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71.
Batrice Cousin Nathalie Bascands-Viguerie Nadim Kassis Maryse Nibbelink Louis Ambid Louis Casteilla Luc Pnicaud 《Journal of cellular physiology》1996,167(2):285-289
Cold exposure is a well-known physiological stimulus that activates the sympathetic nervous system and induces brown adipose tissue (BAT) hyperplasia. The effects of cold exposure or cold acclimatation have been extensively studied in interscapular BAT (IBAT). However, it has been recently shown that brown adipocytes are present in adipose deposits considered as white fat such as periovarian (PO) fat pad. We have investigated the kinetic of brown precursor recruitment in adipose tissues using DNA measurement and specific marker expression. In IBAT, cold exposure induces proliferation of precursor cells and differentiation into preadipocytes characterized by the expression of A2COL6, a marker specific to early steps of the differentiation process. A chronic stimulation of the tissue is necessary to observe the full effect. In PO fat pad, no proliferation can be detected, whereas differentiation of brown preadipocytes and maybe phenotypic conversion of white adipocytes seems to be promoted. In conclusion, these data demonstrated that 1) the same stimulus (cold exposure) does not induce the same response in terms of preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation in periovarian and brown adipose tissues, although both contain brown adipocytes, and 2) preadipocyte recruitment in adipose tissues after cold exposure depends on the predominant type of fat cells. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
72.
Nadim Cassir Olivier Croce Isabelle Pagnier Samia Benamar Carine Couderc Catherine Robert Didier Raoult Bernard La Scola 《Standards in genomic sciences》2014,9(3):794-806
Bacteroides neonati strain MS4T, is the type strain of Bacteroides neonati sp. nov., a new species within the genus Bacteroides. This strain, whose genome is described here, was isolated from a premature neonate stool sample. B. neonati strain MS4T is an obligate anaerobic Gram-negative bacillus. Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. The 5.03 Mbp long genome exhibits a G+C content of 43.53% and contains 4,415 protein-coding and 91 RNA genes, including 9 rRNA genes. 相似文献
73.
74.
Maryline Paris Catherine Bernard-Kargar José Vilar Nadim Kassis Alain Ktorza 《Experimental diabetes research》2004,5(4):257-263
We investigated the possible interplay between insulin
and glucose signaling pathways in rat pancreatic β-cell
with a special focus on the role of glucose in IRS signaling
in vivo. Three groups of rats were constituted by combining
simultaneous infusion during 48 h either of glucose
and/or insulin, or glucose+diazoxide: Hyperglycemic-
Hyperinsulinemic (HGHI), euglycemic-Hyperinsulinemic
(eGHI), Hyperglycemic-euinsulinemic (HGeI). Control rats
were infused with 0,9% NaCl. In HGHI and HGeI rats
plasma glucose levels were maintained at 20-22 mmol/l. In
eGHI rats, plasma glucose was not different from that of
controls, whereas plasma insulin was much higher than
in controls. In HGHI rats, IRS-2 mRNA expression, total
protein and phosphorylated protein amounts were increased
compared to controls. In HGeI rats, only IRS-2
mRNA expression was increased. No change was observed
in eGHI rats whatever the parameter considered. In all
groups, mRNA concentration of IRS-1 was similar to that
of controls. The quantity of total and phosphorylated IRS-
1 protein was dramatically increased in HGHI rats and
to a lesser extent in eGHI rats. Neither mRNA nor IRS-1
protein expression were modified in HGeI rats. The data
suggest that glucose and insulin play at once a specific
and a complementary role in islet IRSs signaling. Especially,
glucose stimulates IRS-2 mRNA expression whatever
the insulin status and independently of the secretory
process. The differential regulation of IRS-1 and
IRS-2 expressions is in agreement with their supposed different involvement in the control of β-cell growth and
function. 相似文献
75.
Development of two major resources for pea genomics: the GenoPea 13.2K SNP Array and a high‐density,high‐resolution consensus genetic map 下载免费PDF全文
Nadim Tayeh Christelle Aluome Matthieu Falque Françoise Jacquin Anthony Klein Aurélie Chauveau Aurélie Bérard Hervé Houtin Céline Rond Jonathan Kreplak Karen Boucherot Chantal Martin Alain Baranger Marie‐Laure Pilet‐Nayel Thomas D. Warkentin Dominique Brunel Pascal Marget Marie‐Christine Le Paslier Grégoire Aubert Judith Burstin 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2015,84(6):1257-1273
76.
