Human Long-Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials during Radial Motion of the Sound Source

Human long-latency auditory evoked potentials were studied during simulation with variable-amplitude pulse sequences from a sound source moving to and from the subject. The N1 peak parameters were shown to depend on an accurate estimate of the direction of the change in the distance to the sound source. Differences in the processing of signals that simulated the approaching and/or distancing of the sound source were found in the N1 and P2 component parameters of on- and off-responses as was a more pronounced long negative potential shift in the evoked response to the approaching source as compared to the distancing source.     

Yeast cell mortality related to a high-pressure shift: occurrence of cell membrane permeabilization

The shrinkage of yeast cells caused by high-pressure treatment (250 MPa, 15 min) was investigated using direct microscopic observation. A viable staining method after treatment allowed the volume variation of two populations to be distinguished: an irreversible volume decrease (about 35% of the initial volume) of pressure-inactivated cells during pressure holding time, and viable cells, which were less affected. A mass transfer was then induced during high-pressure treatment. Causes of this transfer seem to be related to a pressure-induced membrane permeabilization, allowing a subsequent leakage of internal solutes, where three ions (Na+, K+ and Ca2+), plus endogenous glycerol, were verified. This glycerol leakage was found to occur after yeast pressurization in a medium having low water activity, although the yeast was not inactivated. All these observations lead to the hypothesis that pressure-induced cell permeabilization could be the cause of yeast inactivation under pressure.     

Schriftenschau

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Amine oxidase in unicellular microorganismsMethanosarcina barkeri andTetrahymena pyriformis

A comparison has been performed of catalytic properties of unicellular microorganism amine oxidases (AO) from two new enzyme sources, the bacteriumMethanosarcina barkeri and the infusoriaTetrahymena pyriformis. It was shown that the both studied AO deaminate tyramine, serotonin, and benzylamine, but do not deaminate histamine. The AO fromMethanosarcina barkeri catalyzes deamination of all three substrates at an identical rate, while the rate of tyramine deamination under effect of AO fromTetrahymena pyriformis is one order higher than the rate of serotonin deamination, and about two orders higher than the rate of benzylamine deamination. Based on the data of the substrate-inhibitor analysis, a suggestion was made about the existence of one center for the substrate binding in the AO of the studied bacterium, while several centers in the AO of the studied infusoria.     

Procedure and Analysis of a Useful Method in Determining Mycelial Dry Weights from Agar Plates

The evaluation of growth by dry weight determination of fungus mycelium for agar plates was examined. The data obtained were statistically analyzed. This method was shown to be sufficiently accurate to be used as an investigative tool.     

Urbanization and Identity Dissonance: A Guajiro Case

The results of this study indicate that urbanization has the effect of significantly altering the Guajiro's sense of ideal and feared identity. It was hypothesized that an attempt would be made to minimize dissonance between the ideal and the real or "true" self which the individual privately acknowledges. However, there is found to be considerable dissonance between ideal and real identities, with the latter actually including many components of feared identity. Defective socialization in the city is suggested as a possible reason for failure to achieve ideal standards.