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211.
Killer immunoglobulin‐like receptor repertoire analysis in a Caucasian Spanish cohort with inflammatory bowel disease
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Ruth López‐Hernández Jose A. Campillo Isabel Legaz Mariano Valdés Hortensia Salama Francisco Boix AM Hernández‐Martínez Jorge Eguia G González‐Martínez Maria R. Moya‐Quiles Alfredo Minguela Ana García‐Alonso Fernando Carballo Manuel Muro 《Microbiology and immunology》2016,60(11):787-792
Immunological molecules are implicated in inflammatory disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; Crohn disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC]). Killer cell immunoglobulin‐like receptors (KIRs) are also genetically variable proteins involved in immune function. They are expressed by NK cells and certain T lymphocytes, regulate specificity and function by interaction with HLA Class I molecules, may be either inhibitory or activating and are polymorphic both in terms of alleles and haplotype gene content. Genetic associations between activating KIRs and certain autoimmune and inflammatory diseases have been reported; however, a possible association between KIR and IBD remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between KIR repertoire and IBD pathologies in a Spanish cohort. KIR variability was analyzed using PCR–sequence specific oligonucleotide probes (SSOP). Inhibitory KIR2DL5 was found more frequently in UC and IBD patient groups than in healthy controls (P = 0.028 and P = 0.01, respectively), as was activating KIR2DS1 (P = 0.02, Pc > 0.05, UC vs. Controls; P = 0.001, Pc = 0.01, IBD vs Controls; P = 0.01, Pc > 0.05, Controls vs CR), KIR2DS5 (P = 0.0028, Pc = 0.04, Controls vs UC; P = 0.0001, Pc = 0.0017, Controls vs IBD; P = 0.01, Pc > 0.05, Controls vs CD) and KIR3DS1 (P = 0.012, Pc > 0.05, Controls vs IBD). Our data suggest that imbalance between activating and inhibitory KIR may partially explain the different pathogeneses of these IBDs and that there is a hypothetical role for the telomeric B region (which contains both KIR2DS5 and KIR2DS1) in these diseases. 相似文献
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213.
Rute ST Martins Laurence AM Deloffre Constantinos C Mylonas Deborah M Power Adelino VM Canário 《Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E》2007,5(1):19
Background
DAX1 (NR0B1), a member of the nuclear receptors super family, has been shown to be involved in the genetic sex determination and in gonadal differentiation in several vertebrate species. In the aquaculture fish European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, and in the generality of fish species, the mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation have not been elucidated. The present study aimed at characterizing the European DAX1 gene and its developmental expression at the mRNA level. 相似文献214.
Song Feng Li Olga Nicolaou Milliken Hanh Pham Reg Seyit Ross Napoli Jeremy Preston Anna M. Koltunow Roger W. Parish 《The Plant cell》2009,21(1):72-89
The Arabidopsis thaliana MYB5 gene is expressed in trichomes and seeds, including the seed coat. Constitutive expression of MYB5 resulted in the formation of more small trichomes and ectopic trichomes and a reduction in total leaf trichome numbers and branching. A myb5 mutant displayed minimal changes in trichome morphology, while a myb23 mutant produced increased numbers of small trichomes and two-branched trichomes. A myb5 myb23 double mutant developed more small rosette trichomes and two-branched trichomes than the single mutants. These results indicate that MYB5 and MYB23 regulate trichome extension and branching. The seed coat epidermal cells of myb5 and myb5 myb23 were irregular in shape, developed flattened columellae, and produced less mucilage than those of the wild type. Among the downregulated genes identified in the myb5 seeds using microarray analysis were ABE1 and ABE4 (α/β fold hydrolase/esterase genes), MYBL2, and GLABRA2. The same genes were also downregulated in transparent testa glabra1 (ttg1) seeds, suggesting that MYB5 collaborates with TTG1 in seed coat development. These genes were upregulated in leaves and roots by ectopically expressed MYB5. The MYBL2, ABE1, and ABE4 promoters were active in seeds, including seed coats, and the latter two also in trichomes. Models of the MYB5 regulatory networks involved in seed coat and trichome development are presented. 相似文献
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216.
