白色污染的治理及其展望

针对白色污染的危害及其严重性,综述了治理白色污染的重要技术,并对社会上使用的纸餐具以及相关可降解产品进行了探讨,最后提出要想彻底解决白色污染问题,就必须政策和技术并重。     

实验动物皮肤病原真菌检测方法的改良

目的对实验动物皮肤病原真菌2种培养方法进行了比较。方法将采集到的3只皮肤真菌感染病兔样品经由沙氏平皿法和沙氏试管斜面培养法分别进行培养。结果在3只真菌感染病兔中应用试管斜面法我们只检测到1例皮肤病原真菌阳性,而采用沙氏平皿法3例阳性全部检出。结论结合临床检测经验,我们认为本研究的沙氏平皿法优于沙氏试管斜面法,在实验动物皮肤病原真菌常规检测中具有推广应用价值。     

截短的人精子特异性乳酸脱氢酶L178X突变体丧失催化活性

精子特异性乳酸脱氢酶(乳酸脱氢酶C4,LDH-C4)是精子能量代谢的关键酶类之一.为了研究前期发现的1个LDH-C4基因突变(L178X)对LDH-C4功能的影响,在已构建的LDH-C4原核表达载体pET-28a(+)-hLDHC的基础上,利用PCR定点诱变技术,制备了L178X突变体的原核表达载体pET-28a(+)-hLDHC/L178X,将其转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)plysS,诱导其表达.对该载体进行限制性酶切表明,插入的LDHC基因cDNA约1000bp;序列分析表明,该插入片段读框正确,带L178X突变.SDS-PAGE及免疫印迹显示,携带该载体的菌体可表达分子量约25kD的蛋白质,后者可被兔抗LDH-C4血清特异识别.乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性测定及活性染色表明,所表达的产物没有LDH活性.本研究成功进行了LDH-C4的1个突变体的原核表达,为研究LDHC基因突变对LDH-C4功能以及男性生育的影响奠定了基础.     

Compression or tension? The stress distribution in the proximal femur

Background  

Questions regarding the distribution of stress in the proximal human femur have never been adequately resolved. Traditionally, by considering the femur in isolation, it has been believed that the effect of body weight on the projecting neck and head places the superior aspect of the neck in tension. A minority view has proposed that this region is in compression because of muscular forces pulling the femur into the pelvis. Little has been done to study stress distributions in the proximal femur. We hypothesise that under physiological loading the majority of the proximal femur is in compression and that the internal trabecular structure functions as an arch, transferring compressive stresses to the femoral shaft.     

Chemosensory proteins of Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae)

We describe a family of proteins abundantly expressed in the chemoreception sensory organs, the antennae and legs, of the desert locust, Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera, Acrididae). Using polymerase chain reaction-based approaches and homology screenings, "OS-D"-like proteins were identified in L. migratoria. The different sub-types (LmigOS-Ds) are very similar to each other and share about 50-70% identity with OS-Ds from Drosophila melanogaster and Periplaneta americana. A similar degree of identity was also observed with moth OS-Ds. Northern blot analysis revealed a strong expression of the LmigOS-Ds in the antennae and legs, suggesting their involvement in chemosensory processes. Despite the lack of direct evidence for their role in chemosensation, LmigOS-Ds and their homologs seem to constitute a large protein family, characterized by a striking abundance and diversity among insect chemosensory organs.     

Bacterial diversity in three distinct sub-habitats within the pitchers of the northern pitcher plant, Sarracenia purpurea

Pitcher plants have been widely used in ecological studies of food webs; however, their bacterial communities are poorly characterized. Pitchers of Sarracenia purpurea contain several distinct sub-habitats, namely the bottom sediment, the liquid, and the internal pitcher wall. We hypothesized that those three sub-habitats within pitcher plants are inhabited by distinct bacterial populations. We used denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to characterize bacterial populations in pitchers from three bogs. DGGE and sequencing revealed that in any given pitcher, the three sub-habitats contain significantly different bacterial populations. However, there was significant variability between bacterial populations inhabiting the same type of habitat in different pitchers, even at the same site. Therefore, no consistent set of bacterial populations was enriched in any of the three sub-habitats. All sub-habitats appeared to be dominated by alpha- and betaproteobacteria in differing proportions. In addition, sequences from the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were obtained from all three sub-habitats. We conclude that container aquatic habitats such as the pitchers of S.?purpurea possess a very high bacterial diversity, with many unique bacterial populations enriched in individual pitchers. Within an individual pitcher, populations of certain bacterial families may be enriched in one of the three studied sub-habitats.