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101.
Samit Kumar Dutta Pedro Serrano Michael Geralt Herbert L. Axelrod Qingping Xu Scott A. Lesley Adam Godzik Ashley M. Deacon Marc‐André Elsliger Ian A. Wilson Kurt Wüthrich 《Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society》2015,24(10):1600-1608
Flavodoxins in combination with the flavin mononucleotide (FMN) cofactor play important roles for electron transport in prokaryotes. Here, novel insights into the FMN‐binding mechanism to flavodoxins‐4 were obtained from the NMR structures of the apo‐protein from Lactobacillus acidophilus (YP_193882.1) and comparison of its complex with FMN. Extensive reversible conformational changes were observed upon FMN binding and release. The NMR structure of the FMN complex is in agreement with the crystal structure (PDB ID: 3EDO ) and exhibits the characteristic flavodoxin fold, with a central five‐stranded parallel β–sheet and five α‐helices forming an α/β‐sandwich architecture. The structure differs from other flavoproteins in that helix α2 is oriented perpendicular to the β‐sheet and covers the FMN‐binding site. This helix reversibly unfolds upon removal of the FMN ligand, which represents a unique structural rearrangement among flavodoxins. 相似文献
102.
Johnsen K Maier C Sanchez F Anderson P Butnor J Waring R Linder S 《Plant, cell & environment》2007,30(1):128-134
Quantifying below-ground carbon (C) allocation is particularly difficult as methods usually disturb the root-mycorrhizal-soil continuum. We reduced C allocation below ground of loblolly pine trees by: (1) physically girdling trees and (2) physiologically girdling pine trees by chilling the phloem. Chilling reduced cambium temperatures by approximately 18 degrees C. Both methods rapidly reduced soil CO2 efflux, and after approximately 10 days decreased net photosynthesis (P(n)), the latter indicating feedback inhibition. Chilling decreased soil-soluble C, indicating that decreased soil CO2 efflux may have been mediated by a decrease in root C exudation that was rapidly respired by microbes. These effects were only observed in late summer/early autumn when above-ground growth was minimal, and not in the spring when above-ground growth was rapid. All of the effects were rapidly reversed when chilling was ceased. In fertilized plots, both chilling and physical girdling methods reduced soil CO2 efflux by approximately 8%. Physical girdling reduced soil CO2 efflux by 26% in non-fertilized plots. This work demonstrates that phloem chilling provides a non-destructive alternative to reducing the movement of recent photosynthate below the point of chilling to estimate C allocation below ground on large trees. 相似文献
103.
ED Dean LM Mexas NL Cápiro JE McKeon MR DeLong KD Pennell JA Doorn V Tangpricha GW Miller ML Evatt 《PloS one》2012,7(7):e39227
Recent clinical evidence supports a link between 25-hydroxyvitamin D insufficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels <30 ng/mL) and Parkinson's disease. To investigate the effect of 25(OH)D depletion on neuronal susceptibility to toxic insult, we induced a state of 25(OH)D deficiency in mice and then challenged them with the dopaminergic neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). We found there was no significant difference between control and 25(OH)D-deficient animals in striatal dopamine levels or dopamine transporter and tyrosine hydroxylase expression after lesioning with MPTP. Additionally, we found no difference in tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Our data suggest that reducing 25(OH)D serum levels in mice has no effect on the vulnerability of nigral dopaminergic neurons in vivo in this model system of parkinsonism. 相似文献
104.
105.
Peter Güntert Volker Dötsch Gerhard Wider Kurt Wüthrich 《Journal of biomolecular NMR》1992,2(6):619-629
Summary The new program PROSA is an efficient implementation of the common data-processing steps for multi-dimensional NMR spectra. PROSA performs linear prediction, digital filtering, Fourier transformation, automatic phase correction, and baseline correction. High efficiency is achieved by avoiding disk storage of intermediate data and by the absence of any graphics display, which enables calculation in the batch mode and facilitates porting PROSA on a variety of different computer systems; including supercomputers. Furthermore, all time-consuming routines are completely vectorized. The elimination of a graphics display was made possible by the use of a new, reliable automatic phase-correction routine. CPU times for complete processing of a typical heteronuclear three-dimensional NMR data set of a protein vary between less than 1 min on a NEC SX3 supercomputer and 40 min on a Sun-4 computer system. 相似文献
106.
