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31.
Growth and lipogenesis of fungus Mucor lusitanicus 306 D producing gamma-linolenic acid was studied under various regimes of nitrogen and carbon nutrition. Media containing food industry wastes such as maize extract, molasses, and protein hydrolysate were used. Content of gamma-linolenic acid was higher when using carbohydrates such as glucose and molasses as carbon sources and urea as a nitrogen source. At high glucose concentration (100 g/l), fed batch cultivation provided high content of gamma-linolenic acid in lipids (1 g/l). After extraction of lipids, fungus biomass contained 42% proteins with all essential amino acids. Defatted biomass was shown to be effectively assimilated by minks. 相似文献
32.
By means of dye L7012, the number and physiological condition (damage rate of membranes) of bacterial cells is defined. The
results testify to considerable physiological heterogeneity of bacteria cells in soils. In fresh samples of soil, the percentage
of intact cells reached 60–70%. Damaged membranes occurred in 30–40% of cells. The number of damaged cells dramatically increased
downwards through the soil profile. Drying and freezing of soil samples considerably reduced the quantity of intact cells
and increased the percentage of cells with damaged membranes; the number of intact cells was 10–20%. Treatment with biocide
agents resulted in lysis of the majority of cells and cells injuries. However, some of the cells kept an intact cellular membrane,
which testifies to the high stability of bacteria in soil. These data allow us to offer a method of staining a soil suspension
with the use of luminescent dye L7012 with the quality of an express method that gives the chance to monitor the number and
physiological condition of the bacterial complex of soils. 相似文献
33.
34.
The synthesis of bioactive lipids in three species of lower mycelial fungi of the genus Pilaira, the family Pilobolaceae, has been studied. The pigmentation of these fungi was found to be determined by the presence of beta-carotene in amounts of 14.8 (P. moreaui), 115.7 (P. caucasica), and 312.9 (P. anomala) microg/g. The fatty acid profiles of the fungi, which are distinguished by the presence of up to 50% essential fatty acids, is typical of zygomycetes of the order Mucorales. The fungi grown in submerged cultures showed a correlation of the unsaturation indices of their fatty acids and the contents of beta-carotene. 相似文献
35.
Background
Cancer and other disorders are due to genomic lesions. SNP-microarrays are able to measure simultaneously both genotype and copy number (CN) at several Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) along the genome. CN is defined as the number of DNA copies, and the normal is two, since we have two copies of each chromosome. The genotype of a SNP is the status given by the nucleotides (alleles) which are present on the two copies of DNA. It is defined homozygous or heterozygous if the two alleles are the same or if they differ, respectively. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is the loss of the heterozygous status due to genomic events. 相似文献36.
Background
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (Eukaryota, Fungi, Ascomycota) is a thermodimorphic fungus, the etiological agent of paracoccidioidomycosis, the most important systemic mycoses in Latin America. Three isolates corresponding to distinct phylogenetic lineages of the Paracoccidioides species complex had their genomes sequenced. In this study the identification and characterization of class II transposable elements in the genomes of these fungi was carried out.Results
A genomic survey for DNA transposons in the sequence assemblies of Paracoccidioides, a genus recently proposed to encompass species P. brasiliensis (harboring phylogenetic lineages S1, PS2, PS3) and P. lutzii (Pb01-like isolates), has been completed. Eight new Tc1/mariner families, referred to as Trem (Tr ansposable e lement m ariner), labeled A through H were identified. Elements from each family have 65-80% sequence similarity with other Tc1/mariner elements. They are flanked by 2-bp TA target site duplications and different termini. Encoded DDD-transposases, some of which have complete ORFs, indicated that they could be functionally active. The distribution of Trem elements varied between the genomic sequences characterized as belonging to P. brasiliensis (S1 and PS2) and P. lutzii. TremC and H elements would have been present in a hypothetical ancestor common to P. brasiliensis and P. lutzii, while TremA, B and F elements were either acquired by P. brasiliensis or lost by P. lutzii after speciation. Although TremD and TremE share about 70% similarity, they are specific to P. brasiliensis and P. lutzii, respectively. This suggests that these elements could either have been present in a hypothetical common ancestor and have evolved divergently after the split between P. brasiliensis and P. Lutzii, or have been independently acquired by horizontal transfer.Conclusions
New families of Tc1/mariner DNA transposons in the genomic assemblies of the Paracoccidioides species complex are described. Families were distinguished based on significant BLAST identities between transposases and/or TIRs. The expansion of Trem in a putative ancestor common to the species P. brasiliensis and P. lutzii would have given origin to TremC and TremH, while other elements could have been acquired or lost after speciation had occurred. The results may contribute to our understanding of the organization and architecture of genomes in the genus Paracoccidioides. 相似文献37.
