Pyruvate and glucose transport through the erythrocyte membranes and the role of spectrin in these processes

Effect of antibody to peripheral protein spectrin and antibody to integral protein of band 3 on kinetic parameters of pyruvate and glucose transport in the pink erythrocyte ghosts has been studied. It is shown that spectrin structure reorganization induced by the antibody to this protein has different effect on pyruvate and glucose transport parameters. Band 3 protein modification with the help of the antibody to this protein changes pyruvate transport parameters, while glucose transport is not changed. The data obtained show that facilitated diffusion of glucose and anions in the erythrocyte membrane is carried out by different carriers, the action of these carriers essentially depending on the structure state of spectrin.     

A study of various properties of beta-galactocerebrosidase from human chorion using synthetic fluorescent substrates

The properties of beta-galactocerebrosidase from human chorionic villi, cultured chorionic villi and cultured skin fibroblasts were compared, using 6-hexadecanoylamino-4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside (HMGaL) as substrate. The effects of bile salt and Triton X-100 on beta-galactocerebrosidase were examined. It was shown that optimization of the HMGaL assay system requires the presence of pure sodium taurocholate and Triton X-100 at concentrations of 4.5 mM and 0.28 mM, respectively. The optimal pH value was found to be equal to 4.5-5.0; Km for the substrate was 0.03 mM. A comparison of beta-galactocerebrosidase from chorionic villi and cultured chorionic villi with the enzyme from skin fibroblasts revealed the similarity of some properties of these enzymes. The experimental results suggest that HMGaL can be used as a substrate for the identification of chorionic villi beta-galactocerebrosidase in an early prenatal diagnosis of Krabbe's disease.     

Immobilization of phosphorylase B and study of its enzymatic and immunological properties]

The properties of phosphorylase B (PhB) immobilized on an agar derivative were studied. It was shown that the enzyme activity makes up to 15-20% as compared to that of the soluble enzyme, the Km value for glucose-1-phosphate is increased 1.5-fold and the pH optimum remains unchanged, whereas the thermostability of enzyme shows a considerable increase. PhB immobilized on a highly activated sorbent completely losses its enzymatic activity but retains its antigenic properties and binds 1.6-2 mol antibodies (per monomer). Using immunosorbents, purified antibodies homogeneous during electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel were isolated. The immunosorbent capacity is 500-800 mg of antibodies per 1 g of dry weight. The purified antibodies are characterized by a lower inhibitory power upon interaction with soluble PhB. The type of inhibition of both immobilized and soluble enzyme is similar. It is assumed that immobilization produces conformational changes only at the active site of enzyme, which is spatially separated from the antibody binding site.     

Medico-genetic characteristics of the Udegey in the Maritime Territory

The results of medico-genetical investigation of Udegey population of Primorski territory were described. These studies were carried out by Moscow Institute of Medical Genetics. Marriage structure of population investigated was studied which demonstrated a low level of inbreeding and high frequency of intranational marriages. The structure of population morbidity was characterized by the absence of accumulation of specific hereditary pathology. Data obtained are of great interest for comparative analysis of populations of a different marriage structure.