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21.
V. Korzun A. Börner G. Melz 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1996,92(8):1073-1077
An F2 population was established for mapping the two dominant genes for dwarfness (Ddw1) and hairy peduncle (Hp) on chromosome 5R. The location of both genes was shown to be on the segment of chromosome 5RL which was ancestrally translocated and is homoeologous to Triticeae 4L. Hp cosegregated with the wheat gDNA probe WG199, localised in wheat on chromosomes 5AL, 4BL and 4DL. No segregation was observed between the traits hairy peduncle and hairy leaf sheath. The locus for Ddw1 was found to map distally to Hp/Xwg199 but proximal to the isozyme marker -amy-R1. The genetical distances were 5.6 cM between Hp/Xwg199 and Ddw1 and ll.ScM between Ddw1 and -amy-R1, respectively. The map position of Ddw1 suggests that it is homoeologous to the wheat dominant dwarfing gene Rht12, present on chromosome 5AL and linked to -amy-A1. 相似文献
22.
Sonja Kollers Bernd Rodemann Jie Ling Viktor Korzun Erhard Ebmeyer Odile Argillier Maike Hinze J?rg Plieske Dagmar Kulosa Martin W. Ganal Marion S. R?der 《PloS one》2013,8(2)
A total of 358 recent European winter wheat varieties plus 14 spring wheat varieties were evaluated for resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium culmorum in four separate environments. The FHB scores based on FHB incidence (Type I resistance)×FHB severity (Type II resistance) indicated a wide phenotypic variation of the varieties with BLUE (best linear unbiased estimation) values ranging from 0.07 to 33.67. Genotyping with 732 microsatellite markers resulted in 782 loci of which 620 were placed on the ITMI map. The resulting average marker distance of 6.8 cM allowed genome wide association mapping employing a mixed model. Though no clear population structure was discovered, a kinship matrix was used for stratification. A total of 794 significant (−log10(p)-value≥3.0) associations between SSR-loci and environment-specific FHB scores or BLUE values were detected, which included 323 SSR alleles. For FHB incidence and FHB severity a total of 861 and 877 individual marker-trait associations (MTA) were detected, respectively. Associations for both traits co-located with FHB score in most cases. Consistent associations detected in three or more environments were found on all chromosomes except chromosome 6B, and with the highest number of MTA on chromosome 5B. The dependence of the number of favourable and unfavourable alleles within a variety to the respective FHB scores indicated an additive effect of favourable and unfavourable alleles, i.e. genotypes with more favourable or less unfavourable alleles tended to show greater resistance to FHB. Assessment of a marker specific for the dwarfing gene Rht-D1 resulted in strong effects. The results provide a prerequisite for designing genome wide breeding strategies for FHB resistance. 相似文献
23.
A genetic linkage map of rye (Secale cereale L.) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
V. Korzun S. Malyshev N. Kartel T. Westermann W. E. Weber A. Börner 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,96(2):203-208
A genetic linkage map of rye composed of 91 loci (88 RFLP, two morphological and one isozyme markers) has been developed
using two reciprocal crosses. The RFLP loci covering all seven chromosomes were detected by a selection of rye, wheat, barley
and oat cDNA and genomic DNA probes. The level of polymorphism was dependent on the source of the clones, with a ranking of
rye>wheat>barley>oat. Distorted segregations were detected in linkage groups of chromosomes 1R, 4R, 5R and 7R. When the recombination
of the two reciprocal crosses was compared, no systematic increase or decrease in one or the other direction was observed
suggesting that a combination of populations of reciprocal crosses is possible.
Received: 5 August 1997/Accepted: 2 September 1997 相似文献
24.
R. A. Pickering S. Malyshev G. Künzel P. A. Johnston V. Korzun M. Menke I. Schubert 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,100(1):27-31
Several disease-resistant recombinants between barley (Hordeum vulgare) and bulbous barley grass (H. bulbosum) have been obtained in recent years, but the process of characterization is often laborious and time-consuming. In order
to improve the identification and chromosomal location of introgressed chromatin from H. bulbosum into the barley genome, we employed sequential genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization
(FISH). GISH enabled us to establish that an introgression was present in the disease-resistant recombinant line, and the
subsequent use of FISH, with a short oligonucleotide sequence as probe, allowed us to locate the introgression on the long
arm of barley chromosome 2H. These data were confirmed using RFLP probes that hybridize to barley chromosome 2HL.
