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Mycotoxin Research - Six laboratories analyzed portions of the same aqueous acetonitrile extracts of three peanut butters for aflatoxin concentrations by an HPLC procedure (using immunoaffinity... 相似文献
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Oocysts of Eimeria saudiensis n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) are described from the feces of the Arabian oryx, Oryx leucoryx , from the Riyadh Zoo, Saudi Arabia. The oocysts were ellipsoidal or slightly ovoid, 31.2 times 24.5 (24.3–36.5 times 20.0–27.6) μm with a bilayered wall about 1.7 μm thick. The micropyle was covered by a dome-shaped cap. The oocyst residuum was absent, but tiny polar granules were present. The sporocysts were elongate ovoid, 14.3 times 7.2 (11.5–18.5 times 6.0–9.0) μm, had a Stieda body, but lacked a substiedal body. The sporocyst residuum was present, composed of numerous small granules. The sporozoites were elongate club-shaped, and contained two prominent refractile bodies. 相似文献
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Culturable microfungi inhibitory to Armillaria rhizomorph formation from Fagus sylvatica stump roots and soil 下载免费PDF全文
Culturable fungi from 28 fungal communities were isolated from soil, rhizosphere and thick (1 cm diam.) roots of living beech (Fagus sylvatica) trees and their stumps 1–3 years after felling. All fungi were morphotyped and identified morphologically. The frequency of fungi was 2–5× greater in stumps than in living trees. The diversity of fungi was similar in living trees and stumps. The majority of fungal species that occurred at greater frequency on/in roots of stumps reduced the growth of Armillaria ostoyae and to a smaller extent of A. gallica rhizomorphs in a soil substrate in vitro. It is suggested that the mycobiota of roots may constrain the colonization of F. sylvatica by A. ostoyae rather than by A. gallica. The significance of these findings in the epidemiology of Armillaria in beech forests is discussed. 相似文献
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Possible protective mechanisms exerted by metformin or metformin and vitamin E in isoproterenol‐induced cardiac injury 下载免费PDF全文
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EARLY STARVATION1 specifically affects the phosphorylation action of starch‐related dikinases 下载免费PDF全文
Irina Malinova Harendra Mahto Felix Brandt Shadha AL‐Rawi Hadeel Qasim Henrike Brust Mahdi Hejazi Joerg Fettke 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2018,95(1):126-137
Starch phosphorylation by starch‐related dikinases glucan, water dikinase (GWD) and phosphoglucan, water dikinase (PWD) is a key step in starch degradation. Little information is known about the precise structure of the glucan substrate utilized by the dikinases and about the mechanisms by which these structures may be influenced. A 50‐kDa starch‐binding protein named EARLY STARVATION1 (ESV1) was analyzed regarding its impact on starch phosphorylation. In various in vitro assays, the influences of the recombinant protein ESV1 on the actions of GWD and PWD on the surfaces of native starch granules were analyzed. In addition, we included starches from various sources as well as truncated forms of GWD. ESV1 preferentially binds to highly ordered, α‐glucans, such as starch and crystalline maltodextrins. Furthermore, ESV1 specifically influences the action of GWD and PWD at the starch granule surface. Starch phosphorylation by GWD is decreased in the presence of ESV1, whereas the action of PWD increases in the presence of ESV1. The unique alterations observed in starch phosphorylation by the two dikinases are discussed in regard to altered glucan structures at the starch granule surface. 相似文献
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Kwa Siew-Hwa; Wee Yeow-Chin; Lim Tit-Meng; Kumar Prakash P. 《Journal of experimental botany》1995,46(10):1535-1542
Gametophyte-derived callus cultures of Platycerium coronariumcould be maintained under photoautotrophic conditions on Murashigeand Skoog medium supplemented with 2µM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyaceticacid (2,4-D) and with CO2 enrichment. Progressive reductionof sucrose from the medium resulted in a reduction in growth,but an increase in total chlorophyll content. When subculturingwas delayed beyond 2 weeks, callus cells differentiated intogametophytes on the medium with 0.2 sucrose and no CO2 enrichment.Enriching the photoautotrophic cultures on 2µM 2, 4-Dwith 1% CO2 resulted in about 1.7-fold increase in fresh weightwithin 42 d. Total chlorophyll content was generally higherwith 1% CO2 enrichment than with 10%. Fv/Fm ratio was higherfor callus on low levels of sucrose (>0.5%) than that onsucrose 1.0%. An increase in autofluorescence of chloroplasts,but not the size, was observed with decreasing sucrose levelsin the medium. Autofluorescence decreased with increase in CO2from 0.03%. Our data are in agreement with the view that long-termexposure to high levels of decrease in photosynthetic capacity. Key words: Platycerium coronarium, stag's horn fern, autofluorescence of chloroplasts, confocal laser scanning microscope, Fv/Fm ratio, photoautotrophic callus 相似文献
60.
Siew-Hwa Kwa Yeow-Chin Wee Prakash P. Kumar 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1995,31(4):211-214
Summary The uptake of nitrate and ammonium by callus ofPlatycerium coronarium from the culture medium was examined. Nitrate reductase activity of photoautotrophic callus cultures under CO2 enrichment was significantly lower compared to the cultures without CO2 enrichment, but higher than that of heterotrophic callus cultured on medium with 2% (wt/vol) sucrose. When sucrose concentration
of the heterotrophic culture was lowered to 0.2%, nitrate reductase activity increased. The level of nitrate reductase activity
increased by about 25% in the heterotrophic callus with an increase in 2,4-D from 2 μM to 10 μM, despite a decline in fresh weight gain. However, photoautotrophic cultures with 1% CO2 enrichment showed 20% decline in nitrate reductase activity and 45% decline in fresh weight gain with a similar increase
in 2,4-D level. The rate of uptake of nitrate from the culture medium was unrelated to the level of nitrate reductase activity
in the callus. For photoautotrophic callus under CO2 enrichment, the presence of 1% (vol/vol) CO2 generally resulted in the highest rate of nitrate uptake. The rate of uptake of ammonium was higher for callus cultured on
2 μM 2,4-D compared to that on 10 μM 2,4-D. 相似文献