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排序方式: 共有344条查询结果,搜索用时 206 毫秒
291.
292.
Solvent-dehydrated calvarial allografts in craniofacial surgery 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Vargel I Tunçbilek G Mavili E Cila A Ruacan S Benli K Erk Y 《Plastic and reconstructive surgery》2004,114(2):298-306
Craniofacial surgery almost always requires the use of bone grafting. Although autografts are the standard procedure for bone grafting, it is sometimes not possible to harvest bone, and autografts have particular risks. The use of allograft bone provides a reasonable alternative to meet the need for graft material. Solvent dehydration is a multistage procedure in which human cadaveric bone is processed by osmotic exchange baths and gamma sterilization. This processing avoids the risk of infection transmission, decreases antigenicity, and does not weaken the mechanical properties of the bone. Solvent-dehydrated, gamma-irradiated human calvarial bone allografts were used for reconstruction of craniofacial deformities in 24 patients between 1988 and 2002. Resorption of the allografts and results of the surgical intervention were evaluated with plain radiographs and three-dimensional computed tomography 12 months after surgery, in 21 patients. Serologic tests for human immunodeficiency virus-1 antibody, hepatitis B surface antigen, and hepatitis C antigen were also performed. Biopsy specimens were taken from the allografts. Average follow-up in this group was 30 months (range, 8 to 60 months), and results of serologic tests were negative in all patients. Seventy-one percent of the patients (15 of 21) showed no resorption, with partial and complete allograft fusion. One patient had nearly total graft loss and the remaining five patients had 10 to 25 percent graft resorption. Rigid fixation of the allograft, contact with the dura and periosteum, and prevention of dead spaces around the allograft are the most important factors in achieving a satisfactory result. In solvent-dehydrated bone allografts, sterilization and antigenic tissue cleaning are achieved after several steps with a minimal dose of radiation. The result is a nonantigenic, sterile mechanical scaffold that can tolerate external forces. Although autografts are the standard in craniofacial surgery, solvent-dehydrated calvarial bone allografts produced successful results in selected cases. 相似文献
293.
Takai M Shigehara N Aung AK Tun ST Soe AN Tsubamoto T Thein T 《Journal of human evolution》2001,40(5):393-409
A new genus and species of medium-sized fossil primate, Myanmarpithecus yarshensis, is described from the lastest middle Eocene sediments of Pondaung, central Myanmar (Burma). The specimens consist of right maxillary fragments with P(4)-M(3)and a left mandibular corpus with C-P(3)and M(2-3). To date, three purported anthropoids have been discovered from the Pondaung Formation: Pondaungia and Amphipithecus (Amphipithecidae) and Bahinia (Eosimiidae). Myanmarpithecus differs from these other Pondaung primates in having cingular hypocones on upper molars and in lacking paraconids on M(2-3). Although Myanmarpithecus resembles some utahiin omomyines in superficial aspects of the morphology of M(2-3)(i.e., mesiodistally compressed molar trigonid and enamel crenulation), the morphological analysis of upper molars and lower premolars indicates that it is neither an omomyoid nor an adapoid but is more derived than fossil prosimians (such as adapoids, omomyoids, and tarsiers) and more anthropoid-like. On the other hand, it is more primitive (prosimian-like) than early anthropoids from the late Eocene/early Oligocene of the Fayum, Egypt. Myanmarpithecus is likely to be an early, primitive anthropoid ("protoanthropoid"). 相似文献
294.
Ng KP Hillmer AM Chuah CT Juan WC Ko TK Teo AS Ariyaratne PN Takahashi N Sawada K Fei Y Soh S Lee WH Huang JW Allen JC Woo XY Nagarajan N Kumar V Thalamuthu A Poh WT Ang AL Mya HT How GF Yang LY Koh LP Chowbay B Chang CT Nadarajan VS Chng WJ Than H Lim LC Goh YT Zhang S Poh D Tan P Seet JE Ang MK Chau NM Ng QS Tan DS Soda M Isobe K Nöthen MM Wong TY Shahab A Ruan X Cacheux-Rataboul V Sung WK Tan EH Yatabe Y Mano H Soo RA Chin TM Lim WT Ruan Y Ong ST 《Nature medicine》2012,18(4):521-528
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) elicit high response rates among individuals with kinase-driven malignancies, including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (EGFR NSCLC). However, the extent and duration of these responses are heterogeneous, suggesting the existence of genetic modifiers affecting an individual's response to TKIs. Using paired-end DNA sequencing, we discovered a common intronic deletion polymorphism in the gene encoding BCL2-like 11 (BIM). BIM is a pro-apoptotic member of the B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) family of proteins, and its upregulation is required for TKIs to induce apoptosis in kinase-driven cancers. The polymorphism switched BIM splicing from exon 4 to exon 3, which resulted in expression of BIM isoforms lacking the pro-apoptotic BCL2-homology domain 3 (BH3). The polymorphism was sufficient to confer intrinsic TKI resistance in CML and EGFR NSCLC cell lines, but this resistance could be overcome with BH3-mimetic drugs. Notably, individuals with CML and EGFR NSCLC harboring the polymorphism experienced significantly inferior responses to TKIs than did individuals without the polymorphism (P = 0.02 for CML and P = 0.027 for EGFR NSCLC). Our results offer an explanation for the heterogeneity of TKI responses across individuals and suggest the possibility of personalizing therapy with BH3 mimetics to overcome BIM-polymorphism-associated TKI resistance. 相似文献
295.
