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11.
Yoshinori Hiyama Tsuyoshi Asai Osamu Wada Hideto Maruno Shingo Nitta Kiyonori Mizuno Yasunobu Iwasaki Shuichi Okada 《PloS one》2015,10(1)
This study aimed to determine gait ability at hospital discharge in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) as an indicator of the risk of falling. Fifty-seven patients undergoing primary TKA for knee osteoarthritis participated in this study. Gait variability measured with accelerometers and physical function including knee range of motion (ROM), quadriceps strength, walking speed, and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test were evaluated preoperatively and at discharge from the hospital (1 month before and 5 days after surgery). All patients were discharged directly home at 5 days after surgery. Knee flexion of ROM, quadriceps strength, walking speed, and the TUG test results were significantly worse at hospital discharge than preoperatively (p < 0.001). However, gait variability was not significantly different before and after TKA. This result indicated that patients following TKA surgery could walk at hospital discharge as stably as preoperatively regardless of the decrease in physical function, including knee ROM, quadriceps strength, and gait speed after surgery. 相似文献
12.
Miura K Yoshiura K Miura S Shimada T Yamasaki K Yoshida A Nakayama D Shibata Y Niikawa N Masuzaki H 《Human genetics》2007,121(5):631-633
Here we provided the first genetic evidence for an association between the degree of apocrine colostrum secretion and human
earwax type. Genotyping at the earwax-type locus, rs17822931 within the ABCC11 gene, revealed that 155 of 225 Japanese women were dry-type and 70 wet-type. Frequency of women without colostrum among dry-type
women was significantly higher than that among wet-type women (P < 0.0002), and the measurable colostrum volume in dry-type women was significantly smaller than in wet-type women (P = 0.0341). 相似文献
13.
Kihara M Igarashi M Suzuki T Itou F Kozeni S Toyomane M Nakano J Yamai I 《Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology》2011,158(4):444-449
The effect of intra-gastric infusion of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) muscle soluble extract and of carnosine, anserine and histidine, on pepsin-like protease activity was studied in the isolated, externally batch-cultured stomach of the rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii). Stomach was isolated from the fish, then intragastrically infused with the above solutions or with a balanced saline solution (control solution) as the stimulant at 0.1 mL/min for 6h. Intra-gastric efflux was collected for measurement of pepsin-like protease activity. Skipjack tuna soluble extract, but not carnosine, anserine or histidine alone caused significant enhancement of pepsin-like protease activity during the infusion. Pepsin-like protease activity from skipjack tuna soluble extract responded immediately after infusion and was kept for 150 min after infusion. Stomach motility at the end of infusion was also observed. These results suggest that isolated stomach can receive mucosal side stimulants in vitro. It is likely that some effective components for stomach digestion in fish exist in skipjack tuna soluble extract. 相似文献
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2-Keto-3-deoxygluconate kinase (KDGK) catalyzes the phosphorylation of 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate (KDG) to 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate (KDGP). The genome sequence of Thermus thermophilus HB8 contains an open reading frame that has a 30% identity to Escherichia coli KDGK. The KDGK activity of T.thermophilus protein (TtKDGK) has been confirmed, and its crystal structure has been determined by the molecular replacement method and refined with two crystal forms to 2.3 angstroms and 3.2 angstroms, respectively. The enzyme is a hexamer organized as a trimer of dimers. Each subunit is composed of two domains, a larger alpha/beta domain and a smaller beta-sheet domain, similar to that of ribokinase and adenosine kinase, members of the PfkB family of carbohydrate kinases. Furthermore, the TtKDGK structure with its KDG and ATP analogue was determined and refined at 2.1 angstroms. The bound KDG was observed predominantly as an open chain structure. The positioning of ligands and the conservation of important catalytic residues suggest that the reaction mechanism is likely to be similar to that of other members of the PfkB family, including ribokinase. In particular, the Asp251 is postulated to have a role in transferring the gamma-phosphate of ATP to the 5'-hydroxyl group of KDG. 相似文献
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Background
The value of a predicted reward can be estimated based on the conjunction of both the intrinsic reward value and the length of time to obtain it. The question we addressed is how the two aspects, reward size and proximity to reward, influence the responses of neurons in rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), a brain region thought to play an important role in reward processing.Methods and Findings
We recorded from single neurons while two monkeys performed a multi-trial reward schedule task. The monkeys performed 1–4 sequential color discrimination trials to obtain a reward of 1–3 liquid drops. There were two task conditions, a valid cue condition, where the number of trials and reward amount were associated with visual cues, and a random cue condition, where the cue was picked from the cue set at random. In the valid cue condition, the neuronal firing is strongly modulated by the predicted reward proximity during the trials. Information about the predicted reward amount is almost absent at those times. In substantial subpopulations, the neuronal responses decreased or increased gradually through schedule progress to the predicted outcome. These two gradually modulating signals could be used to calculate the effect of time on the perception of reward value. In the random cue condition, little information about the reward proximity or reward amount is encoded during the course of the trial before reward delivery, but when the reward is actually delivered the responses reflect both the reward proximity and reward amount.Conclusions
Our results suggest that the rACC neurons encode information about reward proximity and amount in a manner that is dependent on utility of reward information. The manner in which the information is represented could be used in the moment-to-moment calculation of the effect of time and amount on predicted outcome value. 相似文献19.
Immune spleen cells (ISC) capable of inhibiting the growth of adenovirus type 12 (Ad12) tumors were raised in C57BL/6 mice by immunization with Ad12, fractionated according to their affinity for plastic and nylon-wool substrates or treated with various antisera plus complement, and subjected to the tumor-neutralization test (Winn) to define the effector cells for the cell species. Full antitumor activity of ISC was recovered in the cell fractions nonadherent to the two substrates; the antitumor activity of ISC was abrogated entirely by anti-Thy-1,2 serum and almost entirely by anti-Lyt-2.2 ascites fluid plus complement. These results clearly indicate that T-lymphocytes, particularly those bearing Lyt-2.2 antigen, are the principal effectors in ISC against Ad12 tumors in animals. 相似文献
20.
Paired fins and associated internal structures of the epauletic sharkHemiscyllium ocellatum, were described on the basis of three specimens. A comparison with other genera showed the epaulette shark to be, characterized
by two elongated basal cartilages articulating with a distally projecting articular condyle on the coracoid, a loosely separated
radial series with an intermediate series, a levator pectoralis inferior muscle and an anterolaterally developed depressor
pectoralis muscle in the pectoral fin, and an elongated anterior pelvic basal cartilage articulating with a distally projecting
articular condyle and an anterolaterally developed depressor pelvicus muscle in the pelvic fin. In captivity, the sharks exhibited
both upright and crawling behavior on the bottom by using the pectoral and pelvic fins and bending the body. The distinctive
morphological characters are shared by otherHemiscyllium species and are suggested as important factors enabling their unique behavior associated with a complex coral reef habitat. 相似文献