Changing gull diet in a changing world: A 150‐year stable isotope (δ13C, δ15N) record from feathers collected in the Pacific Northwest of North America 下载免费PDF全文
Louise K. Blight Keith A. Hobson T. Kurt Kyser Peter Arcese 《Global Change Biology》2015,21(4):1497-1507
The world's oceans have undergone significant ecological changes following European colonial expansion and associated industrialization. Seabirds are useful indicators of marine food web structure and can be used to track multidecadal environmental change, potentially reflecting long‐term human impacts. We used stable isotope (δ13C, δ15N) analysis of feathers from glaucous‐winged gulls (Larus glaucescens) in a heavily disturbed region of the northeast Pacific to ask whether diets of this generalist forager changed in response to shifts in food availability over 150 years, and whether any detected change might explain long‐term trends in gull abundance. Sampled feathers came from birds collected between 1860 and 2009 at nesting colonies in the Salish Sea, a transboundary marine system adjacent to Washington, USA and British Columbia, Canada. To determine whether temporal trends in stable isotope ratios might simply reflect changes to baseline environmental values, we also analysed muscle tissue from forage fishes collected in the same region over a multidecadal timeframe. Values of δ13C and δ15N declined since 1860 in both subadult and adult gulls (δ13C, ~ 2–6‰; δ15N, ~4–5‰), indicating that their diet has become less marine over time, and that birds now feed at a lower trophic level than previously. Conversely, forage fish δ13C and δ15N values showed no trends, supporting our conclusion that gull feather values were indicative of declines in marine food availability rather than of baseline environmental change. Gradual declines in feather isotope values are consistent with trends predicted had gulls consumed less fish over time, but were equivocal with respect to whether gulls had switched to a more garbage‐based diet, or one comprising marine invertebrates. Nevertheless, our results suggest a long‐term decrease in diet quality linked to declining fish abundance or other anthropogenic influences, and may help to explain regional population declines in this species and other piscivores. 相似文献
107.
108.
Model organisms such as budding yeast, worms and flies have proven instrumental
in the discovery of genetic determinants of aging, and the fission yeast
Schizosaccharomyces
pombe is a promising new system for these
studies. We devised an approach to directly select for long-lived
S.
pombe mutants from a random DNA insertion
library. Each insertion mutation bears a unique sequence tag called a bar code
that allows one to determine the proportion of an individual mutant in a culture
containing thousands of different mutants. Aging these mutants in culture
allowed identification of a long-lived mutant bearing an insertion mutation in
the cyclin gene clg1
+. Clg1p, like
Pas1p, physically associates with the cyclin-dependent kinase Pef1p. We
identified a third Pef1p cyclin, Psl1p, and found that only loss of Clg1p or
Pef1p extended lifespan. Genetic and co-immunoprecipitation results indicate
that Pef1p controls lifespan through the downstream protein kinase Cek1p. While
Pef1p is conserved as Pho85p in Saccharomyces
cerevisiae, and as cdk5 in humans, genome-wide
searches for lifespan regulators in S. cerevisiae have
never identified Pho85p. Thus, the S. pombe system
can be used to identify novel, evolutionarily conserved lifespan extending
mutations, and our results suggest a potential role for mammalian cdk5 as a
lifespan regulator. 相似文献
109.
Kurt Förster 《Hydrobiologia》1964,23(3-4):321-505
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
110.
Kurt Sedlmayr 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1964,34(2):45-51
Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 4 AbbildungenNach einem Vortrag, gehalten auf der Arbeitstagung der Vereinigung österr. Pflanzenzüchter in Gumpenstein 1963. 相似文献