296.
Kyaw Moe Angelina Sijaona Anjana Shrestha Paivi Kettunen Masahiko Taniguchi Keijo Luukko 《Differentiation; research in biological diversity》2012
Timing and patterning of dental pulp innervation are strictly spatio-temporally regulated but it is still not known how they are controlled at molecular level. We analyzed postnatal innervation of the dental pulp in the mandibular first molar of mice deficient for Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) axon repellant molecule. Immunohistochemical localization of nerve fibers on serial sections covering the whole tooth germs using anti-peripherin antibody revealed that nerve fibers were prematurely present within the preodontoblast layer next to the inner enamel epithelium already at PN0 in Sema3A−/− mice. In contrast, in the wild-type (Sema3A+/+) mice nerve fibers were seen in the pulp only after enamel formation at PN3. The nerves in Sema3A−/− pulp were notably defasciculated and thinner compared to that of Sema3A+/+ mice. A premature formation of an abnormal, enlarged nerve plexus with a high number of arborizations was apparent in the pulp–dentin border target area in Sema3A−/− already at PN2 whereas in the wild-type mice the first sign of plexus formation was seen at PN7. The expression of mRNAs for Ngf, Gdnf and Ncam neuroregulatory molecules in mandibular molar as well as receptors for neurotrophic factors and class 3 semaphorins including Sema3A (TrkA, p75, TrkB, TrkC, Ret, Npn1, Npn2, PlxA4) in trigeminal ganglia were not altered in the Sema3A−/− mice. Collectively, this data show that Sema3A serves an essential role in molar tooth pulp innervation controlling the timing of nerve fiber penetration into the pulp, their patterning and the formation of nerve plexus at pulp–dentin border area, and provide further support for the hypothesis that tooth innervation is regulated by the coordinated activity of locally expressed neuroregulatory molecules exerting positive and negative influences on growing dental nerve fibers. 相似文献
297.
Nwet Nwet Win May Mon Kyaw Prema Hla Ngwe Takuya Ito Yoshinori Asakawa Yasuko Okamoto Masami Tanaka Ikuro Abe Hiroyuki Morita 《化学与生物多样性》2019,16(4)
A new dinorcassane diterpenoid, seikphoochinal A ( 1 ), and four known compounds, pinostrobin ( 2 ), 4′,7‐dimethylkaempferol ( 3 ), and galanals A ( 4 ) and B ( 5 ), were isolated from the chloroform‐soluble crude extract of wild type Boesenbergia rotunda rhizomes collected in Lower Myanmar. The chemical structures of these compounds were identified, using a combination of spectroscopic methods. The presence of the diterpenoids 1 , 4 , and 5 demonstrated the structural diversity of wild type B. rotunda. Among the isolates, compounds 4 and 5 exhibited significant antiproliferative activities against a small panel of human cancer cell lines, including lung (LK‐2, A549), stomach (ECC4), breast (MCF7), cervix (HeLa), and prostate (DU145). 相似文献
298.
