR1β enhanced RAMP2 cell-surface expression. The magnitude of the effect on RAMP2 was dependent on the cell-line ([ΔCTR]HEK 293 > COS-7 > HEK 293T > HEK 293S). RT-PCR indicated this variation may relate to differences in endogenous RAMP expression between cell types. Furthermore, pre-treatment with CRF resulted in a loss of cell-surface FLAG-RAMP2 when it was co-expressed with CRFR1 subtypes. CRFR2β co-expression had no effect on RAMP2 in any cell-line. Molecular modelling suggests that the potential contact interface between the extracellular domains of RAMP2 and CRF receptor subtypes is smaller than that of RAMP2 and CRL, the canonical receptor:RAMP pairing, assuming a physical interaction. Furthermore, a specific residue difference between CRFR1 subtypes (glutamate) and CRFR2β (histidine) in this interface region may impair CRFR2β:RAMP2 interaction by electrostatic repulsion.