DNA curvature influences the internal motions of supercoiled DNA.

We present evidence that short curved DNA segments can act as mediators for the ordering of large domains in superhelical DNA. Using a non-invasive solution method (dynamic light scattering), we investigated the effect of permanently curved inserts on the solution structure and on the internal motions of superhelical plasmid DNA. We find that the dynamics of superhelical DNA are strongly influenced by sequence- or protein-induced bending: in superhelical plasmids containing curved inserts the amplitude of the internal motion is lower than that of non-curved controls. Furthermore, the relative arrangement of curved sequences in the plasmids can influence the overall shape of the superhelical DNA. On linearized forms of the plasmids, these effects are not observed.     

云南傣族、景颇族、阿昌族PTC尝味能力的测定

用阈值法对云南德宏州的傣族、景颇族、阿昌族2327人进行了苯硫脲（PTC）味阈的测定,结果表明：不同民族尝味阈值差异高度显著（P<0.01）,不同民族的味盲率有高度显著性差异,三个民族总计,男女尝味阈值差异高度显著,味盲率差异高度显著;傣族、景颇族和阿昌族中,男女尝味阈值均有高度显著差异;傣族、景颇族的男女性别的味盲率间有高度显者性差异,阿昌族性别味盲率间无显著性差异（P<0.05）;三个民族总计,少年与成年组尝味阈值间有高度显著性差异,而味盲率间无显著性差异。傣、景二个民族不同年龄的尝味阈值间有高度显著性差异,阿昌族年龄的尝味阈值间无显著性差异;傣、景民族年龄间的味盲率无显著性差异,而阿昌族味盲率有显著性差异（0.05>P>0.01）。     

豇豆荚螟在豇豆开花结荚期的为害及虫龄结构

本文采用五点取样法调查了豇豆荚螟Maruca vitrata Fabricius在武汉地区春豇豆开花结荚期的为害情况,并分析了幼虫分布的虫龄结构。结果表明,豇豆荚螟在豇豆开花结荚期对花的危害率显著高于豆荚;百花虫量和百荚虫量最高分别为65头和15头,分别位于盛花末期和盛荚中后期。花器中1龄幼虫比例显著高于3~5龄幼虫,而荚中4龄和5龄幼虫比例显著高于1~3龄幼虫。豇豆花不同部位的虫龄结构存在显著差异,如花药中的1龄幼虫比例显著高于3~5龄幼虫;花萼中1~3龄幼虫比例显著高于4龄和5龄幼虫;而子房中各龄期幼虫分布比例不存在显著差异。花萼中各龄期幼虫的比例均显著高于花药和子房。本研究明确了豇豆荚螟幼虫在豇豆开花结荚期的为害情况及虫龄结构,对于制定该虫的科学防控策略具有重要的指导意义。     

红腹锦鸡肺的组织结构与微血管构筑

为了了解红腹锦鸡(Chroysolophus pictus)肺的微细结构和微血管构筑特征,为呼吸生物学研究提供形态学依据,用组织学方法和微血管铸型技术在光镜和扫描电镜下观察研究了红腹锦鸡肺的组织结构与微血管构筑情况。结果表明,红腹锦鸡肺主要由各级支气管构成,从三级支气管上呈辅射状分出许多呼吸毛细管(微气管),并相互吻合成网状,呼吸毛细管外面包围有丰富的毛细血管;红腹锦鸡肺毛细血管垂直围绕在各微气管外,并相互吻合成密集的立体微血管网;毛细血管管径4.5~7.0μm,微气管直径11~50μm。并对肺微血管构筑情况与呼吸效率的关系作了探讨。     

家族性双侧大结节性肾上腺增生症生物标志物的生信分析

为寻找与家族性双侧大结节性肾上腺皮质增生症发展有关的潜在治疗靶点和生物标志物。从GEO数据库中下载GSE171558数据集,筛选受家族影响的肾上腺结节与正常的肾上腺组织之间的差异表达基因(Differentially expressed genes, DEGs),并进行基因功能富集分析和蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络分析。通过Cytoscape v3.9.1软件中的插件cytoHubba筛选出关键基因,进一步经NetworkAnalyst分析TF-miRNA共调控网络和蛋白质-化合物相互作用。共鉴定出336个DEGs,这些基因主要富集在细胞粘附过程、细胞增殖的正调节过程和RNA加工过程等生物过程,并涉及钙信号通路、PI3K-Akt信号通路和cAMP信号通路等。通过cytoHubba插件获得5个hub基因,经验证分析,多功能蛋白聚糖(Versican,VCAN)、双糖链蛋白聚糖(Biglycan,BGN)被认为是家族性双侧大结节性肾上腺皮质增生症的潜在生物标志物。进一步的GSEA分析结果显示,VCAN主要与丁酸代谢、ECM-受体相互作用和类固醇生物合成等有关。BGN主要涉及剪接体、皮质醇的合...     