MANO SABARATN AM 《The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology》1971,18(1):141-146
SYNOPSIS. Gregarina fernandoi n. sp. is a eugregarine. Its structure, development and life history in the gut of the cockroach Pycnoscelus surinamensis are described. It is named as a new species on the basis of its size, nuclear structure, structure and form of the gametocyst and oocyst. Observations were made on the different stages of the parasite and related to the pH of the gut. In the ceca, pH 4.5–5, the parasite was in its early stages of development, in the midgut, pH 6.5–7, it was in syzygy and in the rectum, pH 7.5–8, gametocysts were found. 相似文献
217.
Sexual and apomictic development in Hieracium 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Most members of the genus Hieracium are apomictic and set seed without fertilization, but sexual forms also exist. A cytological study was conducted on an apomictic
accession of H. aurantiacum (A3.4) and also H. piloselloides (D3) to precisely define the cellular basis for apomixis. The apomictic events were compared with the sexual events in a
self-incompatible isolate of H. pilosella (P4). All plants were maintained as vegetatively propagated lines each derived from a single plant. Sexual P4 exhibited characteristic
events of polygonum-type embryo sac formation, showed no latent apomitic tendencies, and depended upon fertilization to set
seed. In contrast, D3 and A3.4 were autonomous aposporous apomicts, forming both embryo and endosperm spontaneously inside
an unreduced embryo sac. The two apomicts exhibited distinct mechanisms, but variation was also observed within each apomictic
line. Seeds from apomicts often contained more than one embryo. A degree of developmental instability was also observed amongst
germinated seedlings and included variation in meristem and cotyledon number, altered phyllotaxis, callus formation, and seedling
fusion. In most cases abnormal seedlings developed into normal plants. Such phenomena were not observed following germination
of hybrid seeds derived from crosses between sexual P4 and the apomictic plants. The three plants can now be used in inheritance
studies and also to investigate the molecular mechanisms controlling apomixis.
Received: 11 February 1998 / Revision accepted: 23 July 1998 相似文献
218.
219.
Short repetitive sequences in green algal mitochondrial genomes: potential roles in mitochondrial genome evolution 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
Current data on green algal mitochondrial genomes suggest an unexpected
dichotomy within the group with respect to genome structure, organization,
and sequence affiliations. The present study suggests that there is a
correlation between this dichotomy on one hand and the differences in the
abundance, base composition, and distribution of short repetitive sequences
we observed among green algal mitochondrial genomes on the other. It is
conceivable that the accumulation of GC- rich short repeated sequences in
the Chlamydomonas-like but not Prototheca-like mitochondrial genomes might
have triggered evolutionary events responsible for the distinct series of
evolutionary changes undergone by the two green algal mitochondrial
lineages. The similarity in base composition, nucleotide sequence,
abundance, and mode of organization we observed between the short
repetitive sequences present in Chlamydomonas-like mitochondrial genomes on
one hand and fungal and vertebrate homologs on the other might extend to
some of the roles that the short repetitive sequences have been shown to
have in the latter. Potential involvements we propose for the short
repetitive sequences in the evolution of Chlamydomonas-like mitochondrial
genomes include fragmentation and scrambling of the ribosomal-RNA-coding
regions, extensive gene rearrangements, coding-region deletions, surrogate
origins of replication, and chromosomal linearization.
相似文献
220.
A. terreus isolates isolated from some bakery products, corn and rice were found to be able to produce territrems. 90% of theA. terreus isolated from bakery products were able to produce territrem A, with a mean of 0.09 ppm, while 80% ofA. terreus isolates produce territrem B with a mean of 0.24 ppm. On the other hand 31.8% of the isolates ofA. terreus from corn were able to produce territrem A with a mean of 0.44 ppm. ConcerningA. terreus isolates from rice, 66.7% were found to produce territrem A, with a mean of 5.28 ppm, and 77.8% of the isolates produced
territrem B with a mean of 1.79 ppm. 相似文献