L,D-转肽酶LdtMt2-厄他培南加合物的新状态Ⅰ-plus结构

具有多重耐药性和广泛耐药性的结核分枝杆菌菌株正在全球范围内传播,因此,迫切需要新的抗结核药物。结核分枝杆菌的L,D-转肽酶LdtMt2直接参与肽聚糖的形成,细菌毒性和β-内酰胺抗性。该酶是潜在的抗结核靶标,可以被碳青霉烯类抗生素抑制,碳青霉烯类抗生素是FDA批准的用于治疗肺结核的药物。据报道,LdtMt2与碳青霉烯类抗生素（如厄他培南,亚胺培南和美洛培南）相互作用时,存在两种不同的中间状态,即状态I和II。状态I被认为是初始加合物形成状态,而状态II被认为是稳定的蛋白质-配体相互作用状态,并伴有碳青霉烯类抗生素和蛋白质的局部构象排列。本文中,我们报告了一个LdMt2-ertapenem新中间状态I-plus,具有与状态II相同的碳青霉烯类抗生素构象和与状态I相似的局部蛋白质构象。该新状态是从状态I转变为状态II的中间状态,构象变化发生在厄他培南分子而不是蛋白质。我们的工作有助于阐明碳青霉烯类抗生素对LdtMt2的作用后发生的变化,并与其他报道的中间状态一起揭示L,D-转肽酶如何与碳青霉烯类抗生素相互作用。     

Correlations between glycolysis with clinical traits and immune function in bladder urothelial carcinoma

Background: Glycolysis was a representative hallmark in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and we aimed to explore the correlations between glycolysis with immune activity and clinical traits in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA).Methods: Our study obtained glycolysis scores for each BLCA samples from TCGA by a single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm, based on a glycolytic gene set. The relationship between glycolysis with prognosis, clinical characteristics, and immune function were investigated subsequently.Results: We found that enhanced glycolysis was associated with poor prognosis and metastasis in BLCA. Moreover, glycolysis had a close correlation with immune function, and enhanced glycolysis increased immune activities. In other words, glycolysis had a positive correlation with immune activities. Immune checkpoints such as IDO1, CD274, were up-regulated in high-glycolysis group as well.Conclusion: We speculated that in BLCA, elevated glycolysis enhanced immune function, which caused tumor cells to overexpress immune checkpoints to evade immune surveillance. Inhibition of glycolysis might be a promising assistant for immunotherapy in bladder cancer.     

The C‐degron pathway eliminates mislocalized proteins and products of deubiquitinating enzymes

Protein termini are determinants of protein stability. Proteins bearing degradation signals, or degrons, at their amino‐ or carboxyl‐termini are eliminated by the N‐ or C‐degron pathways, respectively. We aimed to elucidate the function of C‐degron pathways and to unveil how normal proteomes are exempt from C‐degron pathway‐mediated destruction. Our data reveal that C‐degron pathways remove mislocalized cellular proteins and cleavage products of deubiquitinating enzymes. Furthermore, the C‐degron and N‐degron pathways cooperate in protein removal. Proteome analysis revealed a shortfall in normal proteins targeted by C‐degron pathways, but not of defective proteins, suggesting proteolysis‐based immunity as a constraint for protein evolution/selection. Our work highlights the importance of protein termini for protein quality surveillance, and the relationship between the functional proteome and protein degradation pathways.     

Silencing of ZFP36L2 increases sensitivity to temozolomide through G2/M cell cycle arrest and BAX mediated apoptosis in GBM cells

Molecular Biology Reports - Despite the advancements in primary brain tumour diagnoses and treatments, the mortality rate remains high, particularly in glioblastoma (GBM). Chemoresistance,...     

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Exerts a Protective Role in MPTP-Induced Parkinson’s Disease via the TLR4/PI3K/AKT/NF-κB Pathway Stimulated by α-Synuclein

Neurochemical Research - Gut microbiota is closely related to the Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis. Additionally, aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) is central to PD...     

Synergistic Therapy of Doxorubicin with Cationic Anticancer Peptide L-K6 Reverses Multidrug Resistance in MCF-7/ADR Cancer Cells In Vitro via P-glycoprotein Inhibition

International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics - Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the major obstacles to efficient chemotherapy against cancers, resulting from the overexpression of...     

Contribution of P2X4 receptor in pain associated with rheumatoid arthritis: a review

Purinergic Signalling - Pain is the most common symptom reported by patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) even after the resolution of chronic joint inflammation. It is believed that...     

Enzymatic deinking of various types of waste paper: Efficiency and characteristics

The aim of the present study was to characterize the enzymatic deinking of various types of waste paper. Studies on the optimization of enzymatic deinking have been performed previously using commercially available enzyme preparations containing cellulase and hemicellulase. The enzymatic deinking of different types of waste paper demonstrated a high efficiency of 86.6% on laser-printed paper, but a low deinking efficiency of 12.9% was obtained with newspaper. All enzymatic treatments significantly improved the drainage rate of the deinked waste paper. Enzymatic deinking increased the tensile index of magazine paper but reduced the tensile index of bubble jet-printed paper, photocopy paper and newspaper. Enzymatic hydrolysis caused a 21.1% reduction in the tear index for bubble jet-printed paper, but a 3.1% increase in the tear index was obtained for laser-printed paper relative to respective blank. In addition, enzymatic hydrolysis increased the burst index by 4.7% relative to blank for laser-printed paper. However, photocopy paper showed the highest reduction (8.3%) in the burst index relative to blank. Taken together, these results suggest that enzymatic hydrolysis is both advantageous and detrimental to the mechanical properties of deinked paper. Thus, the proper regulation of enzymatic hydrolysis is crucial to improve the quality of recycled paper.