SE?Aleshin AV?Timofeev MV?Khoretonenko LG?Zakharova GV?Pashvykina JR?Stephenson AM?Shneider AD?AltsteinEmail author 《BMC microbiology》2005,5(1):45
Background
Heterologous prime-boost immunization protocols using different gene expression systems have proven to be successful tools in protecting against various diseases in experimental animal models. The main reason for using this approach is to exploit the ability of expression cassettes to prime or boost the immune system in different ways during vaccination procedures. The purpose of the project was to study the ability of recombinant vaccinia virus (VV) and bacterial plasmid, both carrying the NS1 gene from tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus under the control of different promoters, to protect mice against lethal challenge using a heterologous prime-boost vaccination protocol. 相似文献38.
The composition of fatty acids synthesized de novo by thirty strains of zygomycetes from various taxa was studied. The qualitative fatty acid compositions of the fungal lipids were found to be virtually identical, but there were significant differences in the contents of individual acids. Highly active producers of essential C18 fatty acids, with their content exceeding 30-40% of total fatty acids, were discovered among the fungi of the families Mucoraceae, Pilobolaceae, and Radiomycetaceae. Linoleic acid was found to predominate in the fungi of the genera Radiomyces, Mycotypha, and Circinella, and linolenic acid (identified as its gamma-isomer by gas-liquid chromatography), in the fungi of the genera Absidia, Circinella, Pilaira, and Hesseltinella. The total yield (mg/l) of bioactive acids (C18:3, C18:2, C18:1) varied from 761.4 in Pilaira anomala to 3477.9 in Syncephalastrum racemosum; the total yield of essential acids, from 520.7 in Pilaira anomala to 1154.5 in Hesseltinella vesiculosa; of linoleic acid, from 279.7 in Pilaira anomala to 836.3 in Mycotypha indica; and of linolenic acid, from 120.8 in Mycotypha indica to 708.0 in Hesseltinella vesiculosa. The data on the efficient synthesis of these acids make the actively producing strains promising for biotechnological synthesis of commercially valuable lipids. Linderina pennispora VKM F-1219, a zygomycete of the family Kickxellaceae, which was earlier singled out into the order Kickxellales [12], was shown to differ from zygomycetes of the order Mucorales in having a high content of cis-9-hexadecenoic (palmitoleic) acid, reaching 37.0% of the fatty acid total. 相似文献
39.
Comparative investigation of lipogenesis in 2 initial and 4 mutant strains of Penicillium chrysogenum showed that there were no noticeable differences in the composition of the lipid fatty acids in these strains. Certain shifts in the ratio of definite lipid fatty acids in the mutant strain deficient by synthesis of lysine and isoleucine (increased contents of oleic acid) were revealed. A marked influence of the physiological conditions on lipogenesis in the mutant with multiple deficiency by amino acids, vitamins and nucleotides was observed. 相似文献
40.
Evgeniya Y. Yuzbasheva Elizaveta B. Mostova Natalia I. Andreeva Tigran V. Yuzbashev Alexander S. Fedorov Irina A. Konova Sergey P. Sineoky 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》2018,115(2):433-443