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91.
Wu Changwei W. Tsai Pei-Jung Chen Sharon Chia-Ju Li Chia-Wei Hsu Ai-Ling Wu Hong-Yi Ko Yu-Ting Hung Pai-Chuan Chang Chun-Yen Lin Ching-Po Lane Timothy J. Chen Chia-Yuen 《Sleep and biological rhythms》2019,17(4):423-431
Sleep and Biological Rhythms - Neurovascular coupling (NVC), the transient regional hyperemia following the evoked neuronal responses, is the basis of blood oxygenation level-dependent techniques... 相似文献
92.
Grzegorz Garbacz Bartosz Kołodziej Mirko Koziolek Werner Weitschies Sandra Klein 《AAPS PharmSciTech》2013,14(2):517-522
The bicarbonate buffer is considered as the most biorelevant buffer system for the simulation of intestinal conditions. However, its use in dissolution testing of solid oral dosage forms is very limited. The reason for this is the thermodynamic instability of the solution containing hydrogen carbonate ions and carbonic acid. The spontaneous loss of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the solution results in an uncontrolled increase of the pH. In order to maintain the pH on the desired level, either a CO2 loss must be completely avoided or the escaped CO2 has to be replaced by quantitative substitution, i.e. feeding the solution with the respective amount of gas, which re-acidifies the buffer after dissociation. The present work aimed at the development of a device enabling an automatic pH monitoring and regulation of hydrogen carbonate buffers during dissolution tests. 相似文献
93.
94.
N. Košanin 《Plant Systematics and Evolution》1914,64(5):183-200
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
95.
J P Heggers F Ko M C Robson R Heggers K E Craft 《Plastic and reconstructive surgery》1980,65(6):798-804
Although edema is evident immediately after a burn, the diffusion of nutrient chemical constituents of the body is not impaired. Blister fluid, not unlike plasma or serum, contained all substances found in the body, including parenterally administered penicillin. The elevation of potassium and the cation to anion imbalance is primarily due to the Na/K cellular pump malfunction, and the destruction of the permeability of the cell membrane is most likely a direct result of complement and other cellular enzymes, which include the prostaglandins and thromboxanes. The elevated SGOT, CPK, and LDH indicated severe trauma to the cells in the immediate area of burn and possibly to the skeletal muscle. The presence of immunoglobulins indicated that high-molecular-weight proteins diffuse equally well during this edematous phase (IgM, 900,000; IgG, 190,000). Evidence of this nature strongly suggests that the integrity of the burn blister by maintained. 相似文献
96.
97.
Growth and acetate metabolism by Candida utilis (ATCC 9226) is reported for both acetate- and zinc-limited cultures in defined media. Acetate concentrations were varied from suboptimal to inhibitory levels in both types of media in differential shake flask culture and in batch and continuous cultures in stirred fermentors. Transient responses of steady-state cultures to small or large additions of concentrated sodium acetate, or to shifts in dilution rate or inlet acetate concentration are compared with one another and with simple mathematical models of growth and acetate metabolism. Exponential growth was observed during unrestricted growth (differential shake flask and batch cultures) with both types of media. Addition of acetate during unrestricted growth always caused lags and for larger pulses, lower specific growth rates were observed after exponential growth resumed. Inhibition by high acetate concentrations was much greater in acetate–limited than in zinc–limited cultures. During restricted growth (steady-state, continuous cultures), high acetate concentrations again consistently caused growth lags but stimulated, inhibited, or temporarily stopped acetage uptake. Qualitative agreement between the predictions of a simple mathematical model of acetate inhibition fitted to differential shake flask data and the observed transient data was surprisingly good. 相似文献
98.
A Ko A Kanehisa I Martins L Senovilla C Chargari D Dugue G Mari?o O Kepp M Michaud J-L Perfettini G Kroemer E Deutsch 《Cell death and differentiation》2014,21(1):92-99
Clinical oncology heavily relies on the use of radiotherapy, which often leads to merely transient responses that are followed by local or distant relapse. The molecular mechanisms explaining radioresistance are largely elusive. Here, we identified a dual role of autophagy in the response of cancer cells to ionizing radiation. On one hand, we observed that the depletion of essential autophagy-relevant gene products, such as ATG5 and Beclin 1, increased the sensitivity of human or mouse cancer cell lines to irradiation, both in vitro (where autophagy inhibition increased radiation-induced cell death and decreased clonogenic survival) and in vivo, after transplantation of the cell lines into immunodeficient mice (where autophagy inhibition potentiated the tumour growth-inhibitory effect of radiotherapy). On the other hand, when tumour proficient or deficient for autophagy were implanted in immunocompetent mice, it turned out that defective autophagy reduced the efficacy of radiotherapy. Indeed, radiotherapy elicited an anti-cancer immune response that was dependent on autophagy-induced ATP release from stressed or dying tumour cells and was characterized by dense lymphocyte infiltration of the tumour bed. Intratumoural injection of an ecto-ATPase inhibitor restored the immune infiltration of autophagy-deficient tumours post radiotherapy and improved the growth-inhibitory effect of ionizing irradiation. Altogether, our results reveal that beyond its cytoprotective function, autophagy confers immunogenic properties to tumours, hence amplifying the efficacy of radiotherapy in an immunocompetent context. This has far-reaching implications for the development of pharmacological radiosensitizers. 相似文献
99.
100.
Kuan‐Hung Chen Kun‐Chen Lin Sheung‐Fat Ko John Y. Chiang Jun Guo Hon‐Kan Yip 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2020,24(18):10402-10419
This study tested the hypothesis that melatonin (Mel) therapy preserved the brain architectural and functional integrity against ischaemic stroke (IS) dependently through suppressing the inflammatory/oxidative stress downstream signalling pathways. Adult male B6 (n = 6 per each B6 group) and TLR4 knockout (ie TLR4?/?) (n = 6 per each TLR4?/? group) mice were categorized into sham control (SCB6), SCTLR4?/?, ISB6, ISTLR4?/?, ISB6 + Mel (i.p. daily administration) and ISTLR4?/? + Mel (i.p. daily administration). By day 28 after IS, the protein expressions of inflammatory (HMBG1/TLR2/TLR4/MAL/MyD88/RAM TRIF/TRAF6/IKK‐α/p‐NF‐κB/nuclear‐NF‐κB/nuclear‐IRF‐3&7/IL‐1β/IL‐6/TNF‐α/IFN‐γ) and oxidative stress (NOX‐1/NOX‐2/ASK1/p‐MKK4&7/p‐JNK/p‐c‐JUN) downstream pathways as well as mitochondrial‐damaged markers (cytosolic cytochrome C/cyclophilin D/SRP1/autophagy) were highest in group ISB6, lowest in groups SCB6 and SCTLR4?/?, lower in group ISTLR4?/? + Mel than in groups ISTLR4?/? and ISB6 + Mel and lower in group ISB6 + Mel than in group ISTLR4?/? (all P < .0001). The brain infarct volume, brain infarct area and the number of inflammatory cells in brain (CD14/F4‐88) and in circulation (MPO+//Ly6C+/CD11b+//Ly6G+/CD11b+) exhibited an identical pattern, whereas the neurological function displayed an opposite pattern of inflammatory protein expression among the six groups (all P < .0001). In conclusion, TLR inflammatory and oxidative stress signallings played crucial roles for brain damage and impaired neurological function after IS that were significantly reversed by Mel therapy. 相似文献