营养胁迫下球形棕囊藻(Phaeocystis globosa Scherffel)的生长行为及溶血活性

近年来,我国广东沿海连续出现大面积球形棕囊藻(Phaeocystis globosaScherffel)赤潮,产生溶血毒素等有害物质,给当地的海洋养殖业造成重大的经济损失。研究不同的生长时期及半连续培养时不同营养盐胁迫下,球形棕囊藻溶血毒素的产生行为。结果显示,批量培养的球形棕囊藻处于生长平稳期末时,溶血活性最大((21±1)units/L);半连续培养时,营养盐限制对球形棕囊藻的生长有明显的抑制作用,其中Fe3 及N盐限制影响最为明显。同时,营养盐限制也可促进棕囊藻溶血毒素的合成,其中Fe3 和-Mn2 的限制性时球形棕囊藻溶血活性显著增强。这些结果表明,球形棕囊藻溶血毒素的产生与藻细胞的生长可能受不同机制的调节,溶血毒素的合成可能是环境胁迫下棕囊藻维持生存的一种策略。     

Association between the gene encoding 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein and stroke replicated in a Scottish population

Cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke, most often occur on the background of atherosclerosis, a condition attributed to the interactions between multiple genetic and environmental risk factors. We recently reported a linkage and association study of MI and stroke that yielded a genetic variant, HapA, in the gene encoding 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (ALOX5AP), that associates with both diseases in Iceland. We also described another ALOX5AP variant, HapB, that associates with MI in England. To further assess the contribution of the ALOX5AP variants to cardiovascular diseases in a population outside Iceland, we genotyped seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms that define both HapA and HapB from 450 patients with ischemic stroke and 710 controls from Aberdeenshire, Scotland. The Icelandic at-risk haplotype, HapA, had significantly greater frequency in Scottish patients than in controls. The carrier frequency in patients and controls was 33.4% and 26.4%, respectively, which resulted in a relative risk of 1.36, under the assumption of a multiplicative model (P=.007). We did not detect association between HapB and ischemic stroke in the Scottish cohort. However, we observed that HapB was overrepresented in male patients. This replication of haplotype association with stroke in a population outside Iceland further supports a role for ALOX5AP in cardiovascular diseases.     

盐生植物星星草叶表皮具有泌盐功能的蜡质层

利用扫描电镜和 X射线电子探针研究了星星草 (Puccinellia tenuiflora)的叶表皮及其与生境高盐的关系。结果表明 ,叶表皮由表皮细胞和气孔器组成 ,下表皮气孔器多于上表皮 ,且常下陷 ,表皮具表皮毛。表皮细胞外存在丰富的蜡质纹饰和蜡质颗粒 ,这些蜡质包含盐离子 ,具有泌盐的功能。这些特征表明星星草受外界生态因素的影响 ,而演化出具有泌盐功能的蜡质层来适应所生长的高盐生境     

藏猪小肠形态、消化酶及微生物多样性研究

[目的]肠道是动物的主要消化器官,同时也是机体抵抗外源病原菌的重要屏障,已有研究表明,动物的品种、饲养方式、生长阶段均会影响动物的肠道菌群结构,但对舍饲和放牧饲养条件下藏猪的肠道菌群结构,以及藏猪和长白、约克与杜洛克三元杂交猪(DLY猪)的肠道菌群结构是否有差异,尚未见报道.[方法]本研究选取6-7月龄的放牧藏猪、舍饲...     

油菜细胞质雄性不育系叶绿体DNA特异片段的分子克隆

采用高离子浓度缓冲液法分别提取油菜不育系及保持系的叶绿体DNA。经Sepharcse 4B柱层析纯化后,得到具有较高纯度的叶绿体DNA样品。将其分别用Eco RI、Bam HI、HimdHI、PstI和XhoI 5种限制性内切酶酶解,得到5种限制性内切酶图谱。其中除PstI图谱外,其它4种酶谱均显示出明显的两系间叶绿体DNA结构差异。以pBR 322为载体,分别克隆了不育系Bam HI图谱上的3个特异片段。得到的3个克隆,经克隆杂交及电泳分析后,证实分别带有上述3个目的片段。这些特异片段的特性及其与花粉育性的关系尚在研究中。     

Emerging roles of PDGF-D signaling pathway in tumor development and progression

Platelet-derived growth factor-D (PDGF-D) can regulate many cellular processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, transformation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. Therefore PDGF-D signaling has been considered to be important in human malignancies, and thus PDGF-D signaling may represent a novel therapeutic target, and as such suggests that the development of agents that will target PDGF-D signaling is likely to have a significant therapeutic impact on human cancers. This mini-review describes the mechanisms of signal transduction associated with PDGF-D signaling to support the role of PDGF-D in the carcinogenesis. Moreover, we summarize data on several PDGF-D inhibitors especially naturally occurring “chemopreventive agent” such an indole compound, which we believe could serve as a novel agent for the prevention of tumor progression and/or treatment of human malignancies by targeted inactivation of PDGF-D signaling.     