Tobias Brummaier Nay Win Tun Aung Myat Min Mary Ellen Gilder Laypaw Archasuksan Stephane Proux Douwe Kiestra Prakaykaew Charunwatthana Jürg Utzinger Daniel H. Paris Mathieu Nacher Julie A. Simpson Francois Nosten Rose McGready 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2021,15(3)
BackgroundSoil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are widespread in tropical and subtropical regions. While many STH infections are asymptomatic, vulnerable populations such as pregnant women face repercussions such as aggravation of maternal anaemia. However, data on prevalence and the effect of STH infections in pregnancy are limited. The aim of this analysis was to describe the burden of STH infections within and between populations of pregnant women from a local refugee camp to a mobile migrant population, and to explore possible associations between STH infection and pregnancy outcomes.MethodologyThis is a retrospective review of records from pregnant refugee and migrant women who attended Shoklo Malaria Research Unit antenatal care (ANC) clinics along the Thailand-Myanmar border between July 2013 and December 2017. Inclusion was based on provision of a stool sample during routine antenatal screening. A semi-quantitative formalin concentration method was employed for examination of faecal samples. The associations between STH mono-infections and maternal anaemia and pregnancy outcomes (i.e., miscarriage, stillbirth, preterm birth, and small for gestational age) were estimated using regression analysis.Principal findingsOverall, 12,742 pregnant women were included, of whom 2,702 (21.2%) had a confirmed infection with either Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, Trichuris trichiura, or a combination of these. The occurrence of STH infections in the refugee population (30.8%; 1,246/4,041) was higher than in the migrant population (16.7%; 1,456/8,701). A. lumbricoides was the predominant STH species in refugees and hookworm in migrants. A. lumbricoides and hookworm infection were associated with maternal anaemia at the first ANC consultation with adjusted odds ratios of 1.37 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08–1.72) and 1.65 (95% CI 1.19–2.24), respectively. Pregnant women with A. lumbricoides infection were less likely to miscarry when compared to women with negative stool samples (adjusted hazard ratio 0.63, 95% CI 0.48–0.84). STH infections were not significantly associated with stillbirth, preterm birth or being born too small for gestational age. One in five pregnant women in this cohort had STH infection. Association of STH infection with maternal anaemia, in particular in the event of late ANC enrolment, underlines the importance of early detection and treatment of STH infection. A potential protective effect of A. lumbricoides infection on miscarriage needs confirmation in prospective studies. 相似文献
299.
[目的]为明确草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda在高低温胁迫条件下CYP4G15和CYP4L4是否参与调控.[方法]本研究采用RT-PCR方法检测CYP4G15和CYP4L4在草地贪夜蛾各发育阶段和不同组织以及在36℃高温和4℃低温条件下的表达情况.[结果]CYP4G15和CYP4L4基因均在草地贪夜蛾低龄时表达量最高;CYP4G15在表皮组织中表达量最高;CYP4L4在前肠组织中表达量最高;在高温和低温胁迫条件下,两个基因均存在差异表达.[结论]CYP4G15和CYP4L4可能参与草地贪夜蛾体内.多种内源物质合成以及受高温、低温胁迫的代谢过程. 相似文献
300.
Si Lhyam Myint Nikola Zlatkov Kyaw Min Aung Eric Toh Annika Sjöström Aftab Nadeem Marylise Duperthuy Bernt Eric Uhlin Sun Nyunt Wai 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》2021,1865(7):129912
BackgroundA prevailing action of the Type VI secretion system (T6SS) in several Gram-negative bacterial species is inter-bacterial competition. In the past several years, many effectors of T6SS were identified in different bacterial species and their involvement in inter-bacterial interactions were described. However, possible defence mechanisms against T6SS attack among prey bacteria were not well clarified yet.MethodsEscherichia coli was assessed for susceptibility to T6SS-mediated killing by Vibrio cholerae. TheT6SS-mediated bacterial killing assays were performed in absence or presence of different protease inhibitors and with different mutant E. coli strains. Expression levels of selected proteins were monitored using SDS-PAGE and immunoblot analyses.ResultsThe T6SS-mediated killing of E. coli by V. cholerae was partly blocked when the serine protease inhibitor Pefabloc was present. E. coli lacking the periplasmic protease inhibitor Ecotin showed enhanced susceptibility to killing by V. cholerae. Mutations affecting E. coli membrane stability also caused increased susceptibility to killing by V. cholerae. E. coli lacking the maltodextrin porin protein LamB showed reduced susceptibility to killing by V. cholerae whereas E. coli with induced high levels of LamB showed reduced survival in inter-bacterial competition.ConclusionsOur study identified two proteins in E. coli, the intrinsic protease inhibitor Ecotin and the outer membrane porin LamB, that influenced E. coli susceptibility to T6SS-mediated killing by V. cholerae.General significanceWe envision that it is feasible to explore these findings to target and modulate their expression to obtain desired changes in inter-bacterial competition in vivo, e.g. in the gastrointestinal microbiome. 相似文献