Making two organelles from one: Woronin body biogenesis by peroxisomal protein sorting

Woronin bodies (WBs) are dense-core organelles that are found exclusively in filamentous fungi and that seal the septal pore in response to wounding. These organelles consist of a membrane-bound protein matrix comprised of the HEX protein and, although they form from peroxisomes, their biogenesis is poorly understood. In Neurospora crassa, we identify Woronin sorting complex (WSC), a PMP22/MPV17-related membrane protein with dual functions in WB biogenesis. WSC localizes to large peroxisome membranes where it self-assembles into detergent-resistant oligomers that envelop HEX assemblies, producing asymmetrical nascent WBs. In a reaction requiring WSC, these structures are delivered to the cell cortex, which permits partitioning of the nascent WB and WB inheritance. Our findings suggest that WSC and HEX collaborate and control distinct aspects of WB biogenesis and that cortical association depends on WSC, which in turn depends on HEX. This dependency helps order events across the organellar membrane, permitting the peroxisome to produce a second organelle with a distinct composition and intracellular distribution.     

Bioconjugation of zirconium uridine monophosphate: application to myoglobin direct electrochemistry

Porous nano-granule of zirconium uridine monophosphate, Zr(UMP)2.H2O is, for the first time, synthesized under mild experimental conditions and applied to the bioconjugation of myoglobin (Mb) to realize its direct electron transfer. UV-vis and resonance Raman spectroscopies prove that Mb in the Zr(UMP)2.H2O film maintains its secondary structure similar to the native state. The conjugation film of the Mb-Zr(UMP)2.H2O on the glassy carbon (GC) electrode gives a well-defined and quasi-reversible cyclic voltammogram, which reflects the direct electron transfer of the heme Fe III/Fe II couple of Mb. On the basis of the satisfying bioelectrocatalysis of the nano-conjugation of Mb and genetic substrate, a kind of mediator-free biosensor for H2O2 is developed. The linear range for H2O2 detection is estimated to be 3.92-180.14 microM. The apparent Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) and the detection limit based on the signal-to-noise ratio of 3 are found to be 196.1 microM and 1.52 microM, respectively. Both the apparent Michaelis-Menten constant and the detection limit herein are much lower than currently reported values from other Mb films. This kind of sensor possesses excellent stability, long-term life (more than 20 days) and good reproducibility.     

磷脂酶A2在诱导红豆杉细胞产生活性氧中的作用

对磷脂酶A2(PLA2)在真菌诱导中国红豆杉细胞产生活性氧中的作用进行研究,结果表明：PLA2非特异抑制剂可降低真菌诱导子诱导产生的H2O22通过钙离子螯合和PLA2特异抑制剂实验,表明参与H2O2产生的PLA2为胞质CaO^2 依赖型2对PLA2诱导H202产生的机理进行分析,发现亚油酸可缓解PLA2抑制剂对诱导的活性氧的抑制作用,而且亚油酸单独处理可导致H2O2的发生,其它的脂肪酸也具有类似诱导H2O2发生的作用.不同离子型的脂肪酸对H2O2产生的影响不同,阴离子型脂肪酸较非离子型脂肪酸更能促进活性氧的发生.这些结果表明,PLA2可能通过产生脂肪酸或其衍生物激活H2O2的产生酶系.     

性诱剂在蔬菜害虫测报上的应用

小菜蛾、斜纹夜蛾、甜菜夜蛾是松阳县蔬菜上的主要害虫。作者于 2 0 0 2年将性诱剂应用在蔬菜害虫测报上 ,结果表明 ,该测报方法具有准确度高、省工、省时等优点。     

