Study of Design Tunable Optical Sensor and Monochromatic Filter of the One-Dimensional Periodic Structure of TiO2/MgF2 with Defect Layer of Liquid Crystal (LC) Sandwiched with Two Silver Layers

In this paper, we have inspected the optical characteristics of one-dimensional periodic structure (1DPS) of TiO₂ and MgF₂ dielectric materials with defect layer of liquid crystal (LC) sandwiched with two silver layers, i.e., (TiO₂|MgF₂)³|Ag|LC|Ag|(TiO₂/MgF₂)³ using transfer matrix method (TMM). The optical tunable properties of considered periodic structures investigated at different incident angles and temperatures for TE and TM modes. Our study shows that absorption peak of 1DPS varies with incident angle and temperature. The defect layer (Ag-LC-Ag), sandwiched LC within two metallic (Ag) layers, exhibits the surface plasmon waves at the metal LC interfaces. The effect of surface plasmon waves can be better understand through the optical sensing property of such defect periodic structure. The detailed study concludes that such a type of one-dimensional periodic structure (1DPS) may be useful to design a tunable sensor and monochromatic filter.

     

Effects of dextrose, verapamil and magnesium during hypoxia in myocardial tissue

We studied the effects of superfusion of canine heart muscle tissue with a solution that mimicks hypoxia, acidosis and hyperkalemia (altered Tyrode's solution). Contracture (rise in resting tension) develops much sooner (5.2 +/- 0.8 vs. 30-40 min in 5 mM dextrose) in the absence of dextrose. High dextrose (55 mM) stabilizes the rise in tonic tension and protects against the action potential shortening during such superfusion. Presence of verapamil (1-1.5 microM) during altered Tyrode's superfusion considerably lessens the magnitude of the increase in tonic tension (31.7 +/- 8.6 vs. 129.5 +/- 32.6 mg in the control). Presence of high magnesium (5 mM) during altered Tyrode's superfusion also offers some protection against tonic tension increase (12.6 +/- 3.6 mg rise in tonic tension vs. 129.5 +/- 3.2 mg in the control), action potential shortening, and amplitude decrease. These results suggest that (a) magnesium and verapamil both have significant effects on the cellular calcium uptake, and (b) anaerobic metabolism utilizing either glycogen or exogenous glucose is capable of preventing contracture during ischemia.