Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Skin, as Shown by Staining En Bloc1

A modification of Gomori's method for alkaline phosphatase was applied to 5-7 mm cubes of fresh, unfixed human skin. Exposure to the substrate of buffered Na-β·glycerophosphate was varied from 8-36 hr, to the 2% Co(NO₃)₃, 2-12 hr; and to ammonium sulfide (containing approximately 1% NH₃), 1-2 hr. Optimum timing for these treatments were found to be 24, 4 and 1 hr, respectively. After staining, blocks were embedded in paraffin and serial sections were made. In such small blocks, the staining was uniform throughout the block. Alkaline phosphatase activity was seen in the walls of the subepidermal and periappendageal capillaries, as well as in the eccrine sweat glands, and did not differ from that seen in stained frozen sections. In particular, there was no loss of specificity and no diffusion of the enzyme.     

新疆农田系统瓢虫资源调查与多样性研究

为全面了解新疆农田系统瓢虫资源组成以及多样性结构差异,本研究采用网捕法于2018年、2019年连续两年对新疆11个地州50个县/市/区15种农作物生境的406个采集点开展了瓢虫资源系统调查.结果表明:共获7001号瓢虫标本,隶属3亚科13属26种,其中多异瓢虫Hippodamia variegata为绝对优势种类,其个...     

Synthesis of Imidazole-2,3-dihydrothiazole Compounds as VEGFR-2 Inhibitors and Their Support with in Silico Studies

In this study, 12 novel 2-((1-(4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl)ethylidene)hydrazineylidene)-3-ethyl-4-(substitutephenyl)-2,3-dihydrothiazole derivatives were obtained. Among these compounds, 2-((1-(4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl)ethylidene)hydrazineylidene)-4-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-3-ethyl-2,3-dihydrothiazole ( 4h ) was chosen as the most active derivative in the series. According to the MTT results, compounds 4h and 4k showed activity with IC₅₀=4.566±0.246 μM and IC₅₀=4.537±0.463 μM, respectively. Unlike other derivatives, compound 4h carries a phenyl ring in the 4th position of the phenyl ring. This bulky group allowed the compound to settle in the enzyme active site. Dynamic studies show that the stability of the compound does not change over 40 ns. RMSD, RMSF and Rg parameters all remained within acceptable limits. The uninterrupted aromatic hydrogen bonding of the enzyme active site with the important amino acids Cys919, Glu885 and Asp1046 proves the inhibitory potential of compound 4h on the VEGFR-2 enzyme. It is thought that more active compounds will be reached with the derivatives to be synthesized starting from compound 4h .     

Fine-scale genetic structure of the endangered bitterling in the middle river basin of the Kiso River,Japan

Genetica - Recently, anthropogenic alterations have had severe and negative impacts on the terrestrial and aquatic species and environments. To conserve species that have a small and limited...