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排序方式: 共有117条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Genetic diversity and introgression in the Scottish wildcat 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
Beaumont M Barratt EM Gottelli D Kitchener AC Daniels MJ Pritchard JK Bruford MW 《Molecular ecology》2001,10(2):319-336
This paper describes a genetic analysis of wild-living cats in Scotland. Samples from 230 wild-living Scottish cats (including 13 museum skins) and 74 house cats from England and Scotland were surveyed for nine microsatellite loci. Pelage characteristics of the wild-living cats were recorded, and the cats were then grouped into five separate categories depending on the degree to which they conformed to the characteristics attributed to Felis silvestris Schreber, 1775. Allele frequency differences between the morphological groups are greater than those among the three house cat samples. Analysis of genetic distances suggests that more of the differences between individuals can be explained by pelage than geographical proximity, and that pelage and geographical location are not confounded. Ordination of the genetic distances suggests two main groups of wild-living cats, with intermediates, and one group is genetically very similar to the house cats, while the other group contains all cats taxonomically identified as wildcat based on morphology. A genetic mixture analysis gives similar results to the ordination, but also suggests that the genotypes of a substantial number of cats in the wildcat group are drawn from a gene pool with genotypes in approximately equilibrium proportions. We argue that this is evidence that these cats do not have very recent domestic ancestry. However, from the morphological data it is highly likely that this gene pool also contains a contribution from earlier introgression of domestic cat genes. 相似文献
35.
Edith HC Cup Astrid Kinébanian Ton Satink Allan J Pieterse Henk T Hendricks Rob AB Oostendorp Gert Jan van der Wilt Baziel GM van Engelen 《BMC neurology》2011,11(1):86
Background
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (MD1) is one of the most prevalent neuromuscular diseases, yet very little is known about how MD1 affects the lives of couples and how they themselves manage individually and together. To better match health care to their problems, concerns and needs, it is important to understand their perspective of living with this hereditary, systemic disease. 相似文献36.
Riddhi P. Patel Dorina Lenz Andrew C. Kitchener Jörns Fickel Daniel W. Förster Andreas Wilting 《Conservation Genetics》2017,18(6):1423-1433
The flat-headed cat (Prionailurus planiceps) is a wetland specialist, currently facing habitat loss on a serious scale due to massive destruction of lowland forests and wetlands in Southeast Asia. Despite its ‘endangered’ status in the IUCN Red List, there has virtually been no investigation on the population structure nor on the evolutionary history of the flat-headed cat. To fill this gap, we used full mitochondrial genome sequences, obtained from archival samples, covering the historical distribution of the flat-headed cat. Our data revealed a high genetic differentiation (F st = 0.81, P?<?0.001) between mitochondrial lineages from Borneo and those from Thai-Malay Peninsula/Sumatra, a split that was dated to ~575 Kya. Such a significant differentiation clearly distinguishes the Bornean flat-headed cat population from all other populations and suggests that there should be a reassessment of the flat-headed cat’s intraspecific taxonomy. However, morphological and nuclear data are required to corroborate our mtDNA results. Until such data become available, we recommend that for future conservation efforts and captive breeding programmes the two genetically distinct flat-headed cat populations are managed separately as two lineages to maintain the original genetic diversity of this endangered species. 相似文献
37.
H J Busscher M van der Kuijl-Booij HC van der Mei 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》1996,16(1):15-21
Recent work on biosurfactant release by thermophilic dairy streptococci is reviewed. There is a suggestion thatStreptococcus thermophilus isolates may release biosurfactants that stimulate detachment of already-adhering cells and leave an anti-adhesive coating on a substratum. A previously published rapid screening method is described for the identification of biosurfactant-releasing microorganisms, and growth medium supplements to enhance biosurfactant release by thermophilic dairy streptococci are reported. New experimental work described includes the isolation and purification of biosurfactants from dairy isolates by thin layer chromatography. Many compounds isolated were extremely surface-active and reduced the water surface tension to values around 30 mJ m–2 at a concentration of 10 mg ml–1. Most importantly, the thin layer chromatograms of various isolates resembled each other, and an adsorbed purified compound from one isolate retarded the deposition to glass of another isolate by a factor of two. Provided our findings implicate that these biosurfactants could also be adsorbed to heat exchanger plates in pasteurizers and thereby retard colonization by thermophilic streptococci, these compounds may have major economic implications. Further work is required, however. 相似文献
38.
Maharadatunkamsi † S. Hisheh D. J. Kitchener L. H. Schmitt 《Journal of Biogeography》2000,27(1):193-201
Genetic and morphometric variation was examined in eleven island populations of the horse‐shoe bat, Rhinolophus affinis, at the easterly end of this widespread species’ range and encompassing the Australian–Oriental biogeographic interface. Allozyme variation revealed mean heterozygosity levels within islands of 0.047, which is near the mammalian average. However, heterozygosity tended to decline from west to east as populations approached the periphery of the species’ distribution, and was lowest in those islands that were separated by the greatest sea‐crossing from source populations. There is extensive between‐island genetic differentiation (mean FST = 0.40) and relationships between islands are associated with their arrangement in geographical space; genetic distance is correlated with geographical distance and the genetic arrangement of islands is associated with longitude. The arrangement of islands as indicated by variation in body and skull metrics is also associated with their geographical positions, and the metric and genetic measures are themselves associated. While other taxa in the region have shown genetic‐geographical concordances, R. affinis is the only one that displays concordant patterns in metrical features. These patterns in biological diversity are interpreted as arising from the sequential island population structure and clines in key biogeographic gradients. 相似文献
39.
Peter D. Kitchener Peter J. Snow 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》2010,196(4):263-270
We have exploited the segregation of motor and sensory axons into peripheral nerve sub-compartments to examine spinal reflex
interactions in anaesthetized stingrays. Single, supra-maximal electrical stimuli delivered to segmental sensory nerves elicited
compound action potentials in the motor nerves of the stimulated segment and in rostral and caudal segmental motor nerves.
Compound action potentials elicited in segmental motor nerves by single stimuli delivered to sensory nerves were increased
severalfold by prior stimulation of adjacent sensory nerves. This facilitation of the segmental reflex produced by intense
conditioning stimuli decreased as it was applied to more remote segments, to approximately the same degree in up to seven
segments in the rostral and caudal direction. In contrast, an asymmetric response was revealed when test and conditioning
stimuli were delivered to different nerves, neither of which was of the same segment as the recorded motor nerve: in this
configuration, conditioning volleys generally inhibited the responses of motoneurons to stimuli delivered to more caudally
located sensory nerves. This suggests that circuitry subserving trans-segmental interactions between spinal afferents is present
in stingrays and that interneuronal connections attenuate the influence that subsequent activity in caudal primary afferents
can have on the motor elements. 相似文献
40.
Angela CM Luyf Barbera DC van Schaik Michel de Vries Frank Baas Antoine HC van Kampen Silvia D Olabarriaga 《BMC bioinformatics》2010,11(1):598