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371.
Yvonne Kölsch Joshua Hahn Anna Sappington Manuel Stemmer António M. Fernandes Thomas O. Helmbrecht Shriya Lele Salwan Butrus Eva Laurell Irene Arnold-Ammer Karthik Shekhar Joshua R. Sanes Herwig Baier 《Neuron》2021,109(4):645-662.e9
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372.
J B Stevens B Y Abdallah G Liu C J Ye S D Horne G Wang S Savasan M Shekhar S A Krawetz M H��ttemann M A Tainsky G S Wu Y Xie K Zhang H H Q Heng 《Cell death & disease》2011,2(6):e178
Chromosome fragmentation (C-Frag) is a newly identified MCD (mitotic cell death), distinct from apoptosis and MC (mitotic catastrophe). As different molecular mechanisms can induce C-Frag, we hypothesize that the general mechanism of its induction is a system response to cellular stress. A clear link between C-Frag and diverse system stresses generated from an array of molecular mechanisms is shown. Centrosome amplification, which is also linked to diverse mechanisms of stress, is shown to occur in association with C-Frag. This led to a new model showing that diverse stresses induce common, MCD. Specifically, different cellular stresses target the integral chromosomal machinery, leading to system instability and triggering of MCD by C-Frag. This model of stress-induced cell death is also applicable to other types of cell death. The current study solves the previously confusing relationship between the diverse molecular mechanisms of chromosome pulverization, suggesting that incomplete C-Frag could serve as the initial event responsible for forms of genome chaos including chromothripsis. In addition, multiple cell death types are shown to coexist with C-Frag and it is more dominant than apoptosis at lower drug concentrations. Together, this study suggests that cell death is a diverse group of highly heterogeneous events that are linked to stress-induced system instability and evolutionary potential. 相似文献
373.
Space and time are the two fundamental drivers of ecological dynamics. Studies exploring the Stress gradient hypothesis (SGH) – which predicts that the patterns of interspecific interactions shift from negative to positive with increasing environmental severity – conceptualize environmental severity predominantly from a spatial perspective. Here, from a temporal perspective and for intraspecific interactions, we asked: do the predictions of the SGH at the intraspecific level apply to seasonal change in environmental severity? We conducted a field experiment, which was complemented by a two‐year field survey of natural populations of the non‐native biennial forb Alliaria petiolata at the Koffler Scientific Reserve, Ontario, Canada. In both experiment and field survey studies we found statistically significant negative density‐dependent survival in the productive summer period and positive density‐dependent survival over the severe winter period. Effects were stronger in the field experiment than in the survey of natural populations. We suggest that the SGH at the intraspecific level may be applicable to seasonal variation in environmental severity, though our ability to detect its effect in natural communities may depend on other factors such as species dominance and environmental heterogeneity. 相似文献
374.
Xenia Beebe Clinton M. Yeung Daria Darczak Shashank Shekhar Timothy A. Vortherms Loan Miller Ivan Milicic Andrew M. Swensen Chang Z. Zhu Patricia Banfor Jill M. Wetter Kennan C. Marsh Michael F. Jarvis Victoria E. Scott Michael R. Schrimpf Chih-Hung Lee 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2013,23(17):4857-4861
A novel series of N-type calcium channel inhibitors have been discovered. Optimization of potency and HT-ADME properties provides 4-aminocyclopentapyrrolidines with analgesic efficacy after oral dosing. 相似文献
375.
Chandra Shekhar K. Mayanil Najma Z. Baquer 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》1983,757(2):151-155
Increasing concentrations of dopamine fail to give a biphasic response to (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity in various subcellular fractions of rat brain preincubated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors, viz. 1·10?4 M clorgyline and 1·10?4 M deprenyl. The product of the monoamine-oxidase-catalysed reaction with dopamine as substrate is 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde. An analogue of this product is 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. This analogue, when incubated with the subcellular fractions which had been preincubated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors and dopamine, gave a more pronounced biphasic response to (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity than that observed in the fractions incubated with dopamine alone. 相似文献
376.
In this communication we report shoot organogenesis from hypocotyl explants in cumin (Cuminum cyminum) genotype RZ-19 by the use of thidiazuron (TDZ). Various levels of TDZ were incorporated in MS basal medium to induce regeneration. Regeneration was achieved with a frequency up to 30% on 0.5 and 0.1 mg l?1 concentration of TDZ. Shoots once produced could be multiplied on 0.5 mg l?1 kinetin (KN) at the rate of approximately 8 shoots per regenerated shoot. These multiplied shoots could go through 3–4 multiplication cycles after which they root on 1.0 mg l?1 IAA. 相似文献