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91.
Abstract: The family Phylloporinidae was introduced in the late 19th century to accommodate a small number of Palaeozoic bryozoan genera characterized by irregularly fenestrated colonies generated by anastomosis of unilaminate branches. Among the first named of these genera were Chasmatopora Eichwald, 1855 and Phylloporina Ulrich in Foerste, 1887. The two names have been variously in fashion, and there has been confusion about whether they are subjective synonyms or are distinct genera. This taxonomic confusion has been due in large part to whether the single species (Retepora angulata Hall, 1847) assigned to Phylloporina in Foerste (1887) or the species that Ulrich intended (Retepora trentonensis Nicholson, 1875) is the type species and also because of lack of sufficient information about Foerste’s material to characterize it well. We here redescribe the pertinent species, erect the new species Chasmatopora foerstei for the species that Foerste incorrectly assigned to Phylloporina angulata (Hall), and suggest that Retepora trentonensis Nicholson be retained as type species of Phylloporina based on prevailing usage, until the issue is settled by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 相似文献
92.
Background
Homology is a crucial concept in comparative genomics. The algorithm probably most widely used for homology detection in comparative genomics, is BLAST. Usually a stringent score cutoff is applied to distinguish putative homologs from possible false positive hits. As a consequence, some BLAST hits are discarded that are in fact homologous. 相似文献93.
94.
Anopheles gambiae genome reannotation through synthesis of ab initio and comparative gene prediction algorithms 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Li J Riehle MM Zhang Y Xu J Oduol F Gomez SM Eiglmeier K Ueberheide BM Shabanowitz J Hunt DF Ribeiro JM Vernick KD 《Genome biology》2006,7(3):R24-12
Background
Complete genome annotation is a necessary tool as Anopheles gambiae researchers probe the biology of this potent malaria vector.Results
We reannotate the A. gambiae genome by synthesizing comparative and ab initio sets of predicted coding sequences (CDSs) into a single set using an exon-gene-union algorithm followed by an open-reading-frame-selection algorithm. The reannotation predicts 20,970 CDSs supported by at least two lines of evidence, and it lowers the proportion of CDSs lacking start and/or stop codons to only approximately 4%. The reannotated CDS set includes a set of 4,681 novel CDSs not represented in the Ensembl annotation but with EST support, and another set of 4,031 Ensembl-supported genes that undergo major structural and, therefore, probably functional changes in the reannotated set. The quality and accuracy of the reannotation was assessed by comparison with end sequences from 20,249 full-length cDNA clones, and evaluation of mass spectrometry peptide hit rates from an A. gambiae shotgun proteomic dataset confirms that the reannotated CDSs offer a high quality protein database for proteomics. We provide a functional proteomics annotation, ReAnoXcel, obtained by analysis of the new CDSs through the AnoXcel pipeline, which allows functional comparisons of the CDS sets within the same bioinformatic platform. CDS data are available for download.Conclusion
Comprehensive A. gambiae genome reannotation is achieved through a combination of comparative and ab initio gene prediction algorithms. 相似文献95.
The muscle pattern of malacostracan and entomostracan crustacean nauplius larvae was compared using fluorescent phallotoxins. In the dendrobranchiate malacostracan Sicyonia ingentis, F-actin staining was first detected in limb setae at 12 h, likely within sensory nerves. Staining of F-actin was detected in the trunk at 15 h and grew into the naupliar limbs. Sarcomeres were detected at 19 h, identifying the structures as extrinsic limb muscles. The extrinsic limb muscles enlarged but retained their general pattern during the later nauplius stages. Longitudinal trunk muscles and circumferential visceral muscle (VM) developed in the post-naupliar region during nauplius instars 4 and 5, at the time when the gut also formed. In the anostracan branchiopod Artemia salina, the newly hatched nauplius contained an extensive system of extrinsic and intrinsic limb muscles. The gut was almost complete at hatching, along with its associated circumferential VM. Muscles similar in position and structure could be identified in nauplii from the two taxa, but different anatomical origins of extrinsic muscles were evident. Whether the naupliar limb muscles are homologous in malacostracans and branchiopods remains an open question. The strong musculature of the dendrobranchiate naupliar limbs correlates with the use of all three pairs of limbs for swimming. 相似文献
96.
Reported in this work is the development and application of a high sensitivity mass spectrometric immunoassay for the quantitative analysis of C-reactive protein from human plasma. Multiplexed affinity retrieval devices and methodology were developed to simultaneously target retinol binding protein, C-reactive protein, serum amyloid P component, as well as an added exogenous internal reference standard (staphylococcal enterotoxin B) for subsequent MALDI-TOF MS analysis. This approach allows for semiquantitative analysis of both retinol binding protein and serum amyloid P component while performing absolute quantitative measurements of C-reactive protein. The ability to qualitatively differentiate between all three human proteins and their associated variants is also maintained. Standard curve, QC, and human plasma samples were analyzed in a high throughput manner, which performed with a CV < 15%. The resultant human plasma sample C-reactive protein quantitative measurements were then compared to those achieved with a high sensitivity latex immunoturbidimetric assay. 相似文献
97.
The XI International Rotifer Symposium was held during 11–18 March, 2006 at the National Autonomous University of Mexico Campus Iztacala located at the North Mexico City (Mexico). These triennial international meetings, first organized in Austria by Late Ruttner-Kolisko in September 1976, are gradually becoming the focal point of discussion and collaboration from rotifer workers across the world. The present XI symposium was attended by 125 participants from 20 nations. During this meeting, different themes of rotifer research from morphology to molecular biology were considered. In addition, there were four invited lectures and four workshops covering different themes of the symposium. During the last 30 years, rotifer research has witnessed gradual shift from the conventional morphological taxonomy to molecular and evolutionary systematics. While the basic rotifer ecological studies continue today, applied areas such as ecotoxicology and aquaculture have taken key roles in the recent meetings. The international rotifer meetings provide ample opportunities not only for exchange of ideas and recent research, but also for material and in establishing inter-personal relationships. Over the last 30 years, the number of participants attending the rotifer meetings has increased. 相似文献
98.
99.
Huml J. V. Ellis J. S. Lloyd K. Benefer C. M. Kiernan M. Brown M. J. F. Knight M. E. 《Evolutionary ecology》2021,35(3):413-442
Evolutionary Ecology - Recent research has shown drastic reductions in the global diversity and abundance of insects. This is a major concern given the expected cascade effects on ecosystem... 相似文献
100.
Sonja Melman Ellen NC Schoorel Carmen Dirksen Anneke Kwee Luc Smits Froukje de Boer Madelaine Jonkers Mallory D Woiski Ben Willem J Mol Johannes PR Doornbos Harry Visser Anjoke JM Huisjes Martina M Porath Friso MC Delemarre Simone MI Kuppens Robert Aardenburg Ivo MA Van Dooren Francis PJM Vrouenraets Frans TH Lim Gunilla Kleiverda Paulien CM van der Salm Karin de Boer Marko J Sikkema Jan G Nijhuis Rosella PMG Hermens Hubertina CJ Scheepers 《Implementation science : IS》2013,8(1):1-8