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排序方式: 共有497条查询结果,搜索用时 734 毫秒
491.
492.
Cheng Han Ng Snow Yunni Lin Yip Han Chin Ming Hui Lee Nicholas Syn Xin Lei Goh Jin Hean Koh Jingxuan Quek Darren Jun Hao Tan Shao Feng Mok Eunice Tan Yock Young Dan Nicholas Chew Chin Meng Khoo Mohammad Shadab Siddiqui Mark Muthiah 《Endocrine practice》2022,28(2):223-230
ObjectiveType 2 diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are closely related, and antidiabetic medications have been shown to be potential therapeutics in NAFLD. Using a network meta-analysis, we sought to examine the effectiveness of antidiabetic agents for the treatment of NAFLD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.MethodsMedline and Embase were searched for randomized controlled trials relating to the use of antidiabetic agents, including sodium-glucose transport protein 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonists, biguanides, sulfonylureas and insulin, on NAFLD in patients with diabetes. The p-score was used as a surrogate marker of effectiveness.ResultsA total of 14 articles were included in the analysis. PPARγ agonists were ranked as the best treatment in steatosis reduction, resulting in the greatest reduction of steatosis. There was statistical significance between PPARγ agonists [mean difference (MD): ?6.02%, confidence interval (CI): ?10.37% to ?1.67%] and SGLT2 inhibitors (MD: ?2.60%, CI: ?4.87% to ?0.33%) compared with standard of care for steatosis reduction. Compared with PPARγ agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors resulted in a statistical significant reduction in fibrosis (MD: ?0.06, CI: ?0.10 to ?0.02). Body mass index reduction was highest in SGLT2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. Additionally, SGLT2 inhibitors were ranked as the best treatment for increasing high-density lipoprotein and reducing low-density lipoprotein.ConclusionGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors were suitable alternatives for the treatment of NAFLD in those with type 2 diabetes mellitus with a reduction in body mass index, fibrosis, and steatosis. SGLT2 inhibitors also have the added benefit of lipid modulation. 相似文献
493.
Jingxuan Quek Cheng Han Ng Ansel Shao Pin Tang Nicholas Chew Mark Chan Chin Meng Khoo Chen Poh Wei Yip Han Chin Phoebe Tay Grace Lim Darren Jun Hao Tan Wen Hui Lim Kai En Chan Margaret Teng Eunice Tan Nobuharu Tamaki Daniel Q. Huang Mohammad Shadab Siddiqui Mark D. Muthiah 《Endocrine practice》2022,28(7):667-672
ObjectiveThe recent introduction of the term metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) sought to reclassify nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). MAFLD is thought to improve the encapsulation of metabolic dysregulation. However, recent evidence has found significant differences between MAFLD and NAFLD, and prevailing knowledge has largely arisen from studies on NAFLD. Hence, we conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review of the outcomes associated with MAFLD.MethodsMEDLINE and Embase databases were searched for articles relating to outcomes in MAFLD. Analysis was conducted in random effects with hazard ratios (HRs) to account for longitudinal risk assessment of mortality and systemic complications.ResultsA total of 554 articles were identified, of which 17 articles were included. MAFLD resulted in an increase in the overall mortality (HR, 1.24; confidence interval [CI], 1.13-1.34), cancer-related mortality (HR, 1.27; CI, 1.01-1.54), and cardiovascular disease mortality (HR, 1.28, 1.03-1.53; P = .04) compared with non-MAFLD. MAFLD also increases the risk of cardiovascular events (HR, 1.49; CI, 1.34-1.64; P < .01), stroke (HR, 1.55; CI, 1.37-1.73; P < .01), and chronic kidney disease (HR, 1.53; CI, 1.38-1.68). The presence of MAFLD was also associated with an increased risk of heart failure, obstructive sleep apnea, and malignancy.ConclusionMAFLD can significantly elevate the risk of systemic diseases and mortality. The care of MAFLD thus requires interdisciplinary collaboration, and future clinical trials conducted on MAFLD should aim to reduce the incidence of end-organ damage aside from improving liver histology. 相似文献
494.
Sean M. Grimmond Jane M. Palmer Marilyn K. Walters Cheryl Scott Derek J. Nancarrow B. T. Teh Christopher Elmes Christopher Pyke Soo-Keat Khoo I. Bennett Neil Wetzig N. K. Hayward 《Human genetics》1996,98(1):80-85
Two major genes determining predisposition to breast cancer, termed BRCA1 and BRCA2, have been mapped to the long arms of
chromosomes 17 and 13, respectively. Each locus is believed to account for approximately 40% of cases of familial breast cancer.
We used linkage and haplotype analysis with simple tandem repeat polymorphisms at chromosomal bands 17q21 and 13q12 to determine
the contribution of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes to predisposition to breast cancer in four Australian breast cancer kindreds,
one of which had two male cousins with breast cancer. Surprisingly all families segregated a haplotype of markers on 13q and
showed positive lod scores supporting linkage to BRCA2. In addition, haplotype analysis identified an informative recombination
between D13S260 and D13S171 in one affected individual, which refines the localisation of BRCA2 to between D13S260 and D13S267;
a distance of 2–3 cM. Tumours of the stomach and cervix, as well as melanoma and leukaemia/lymphoma also occur in these pedigrees
but the numbers are too low to determine whether they may be significantly associated with BRCA2 carrier status. Our results
confirm the existence of BRCA2 on the long arm of chromosome 13 and support previous findings that this locus is likely to
confer risk in families with affected males. Furthermore, our observations suggest that the BRCA2 gene may also contribute
to the development of other neoplasms.
Received: 26 September 1995 / Revised: 15 January 1996 相似文献
495.
Expression of new KDN-gangliosides in rainbow trout testis during spermatogenesis and their structural identification 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Song Yu; Kitajima Ken; Inoue Sadako; Khoo Kay-Hooi; Morris Howard R.; Dell Anne; Inoue Yasuo 《Glycobiology》1995,5(2):207-218
The developmental expression of 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-nononicacid-containing glycosphingolipids (KDN-gangliosides) in rainbowtrout testis during spermatogenesis was studied using a monoclonalantibody, mAb.kdn3G, which recognizes the KDN 相似文献
496.
Estimation of dynamic chemoresponsiveness in wakefulness and non-rapid-eye-movement sleep 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Khoo M. C.; Yang F.; Shin J. J.; Westbrook P. R. 《Journal of applied physiology》1995,78(3):1052-1064
497.
This paper describes a sensitive strategy employing fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS) for defining the anomeric configurations of pyranose sugars in oligosaccharides. The method, which is applicable to mixtures of reduced or unreduced oligosaccharides, is based upon FAB-MS analyses of deuteroacetylated derivatives before and after oxidation with chromium trioxide. This reagent, whose potential value in carbohydrate chemistry was first recognized by Angyal and which was subsequently more fully exploited by Lindberg, oxidizes beta-pyranosides to keto-esters leaving alpha-pyranosides largely intact. In this paper we show that the products of chromium trioxide oxidation can be successfully analysed at the microgram level using FAB-MS. The molecular and fragment ions produced in the FAB experiment define the number of sites oxidized and their location in the sequence. For samples which fragment poorly we describe a mild methanolysis procedure, compatible with FAB-MS, which preferentially cleaves the esters formed during the oxidation. Incorporation of an acetolysis step prior to oxidation permits analyses of polysaccharides. This oxidation/FAB-MS strategy should prove valuable in structural analyses of a wide range of biologically important carbohydrates which cannot be isolated in sufficient quantities to permit nuclear magnetic resonance studies. 相似文献