Diffusion-controlled intrachain reactions of supercoiled DNA: Brownian Dynamics simulations

The Brownian Dynamics technique was used to model a diffusion-controlled intramolecular reaction of supercoiled DNA (2500 basepairs) in 0.1 M sodium chloride solution. The distance between the reactive groups along the DNA contour was 470 basepairs. The reaction radius was varied from 6 to 20 nm. The results are presented in terms of the probability distribution P(F)(t) of the first collision time. The general form of the function P(F)(t) could be correctly predicted by a simple analytical model of one-dimensional diffusion of the superhelix ends along the DNA contour. The distribution P(F)(t) is essentially non-exponential: within a large initial time interval, it scales as P(F)(t) approximately t(-1/2), which is typical for one-dimensional diffusion. However, the mean time of the first collision is inversely proportional to the reaction radius, as in three dimensions. A visual inspection of the simulated conformations showed that a considerable part of the collisions is caused by the bending of the superhelix axis in the regions of the end loops, where the axis is most flexible. This fact explains why the distribution P(F)(t) combines the features of one- and three-dimensional diffusion. The simulations were repeated for a DNA chain with a permanent bend of 100 degrees in the middle position between the reactive groups along the DNA contour. The permanent bend changes dramatically the form of the distribution P(F)(t) and reduces the mean time of the first collision by approximately one order of magnitude.     

Characteristics of the precipitation reaction at the stage of antigen-antibody complex aggregate formation studied by a spectroturbidimetric method]

The possibility of using the spectroturbidimetric method, one of the variants of the light scattering method, for the determination of the characteristics of the second phase of the antigen-antibody reaction was shown examplified by the interaction between rabbit antiserum and bovine serum albumin. The parameters of the aggregates formed in the process (their average size, their concentration by weight and number) were calculated for the whole period of the reaction and with its components taken in different proportions. The precipitation curve plotted by the above method correlated well with the result of an independent determination at an extinction coefficient of E278. A conclusion was drawn, based on special evaluation, that hydrophobic interactions have a predominant influence on the formation of antigen-antibody aggregates. A quantitative approach was proposed for studying the mechanism of the antigen-antibody aggregate formation and for the analytical determination of various classes of immunoglobulins.     

中亚热带地区两种森林植被类型土壤微生物群落结构

利用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)生物标记法分析了中亚热带地区罗浮栲天然林和相邻的杉木人工林土壤微生物群落结构特点.结果表明: 两种植被类型的磷脂脂肪酸总量、细菌特征脂肪酸、真菌特征脂肪酸、放线菌特征脂肪酸、革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌特征脂肪酸含量均为0～10 cm高于10～20 cm土层,罗浮栲天然林高于杉木人工林.在两种植被类型的两个土层中,细菌PLFAs含量均显著高于真菌PLFAs含量.两种植被类型中,细菌PLFAs含量约占PLFAs总量的44%～52%,而真菌仅占6%～8%,表明细菌在该地区两种植被类型土壤中处于优势地位.主成分分析表明,土壤微生物群落结构差异主要由植被类型差异引起,土层深度的影响相对较小.相关分析显示,革兰氏阴性菌、革兰氏阳性菌以及细菌的PLFAs含量与pH呈显著负相关,与含水量呈显著正相关;土壤微生物主要类群PLFAs含量与总氮、有机碳、C/N和铵态氮均呈显著正相关.     

241 例儿童社区获得性肺炎支原体感染的临床分析

目的：总结2011-2012 年黄岛地区儿童社区获得性肺炎(CAP)患儿中支原体的感染情况,以指导临床诊断和治疗。方法：选取 2011-2012 年间因CAP住院的患儿241 例,所有CAP 患儿均于住院第2 天采集空腹血行9 项呼吸道感染病原体IgM检查,包括 肺炎支原体、嗜肺军团菌、Q热立克次体、肺炎衣原体、腺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、甲型流感病毒、乙型流感病毒、副流感病毒。结 果：241 例社区获得性肺炎患儿中支原体感染阳性74 例(30.7%),其中132例男性CAP患儿中支原体感染38 例(28.8%),109 例女 性CAP 患儿中支原体感染36 例;＞3 岁患儿的感染率为41.2%,1-3 岁患儿感染率26.2%,＜1 岁婴幼儿感染率为5.4%;2011 年 CAP患儿支原体感染率为19.4%,而2012 年为34.6%;74 例支原体阳性患儿合并其他感染者6 例。结论：黄岛地区儿童社区获得 性肺炎中支原体感染占重要地位,且有升高趋势,应重视婴幼儿支原体感染及难治性支原体肺炎的诊治。     

241例儿童社区获得性肺炎支原体感染的临床分析

目的：总结2011-2012年黄岛地区儿童社区获得性肺炎（CAP）患儿中支原体的感染情况,以指导临床诊断和治疗。方法：选取2011-2012年间因CAP住院的患儿241例,所有CAP患儿均于住院第2天采集空腹血行9项呼吸道感染病原体IgM检查,包括肺炎支原体、嗜肺军团菌、Q热立克次体、肺炎衣原体、腺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、甲型流感病毒、乙型流感病毒、副流感病毒。结果：241例社区获得性肺炎患儿中支原体感染阳性74例（30.7%）,其中132例男性CAP患儿中支原体感染38例（28.8%）,109例女性CAP患儿中支原体感染36例;〉3岁患儿的感染率为41.2%,1-3岁患儿感染率26.2%,〈1岁婴幼儿感染率为5.4%;2011年CAP患儿支原体感染率为19.4%,而2012年为34.6%;74例支原体阳性患儿合并其他感染者6例。结论：黄岛地区儿童社区获得性肺炎中支原体感染占重要地位,且有升高趋势,应重视婴幼儿支原体感染及难治性支原体肺炎的诊治。