红花油体提取条件优化及稳定性研究

油体是储藏脂肪的亚细胞单位,其表面包裹一层磷脂和油体蛋白。这种稳定的结构可以保护油体面对环境的压力,使油体可以应用在食品、化妆品及制药工业中。研究红花油体的提取方法及红花油体乳液的基本性质,旨在为以油体为基质的载体体系研究奠定基础。以pBS为介质,采用梯度离心法,比较了不同提取条件对红花油体的提取效率的影响;对其在不同pH值、NaCl浓度条件下红花油体的平均粒径和稳定性进行测定。结果表明,红花油体在pH值≥6条件下,平均粒径为1.75-2.05μm和p H值≤6条件下,平均粒径1.50-1.75μm;NaCl浓度0.2和0.4 mg/m L时,红花油体分散较为均匀,NaCl浓度1.2和2.0 mg/m L时,红花油体出现聚集现象。蔗糖浓度0.1和0.2 mg/m L时,红花油体分散较为均匀,蔗糖浓度为0.4-1.0 mg/m L时,红花油体比较密集,随着蔗糖浓度的增加,红花油体的粒径逐渐开始不均一。红花油体的最佳提取条件是pH7,NaCl浓度0.2 mg/m L,蔗糖浓度0.1 mg/m L,稀释后的红花油体溶液在不加入保护剂或者不经过物理方法处理下,保存起来不稳定。     

Pregnane, coumarin and lupane derivatives and cytotoxic constituents from Helicteres angustifolia

2alpha,7beta,20alpha-Trihydroxy-3beta,21-dimethoxy-5-pregnene (1), 6,7,9alpha-trihydroxy-3,8,11alpha-trimethylcyclohexo-[d,e]-coumarin (2), 3beta-hydroxy-27-benzoyloxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid (3), and 3beta-hydroxy-27-benzoyloxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid methyl ester (4), along with 24 known compounds were isolated and structurally characterized from roots and aerial parts of Helicteres angustifolia (Sterculiaceae). In a preliminary bioassay, the two cucurbitacin derivatives, cucurbitacin D and J exhibited significant inhibitory activities against the growth of both hepatocellular carcinoma BEL-7402 cells and malignant melanoma SK-MEL-28 cells in vitro.     

铅在不同基因型稻米中的富集

通过环境扫描电镜结合X射线电子探针显微分析技术,对21种不同基因型水稻颖壳内、外表面以及糙米表面、糊粉层、近糊粉层和米中部Pb含量的测定结果表明,21种不同基因型稻米不同部位Pb含量的变化范围由大到小的顺序为:颖壳内表面>糊粉层>近糊粉层>糙米表面>颖壳外表面>米中部;不同基因型稻米之间对Pb的富集量存在遗传差异,这种差异体现在稻米的同一部位和不同部位之间Pb含量的差异上;不同基因型水稻米中部Pb含量与颖壳内表面、糊粉层、近糊粉层、糙米表面、颖壳外表面之间、水稻糊粉层Pb含量与颖壳内表面、近糊粉层、糙米表面、颖壳外表面、米中部之间以及颖壳内表面Pb含量与颖壳外表面、糊粉层、近糊粉层、糙米表面、米中部之间均存在极显著或显著的非线性关系。一方面反映出不同基因型稻米中部Pb的富集量均通过颖壳和糊粉层调控,即存在相同的调控机制;另一方面揭示了不同基因型稻米不同部位之间对Pb富集的相互调控能力存在差异,并且基因型间的这种差异存在非线性的变化规律。     

植物凝集素(PHA)对小鼠白细胞及血清乳酸脱氢酶同工酶的影响

本文就 PHA 在不同时间内对小鼠白细胞及血清 LDH,同工酶的影响进行了观察,结果表明,PHA 对小鼠白细胞及血清的 LDH 酶活性有一定的影响,24h,48h,72h 三个不同时间组均与对照组有显著性差异(P<0.01),其中以48h 组酶活性最强,同时淋巴细胞的酶活性明显高于粒细胞;血清同工酶谱也有明显的变化,LDH_(1-4)均低于正常(P<0.01),LDH_5明显增高(P<0.01),同时出现了 LDH_5(?)亚带.