拟南芥草酸不敏感突变体的筛选与分析

草酸是多种真菌的致病因子。在含1.2 mmol/L 草酸和10 mmol/L 雌二醇的MS缺钙培养基上, 从大约含6000个独立株系的拟南芥化学诱导突变体库中筛选草酸不敏感的突变体。初筛获得的可能的草酸不敏感突变体单株收种后, 进一步复筛获得5株较抗草酸的突变体D33、D74、D154、D282和D630。对它们的TAIL-PCR的第三步产物回收、测序、比对的结果表明：D33的T-DNA插入位点位于At2g39720 (Zinc finger ) and At2g39730 (Rubisco activase) 之间, D74、D154、D282和D630都插在At5g10450 (14-3-3 protein GF14 lambda) 的第一个内含子上。突变体后继的遗传分析与分子分析正在进行中。     

乙型肝-T炎病毒和黄曲霉素协同在裸鼠体内诱发人胎肝细胞癌变的研究

为了研究乙型肝炎（乙肝）病毒（HBV）和黄曲霉素（AFB1）在肝癌发生过程中的作用,用HBV感染人胚胎肝细胞移植至裸鼠背部皮下,以后每周注射AFB1,能诱发裸鼠成瘤,实验分为4组：A组为HV＋AFB1组,即用HBV感染的人胚胎肝细胞移植于裸鼠,同时注射AFB1;B组为HBV^ 组,用HBV感染的人胚胎肝细胞移植于裸鼠,不注射AFB1;C组为AFB1^ 组,用不感染HBV的人胚胎肝细胞移植于裸鼠,注射AFB1;D组为对照组,用不感染HBV的人胚胎肝细胞移植于裸鼠,也不注射AFB1。结果：A组成瘤率为27．3％（6／22）,B组0％,C组13．3％（2／15）,D组0％,所有肿瘤病理诊断均为肝细胞癌。用EMA单抗检测,证实为人来源细胞。PCR和DNA狭缝印迹显示：HBV X和HBV S基因阳性,证明HBV基因已在瘤细胞中。细胞首次用人乙肝病毒协同AFB1在裸鼠体内诱发成功人肝细胞癌,证明了ABV协同AFB1,在人肝细胞癌发生过程中的病因作用。同时,为进一步研究肝癌的发生及防治了良好的动物模型。     

白芍中丹皮酚、芍药苷和苯甲酸的反相薄层色谱分析

建立了对白芍中丹皮酚、芍药苷和苯甲酸同时进行反相薄层色谱分析的新方法。以RP－C18F254S高效反相薄层板,选择了合适的溶剂体系：四氢呋喃／水46／54（0.1%的四丁基溴化铵）,展距仅4.5cm,薄层扫描分析三者。结果准确,重现性好。     

EB病毒BNLF—1基因研究的新进展

EB病毒广泛存在于人群中,它的潜伏感染与鼻咽癌的发生密切相关。EBV在潜伏感染的过程中表达一种潜伏膜蛋白1（LMP1）,具有致瘤性,因此编码LMP1的基因BNLF－1被认为是EBV的瘤基因。BNLF－1基因具有广泛的生物学功能,在鼻咽癌的发生发展过程中起重要作用。近年的研究表明,鼻咽癌来源的EBV与标准株EBV比较存在相当的变异,而鼻咽癌来源的LMP1在致瘤性上也明显强于标准株LMP1。本文将综述BNLF－1基因生物学功能研究方面的新进展,并简要介绍变异型LMP1研究的新成果。     

一种快速检测启动子特异性的方法

非洲爪蟾的受精卵体积大,易于操作,与转基因鼠比较,转基因爪蟾操作更是快速、经济、简便,是一种深受欢迎的脊椎动物模型。利用绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）的特性,与不同的基因启动子连接,并运用显微注射技术制备转基因蟾,根据GFP表达情况,可以初步判断启动子的特异性。     

一株抗生素产生菌的研究初报

从土壤中筛得一株能产生抗生素的细菌,经鉴定属于假单胞菌科假单胞菌属,抗菌谱分析表明,它对革兰氏阳性细菌有较强的抗性,而对革兰氏阴性细菌抗性弱,其活性成分能耐以100℃,0．5h 水浴,且能通过0．22um微孔滤膜。