Amplitude-time parameters of long-latency components (N1, N2 and P300) of acoustic evoked potential of healthy examinees of young and mature age

The aim of study was to track a cumulative changes of amplitude-time parametres of components N1, N2 and P300 of acoustic evoked potential in experimental situations different in complexity (at the account and listening of sounds) and to compare the received distinctions at examinees of young and mature age. ERP were recorded at 12 healthy subjects from 18 to 22 ages and 12 subjects from 32 to 59 ages. The two-stimuli oddball paradigm was used. It is revealed that components N1, N2 and P300 recorded in the situation of the listenings of sounds without any preliminary instruction do not differ at persons of young and mature age. At examinees of younger age the biger amplitude of component N1 is noted at the account of sounds in comparison with listening whereas the latency of the one do not change depending on complexity of the task. It is shown that component N2 has stability of latency in relation to age and an experimental situation. The amplitude of component N2 is above at the account of sounds in both age groups. The amplitude-time parametres of component P300 do not differ at examinees of different age in a problem of listening of sounds. The revealed features of components N1, N2 and P300 at examinees of young and mature age in experimental situations different in complexity, allow to assume that with the years at the person adaptive mechanisms which allow carrying out successfully of the task.     

Proteolytic cleavage of pertussis toxin S1 subunit is not essential for its activity in mammalian cells

Background  

Pertussis toxin (PT) is an exotoxin virulence factor produced by Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough. PT consists of an active subunit (S1) that ADP-ribosylates the alpha subunit of several mammalian G proteins, and a B oligomer (S2–S5) that binds glycoconjugate receptors on cells. PT appears to enter cells by endocytosis, and retrograde transport through the Golgi apparatus may be important for its cytotoxicity. A previous study demonstrated that proteolytic processing of S1 occurs after PT enters mammalian cells. We sought to determine whether this proteolytic processing of S1 is necessary for PT cytotoxicity.     

Identification and expression analysis of microRNAs and targets in the biofuel crop sugarcane

Background  

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs, some of which are conserved in diverse plant genomes. Therefore, computational identification and further experimental validation of miRNAs from non-model organisms is both feasible and instrumental for addressing miRNA-based gene regulation and evolution. Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is an important biofuel crop with publicly available expressed sequence tag and genomic survey sequence databases, but little is known about miRNAs and their targets in this highly polyploid species.     

Amplitude-time characteristics of the long-latency components (<Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>1, <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>2, and <Emphasis Type="Italic">P</Emphasis>300) of acoustic evoked potential in healthy subjects

The aim of the study was to trace the cumulative changes in the amplitude-time parameters of the AEP (acoustic evoked potential) components N1, N2, and P300 in the experimental situations of different complexities (counting and listening to sounds) and to compare the differences between young and mature subjects. The AEP was recorded in 12 healthy subjects aged 18 to 22 years and in 12 subjects aged 32 to 59 years. It was revealed that the components N1, N2, and P300 recorded in the situation of listening without any preliminary instruction did not differ in young and mature individuals. In the younger subjects, a higher N1 amplitude was revealed when they counted sounds, compared to listening, whereas the latency values of this component did not differ, irrespective of the complexity of the task. The component N2 was shown to demonstrate latency stability in relation to the age and the experimental situation. The N2 amplitude was higher in the situation of counting sounds in both age groups. The amplitude-time parameters of P300 did not differ in subjects of different ages in the listening task. The features of the components N1, N2, and P300 revealed in young and mature subjects in the experimental situations differing in complexity lead us to suggest that, with age, humans develop adaptive mechanisms contributing to successful task performance.     

Quantitative estimation of gibberellic acid by paper chromatography

Метод для количественного определения от gibberellic кислоты в процессе брожения средства массовой информации, с использованием бумаги по убыванию хроматографии в butylacetate воды описана. Образца корректируется, чтобы рН 2.5-3.0, добыто с н-бутанола, и 0,05 мл. органического слоя пятнами на Хроматографический бумагу. После equilibration от Атмосфера в банке, chromatogram Разработана в butylacetate насыщенных с водой, за 7 часов, и растворитель разрешено покинуть капельного нижней части листа. Обнаружение осуществляется путем опрыскивания с 3% раствор серной кислоты в метаноле и после сушки бумаги, пятна с синий u.v. флуоресценции наблюдается. Определенный артикль площадь пятна оценивается с помощью калибровочной кривой, заговор с ценностей, стандартов, соответствующих 20, 60 и 120 μ g. gibberellic кислоты. Погрешность оценки составляет ± 10-15% когда оценки выполняются тщательно. Низкий предел чувствительности 5 μg.