中国家蚕抗菌肽基因CBM1全长cDNA序列测定及其基因结构分析

用大肠杆菌感染中国家蚕（Bombyx mori）蛹,从中提取总RNA,用RT-PCR方法获得蚕抗菌肽基因CBM1 cDNA部分片段并克隆测序,以此蚕抗菌肽基因CBM1的部分片段,设计特异性引物,用3’、5’RACE的方法,获得蚕抗菌肽基因CBM1 cDNA的全长序列;用PCR的方法,从中国家蚕蛹基因组DNA获得抗菌肽CBM1基因的700bp、1100bp左右的2个片段,初步证实中国家蚕抗菌肽基因在单倍体染色体中至少存在2个拷贝。     

兽类头骨测量标准Ⅱ:奇蹄目、偶蹄目、食肉目

介绍了奇蹄目(Perissodactyla)、偶蹄目(Artiodactyla)和食肉目(Carnivor)各类群特有的量度及测量方法。     

北京雾灵山自然保护区冬季鸟类物种多样性调查

采用固定调查样线法连续两年对北京雾灵山自然保护区冬季鸟类组成进行了调查,共记录鸟类7目14科44种,其中29种属于留鸟,5种为冬候鸟,7种旅鸟,3种夏候鸟;优势种以留鸟为主,表现出冬季鸟类群落的特点。古北界和东洋界的种类分别为75％和14％,在分布型上划分为7种类型。出现种类最多的生态环境是村落,鸟类种数为31种,其植被类型是低山砾石、农田林果带。调查种类中有国家一级保护鸟类1种,二级保护鸟类6种,北京市重点保护鸟类6种。通过与邻近地区相关调查比较,表明本区冬季鸟类具有较高的丰富性,并提出了有效保护鸟类多样性的对策。     

长寿老人源双歧杆菌优良菌株的筛选

以人结肠腺癌细胞系HT-29细胞为试材,对来源于广西巴马百岁以上长寿老人肠道的24株双歧杆菌进行了体外黏附试验。结果发现,双歧杆菌均具有一定的黏附能力,其中TTF、Z2、TZ5和J-1菌株具有较高的黏附能力。进一步对4株初筛双歧杆菌耐胃酸、胆汁酸和合成B族维生素能力的试验发现,双歧杆菌TTF菌株不仅能合成较高的B1、B2、B6、B12等多种B族维生素,而且在pH3．0的条件下处理120min存活率达93．11％,同时在2％胆盐浓度下处理24h有较好的存活,具有显著的综合优势。     

差异显示技术及其研究进展

差异显示技术是分离差异表达基因的重要方法与手段,同其它研究基因差异表达的方法如RDA,SSH,SAGE相比,差异显示技术是其中使用频率较高的方法。该技术自1992年创立以来,经过各国研究者不断完善与改进,现已大大克服以往诸多不足,扩大了应用领域。本文就差异显示技术的原理及主要优缺点作以简要概述,并着重就引物设计、降低假阳性、鉴定差异表达基因及差异显示技术的衍生技术这4个方面的研究进展作以详尽介绍。     

Diaphragm adaptations in patients with COPD

Inspiratory muscle weakness in patients with COPD is of major clinical relevance. For instance, maximum inspiratory pressure generation is an independent determinant of survival in severe COPD. Traditionally, inspiratory muscle weakness has been ascribed to hyperinflation-induced diaphragm shortening. However, more recently, invasive evaluation of diaphragm contractile function, structure, and biochemistry demonstrated that cellular and molecular alterations occur, of which several can be considered pathologic of nature. Whereas the fiber type shift towards oxidative type I fibers in COPD diaphragm is regarded beneficial, rendering the overloaded diaphragm more resistant to fatigue, the reduction of diaphragm fiber force generation in vitro likely contributes to diaphragm weakness. The reduced diaphragm force generation at single fiber level is associated with loss of myosin content in these fibers. Moreover, the diaphragm in COPD is exposed to oxidative stress and sarcomeric injury. This review postulates that the oxidative stress and sarcomeric injury activate proteolytic machinery, leading to contractile protein wasting and, consequently, loss of force generating capacity of diaphragm fibers in patients with COPD. Interestingly, several of these presumed pathologic alterations are already present early in the course of the disease (GOLD I/II), although these patients appear not limited in their daily life activities. Treatment of diaphragm dysfunction in COPD is complex since its etiology is unclear, but recent findings indicate the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway as a prime target to attenuate diaphragm wasting in COPD.     

Polymorphism,genetic exchange and intragenic recombination of the aureolysin gene among <Emphasis Type="Italic">Staphylococcus aureus</Emphasis>strains

Background  

Staphylococcus aureus expresses several proteases, which are thought to contribute to the virulence of this bacterium. Here we focus on aureolysin, the major thermolysin-like metalloprotease. Despite the importance of aureolysin in the physiology and pathogenesis of S. aureus, relatively little information was so far available concerning the aur gene diversity and mobility within and between the major subdivisions of the S. aureus population. Therefore, an epidemiologically and genetically diverse collection of S. aureus strains was used to determine the range of aureolysin (aur) gene polymorphism.     

美绥螨属一新种(蜱螨亚纲,美绥螨科)

记述美绥螨科Ameroseiidae美绥螨属Ameroseius Berlese,19031新种,青海美绥螨Ameroseius qinghaiensis sp.nov.,新种与曲美绥螨Ameroseius curvatus Gu,Wang et Bai,1989近似,但有明显区别。模式标本采自青海省湟中县总寨乡褐家鼠Rattus norvegicus和长尾仓鼠Cricetulus longicaudatus体上,保存于青海省地方病预防控制所。