Received: 16 December 1998 / Accepted: 12 April 1999 相似文献
25.
Miedaner T Wilde F Steiner B Buerstmayr H Korzun V Ebmeyer E 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2006,112(3):562-569
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease in wheat that reduces grain yield, grain quality and contaminates the harvest
with deoxynivalenol (DON). As potent resistance sources Sumai 3 and its descendants from China and Frontana from Brazil had
been analysed by quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. We introgressed and stacked two donor QTL from CM82036 (Sumai 3/Thornbird)
located on chromosomes 3B and 5A and one donor QTL from Frontana on chromosome 3A in elite European spring wheat and estimated
the effects of the three individual donor QTL and their four combinations on DON, Fusarium exoantigen content, and FHB rating adjusted to heading date. One class with the susceptible QTL alleles served as control.
Each of the eight QTL classes was represented by 12–15 F3-derived lines tested in F5 generation as bulked progeny possessing the respective marker alleles homozygously. Traits were evaluated in a field experiment
across four locations with spray inoculation of Fusarium culmorum. All three individual donor-QTL alleles significantly reduced DON content and FHB severity compared to the marker class with
no donor QTL. The only exception was the donor-QTL allele 3A that had a low, but non-significant effect on FHB severity. The
highest effect had the stacked donor-QTL alleles 3B and 5A for both traits. They jointly reduced DON content by 78% and FHB
rating by 55% compared to the susceptible QTL class. Analysis of Fusarium exoantigen content illustrates that lower disease severity is associated with less mycelium content in the grain. In conclusion,
QTL from non-adapted sources could be verified in a genetic background of German elite spring wheat. Within the QTL classes
significant (P<0.05) genotypic differences were found among the individual genotypes. An additional phenotypic selection would, therefore,
be advantageous after performing a marker-based selection. 相似文献
26.
E. Salina A. Börner I. Leonova V. Korzun L. Laikova O. Maystrenko M. S. Röder 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,100(5):686-689
The S1, S2 and S3 genes of the induced sphaerococcoid mutation in common wheat (Triticum aestivum) were mapped using three different F2 populations consisting of 71–96 individual plants. Twenty-four microsatellite markers from homeologous group 3 of T. aestivum were used to map the S1, S2 and S3 genes on chromosomes 3D, 3B and 3A, respectively. The S1 locus was found to be closely linked to the centromeric marker Xgwm456 of the long arm (2.9 cM) and mapped not far (8.0 cM) from the Xgdm72 marker of the short arm of chromosome 3D. The S2 gene was tightly linked to 2 centromeric markers (Xgwm566, Xgwm845) of chromosome 3B. S3 was located between Xgwm2 (5.1 cM), the marker of the short arm, and Xgwm720 (6.6 cM), the marker of the long arm, both of chromosome 3A. Mapping the S1, S2 and S3 loci of the induced sphaerococcoid mutation near the centromeric regions supports the hypothesis that the sphaerococcum type
may be due to gene duplication resulting from DNA recombination in the centromeric region.
Received: 20 June 1999 / Accepted: 29 July 1999 相似文献
27.
Pavel Pugach Gabriel Ozorowski Albert Cupo Rajesh Ringe Anila Yasmeen Natalia de Val Ronald Derking Helen J. Kim Jacob Korzun Michael Golabek Kevin de los Reyes Thomas J. Ketas Jean-Philippe Julien Dennis R. Burton Ian A. Wilson Rogier W. Sanders P. J. Klasse Andrew B. Ward John P. Moore 《Journal of virology》2015,89(6):3380-3395
28.
