巢蛋白基因沉默通过激活细胞周期依赖性激酶（cdk5）促进大鼠神经胶质瘤细胞C6的迁移和增殖

中间纤维蛋白巢蛋白(nestin)在各种胚胎前体细胞及成熟组织中均有表达.近年一些研究显示,巢蛋白的表达上调和一些恶性肿瘤的病理特征有相关性.但是,巢蛋白在干细胞分化及肿瘤发生中的作用还不为人知.在本研究中,我们运用短发卡状的RNA为工具,以大鼠神经胶质瘤细胞系C6为模型,对巢蛋白的功能进行了研究.划痕实验和迁移实验的结果均显示,巢蛋白基因沉默可以促进C6细胞的迁移.同时,BrdU渗入实验显示,此过程伴随着细胞增殖的增加.进一步研究显示,细胞周期依赖性激酶cdk5的活性在此过程中有显著的增加.此外,巢蛋白基因沉默所引起的迁移改变可以被cdk5特异性抑制剂roscovitine所回复, 而对细胞增殖则没有显著影响.综上所述,本研究揭示了巢蛋白基因沉默与神经胶质瘤细胞的迁移和增殖相关,而cdk5是此过程的重要调节因子.     

ILK和VEGF165b在人肾癌组织中的表达及意义

探讨整合素连接激酶(ILK)和血管内皮生长因子165b(VEGF165b)在人肾癌组织中的表达及临床意义.利用免疫组织化学S-P法检测35例肾癌组织和25例正常肾组织中ILK和VEGF165b蛋白的表达,并与肾癌临床分期进行比较.35例肾癌组织中,ILK表达率为82.9%(29/35),VEGF165b表达率为17.1%(6/35);而25例正常肾组织中ILK表达率为28.0%(7/25),VEGF165b表达率为96.0%(24/25).肾癌中ILK的表达与VEGF165b的表达呈负相关(P<0.01);ILK与VEGF165b的表达均与肾癌的临床分期有关.ILK在肾癌组织中异常活性表达,VEGF165b在肾癌组织的表达明显降低,二者表达成负相关,与肾癌的发生、发展密切相关.     

人PSF蛋白的原核表达及分析鉴定

PSF(polypyrimidine tract binding protein-associated splicing factor)蛋白是一种多功能的DNA/RNA结合蛋白,能够抑制原癌基因的表达,在人和小鼠中具有肿瘤抑制的作用.以人成纤维细胞总RNA为材料,利用PSF特异性引物通过RT-PCR的方法扩增得到PSF...     

胃血管球瘤1例及文献复习

目的:探讨胃血管球瘤的病理学特点及临床表现。方法:对1例胃血管球瘤进行组织学表现、免疫组化染色观察及文献复习。结果:组织学特点:肿瘤细胞围绕薄壁血管呈实性排列,大小一致,圆形或多角形,胞质丰富红染或透亮,界限清楚。免疫组化特点:肿瘤细胞表达SMA(++)、Vimentin(+++)。结论:胃血管球瘤是胃一种少见的肿瘤,易误诊为胃肠间质瘤、平滑肌瘤及类癌,可以通过免疫组化染色及形态学观察进行鉴别诊断。     

GMD 应用于安氏II 类错牙合非拔牙矫治的临床分析

目的:探讨安氏Ⅱ类错非拔牙矫治中GMD矫治器的疗效和适应症。方法:选择36例恒牙早期安氏Ⅱ类病例,主要表现为以乳磨牙早失形成的磨牙近移或上牙列轻中度拥挤的的非拔牙患者为研究对象,通过运用GMD推磨牙装置远移磨牙开辟后牙间隙。结果:36例患者中除1例因上切牙唇倾致患者对面形不满意而改行拔牙矫治外其余患者均取得了较好的疗效。第一磨牙平均远移5.6mm,远移到位平均4-5个月。磨牙建立中性关系。结论:GMD装置是一种快速有效的推磨牙向后的矫治器,但要掌握好适应症才能取得成功。     

Report from the second cytomegalovirus and immunosenescence workshop

The Second International Workshop on CMV & Immunosenescence was held in Cambridge, UK, 2-4th December, 2010. The presentations covered four separate sessions: cytomegalovirus and T cell phenotypes; T cell memory frequency, inflation and immunosenescence; cytomegalovirus in aging, mortality and disease states; and the immunobiology of cytomegalovirus-specific T cells and effects of the virus on vaccination. This commentary summarizes the major findings of these presentations and references subsequently published work from the presenter laboratory where appropriate and draws together major themes that were subsequently discussed along with new areas of interest that were highlighted by this discussion.     

IL-1α/IL-1R1 expression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and mechanistic relevance to smoke-induced neutrophilia in mice

Background

Cigarette smoking is the main risk factor for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite this, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that contribute to COPD pathogenesis are still poorly understood.

Methodology and Principal Findings

The objective of this study was to assess IL-1 α and β expression in COPD patients and to investigate their respective roles in perpetuating cigarette smoke-induced inflammation. Functional studies were pursued in smoke-exposed mice using gene-deficient animals, as well as blocking antibodies for IL-1α and β. Here, we demonstrate an underappreciated role for IL-1α expression in COPD. While a strong correlation existed between IL-1α and β levels in patients during stable disease and periods of exacerbation, neutrophilic inflammation was shown to be IL-1α-dependent, and IL-1β- and caspase-1-independent in a murine model of cigarette smoke exposure. As IL-1α was predominantly expressed by hematopoietic cells in COPD patients and in mice exposed to cigarette smoke, studies pursued in bone marrow chimeric mice demonstrated that the crosstalk between IL-1α+ hematopoietic cells and the IL-1R1+ epithelial cells regulates smoke-induced inflammation. IL-1α/IL-1R1-dependent activation of the airway epithelium also led to exacerbated inflammatory responses in H1N1 influenza virus infected smoke-exposed mice, a previously reported model of COPD exacerbation.

Conclusions and Significance

This study provides compelling evidence that IL-1α is central to the initiation of smoke-induced neutrophilic inflammation and suggests that IL-1α/IL-1R1 targeted therapies may be relevant for limiting inflammation and exacerbations in COPD.     

Comparison of protein and peptide prefractionation methods for the shotgun proteomic analysis of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

Proteome analysis by gel-free "shotgun" proteomics relies on the simplification of a peptide mixture before it is analyzed in a mass spectrometer. While separation on a reverse-phase (RP) liquid chromatographic column is widely employed, a variety of other methods have been used to fractionate both proteins and peptides before this step. We compared six different protein and peptide fractionation workflows, using Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, a useful model cyanobacterium for potential exploitation to improve its production of hydrogen and other secondary metabolites. Pre-digestion protein separation was performed by strip-based isoelectric focusing, one-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, or weak anion exchange chromatography, while pre-RP peptide separation was accomplished by isoelectric focusing (IEF) or strong cation exchange chromatography. Peptides were identified using electrospray ionization quadrupole time of flight-tandem mass spectrometry. Mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem mass spectra were analyzed using ProID software employing both a single organism database and the entire NCBI non-redundant database, and a total of 776 proteins were identified using a stringent set of selection criteria. Method comparisons were made on the basis of the results obtained (number and types of proteins identified), as well as ease of use and other practical aspects. IEF-IEF protein and peptide fractionation prior to RP gave the best overall performance.