Helmy M. Youssef Ravi Koppolu Twan Rutten Viktor Korzun Patrick Schweizer Thorsten Schnurbusch 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2014,127(5):1123-1131
Key message
The recessive labile locus mapped on chromosome 5HL causes irregular spikelet fertility and controls floret development as well as row-type in barley.Abstract
The labile-barley displays a variable number of fertile spikelets at each rachis internode (0–3 fertile spikelets/rachis internode) which is intermediate between that observed in two- or six-rowed types. Previous re-sequencing of Vrs1 in 219 labile-barley (Hordeum vulgare L. convar. labile) accessions showed that all carried a six-rowed specific allele. We therefore hypothesized that this seemingly random reduction in spikelet fertility is most likely caused by the labile (lab) locus, which we aimed to phenotypically and genetically define. Here, we report a detailed phenotypic analysis of spikelet fertility in labile-barleys in comparison to two- and six-rowed genotypes using scanning electron microscopy analysis. We found that the first visible morphological deviation occurred during the stamen primordium stage, when we regularly observed the appearance of arrested central floral primordia in labile but not in two- or six-rowed barleys. At late stamen and early awn primordium stages, lateral florets in two-rowed and only some in labile-barley showed retarded development and reduction in size compared with fully fertile lateral florets in six-rowed barley. We used two F2 mapping populations to generate whole genome genetic linkage maps and ultimately locate the lab locus as a recessive Mendelian trait to a 4.5–5.8 cM interval at approximately 80 cM on chromosome 5HL. Our results will help identifying the role of the lab gene in relation to other spikelet fertility factors in barley. 相似文献29.
Genetic and physical mapping of homoeologous recombination points involving wheat chromosome 2B and rye chromosome 2R. 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Wide hybrids have been used in generating genetic maps of many plant species. In this study, genetic and physical mapping was performed on ph1b-induced recombinants of rye chromosome 2R in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). All recombinants were single breakpoint translocations. Recombination 2RS-2BS was absent from the terminal and the pericentric regions and was distributed randomly along an intercalary segment covering approximately 65% of the arm's length. Such a distribution probably resulted from structural differences at the telomeres of 2RS and wheat 2BS arm that disrupted telomeric initiation of pairing. Recombination 2RL-2BL was confined to the terminal 25% of the arm's length. A genetic map of homoeologous recombination 2R-2B was generated using relative recombination frequencies and aligned with maps of chromosomes 2B and 2R based on homologous recombination. The alignment of the short arms showed a shift of homoeologous recombination toward the centromere. On the long arms, the distribution of homoeologous recombination was the same as that of homologous recombination in the distal halves of the maps, but the absence of multiple crossovers in homoeologous recombination eliminated the proximal half of the map. The results confirm that homoeologous recombination in wheat is based on single exchanges per arm, indicate that the distribution of these single homoeologous exchanges is similar to the distribution of the first (distal) crossovers in homologues, and suggest that successive crossovers in an arm generate specific portions of genetic maps. A difference in the distribution of recombination between the short and long arms indicates that the distal crossover localization in wheat is not dictated by a restricted distribution of DNA sequences capable of recombination but by the pattern of pairing initiation, and that can be affected by structural differences. Restriction of homoeologous recombination to single crossovers in the distal part of the genetic map complicates chromosome engineering efforts targeting genes in the proximal map regions. 相似文献
30.
Oxana Dobrovolskaya Petr Martinek Anatoly V. Voylokov Viktor Korzun Marion S. Röder Andreas Börner 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,119(5):867-874
The wheat and rye spike normally bears one spikelet per rachis node, and the appearance of supernumerary spikelets is rare.
The loci responsible for the ‘multirow spike’ or MRS trait in wheat, and the ‘monstrosum spike’ trait in rye were mapped by
genotyping F2 populations with microsatellite markers. Both MRS and the ‘monstrosum’ trait are under the control of a recessive allele
at a single locus. The Mrs1 locus is located on chromosome 2DS, co-segregating with the microsatellite locus Xwmc453. The placement of flanking microsatellite loci into chromosome deletion bin 2DS-5 (FL 0.47–1.0) delimited the physical location
of Mrs1 to the distal half of chromosome arm 2DS, within the gene rich region 2S0.8. The Mo1 locus maps about 10 cM from the centromere on chromosome arm 2RS. The similar effect on phenotype of mo1 and mrs1, together with their presence in regions of conserved synteny, suggest that they may well be members of an orthologous set
of Triticeae genes governing spike branching. The practical importance of the MRS spike is that it produces more spikelets per spike,
and thereby enhances the sink capacity of wheat, which is believed to limit the yield potential of the crop. 相似文献