Hui-Jun Yu Leonid A. Serebryannyy Madeline Fry Madelyne Greene Olga Chernaya Wen-Yang Hu Teng-Leong Chew Nadim Mahmud Shrihari S. Kadkol Sarah Glover Gail Prins Zuzana Strakova Primal de Lanerolle 《PloS one》2013,8(11)
Many tumors are stiffer than their surrounding tissue. This increase in stiffness has been attributed, in part, to a Rho-dependent elevation of myosin II light chain phosphorylation. To characterize this mechanism further, we studied myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), the main enzyme that phosphorylates myosin II light chains. We anticipated that increases in MLCK expression and activity would contribute to the increased stiffness of cancer cells. However, we find that MLCK mRNA and protein levels are substantially less in cancer cells and tissues than in normal cells. Consistent with this observation, cancer cells contract 3D collagen matrices much more slowly than normal cells. Interestingly, inhibiting MLCK or Rho kinase did not affect the 3D gel contractions while blebbistatin partially and cytochalasin D maximally inhibited contractions. Live cell imaging of cells in collagen gels showed that cytochalasin D inhibited filopodia-like projections that formed between cells while a MLCK inhibitor had no effect on these projections. These data suggest that myosin II phosphorylation is dispensable in regulating the mechanical properties of tumors. 相似文献
77.
The tumor-associated EpCAM regulates morphogenetic movements through intracellular signaling 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is best known as a tumor-associated protein highly expressed in carcinomas. The function of this cell surface protein during embryonic development and its potential role in cancer are still poorly understood. We identified EpCAM in a gain-of-function screen for inducers of abnormal tissue mixing during gastrulation. Elevated EpCAM levels in either the ectoderm or the mesoderm confer "invasive" properties to cells in both populations. We found that this phenotype represents an "overstimulation" of an essential activity of EpCAM in controlling cell movements during embryonic development. Surprisingly, this property is independent of the putative adhesive function of EpCAM, and rather relies on a novel signaling function that operates through down-regulation of PKC activity. We show that inhibition of novel PKCs accounts entirely for the invasive phenotype induced by abnormally high levels of EpCAM as well as for its normal function in regulating cell rearrangement during early development. 相似文献
78.
Many central pattern generating networks are influenced by synaptic input from modulatory projection neurons. The network
response to a projection neuron is sometimes mimicked by bath applying the neuronally-released modulator, despite the absence
of network interactions with the projection neuron. One interesting example occurs in the crab stomatogastric ganglion (STG),
where bath applying the neuropeptide pyrokinin (PK) elicits a gastric mill rhythm which is similar to that elicited by the
projection neuron modulatory commissural neuron 1 (MCN1), despite the absence of PK in MCN1 and the fact that MCN1 is not
active during the PK-elicited rhythm. MCN1 terminals have fast and slow synaptic actions on the gastric mill network and are
presynaptically inhibited by this network in the STG. These local connections are inactive in the PK-elicited rhythm, and
the mechanism underlying this rhythm is unknown. We use mathematical and biophysically-realistic modeling to propose potential
mechanisms by which PK can elicit a gastric mill rhythm that is similar to the MCN1-elicited rhythm. We analyze slow-wave
network oscillations using simplified mathematical models and, in parallel, develop biophysically-realistic models that account
for fast, action potential-driven oscillations and some spatial structure of the network neurons. Our results illustrate how
the actions of bath-applied neuromodulators can mimic those of descending projection neurons through mathematically similar
but physiologically distinct mechanisms. 相似文献
79.
Bhuniya D Umrani D Dave B Salunke D Kukreja G Gundu J Naykodi M Shaikh NS Shitole P Kurhade S De S Majumdar S Reddy SB Tambe S Shejul Y Chugh A Palle VP Mookhtiar KA Cully D Vacca J Chakravarty PK Nargund RP Wright SD Graziano MP Singh SB Roy S Cai TQ 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2011,21(12):3596-3602
GPR91, a 7TM G-Protein-Coupled Receptor, has been recently deorphanized with succinic acid as its endogenous ligand. Current literature indicates that GPR91 plays role in various pathophysiology including renal hypertension, autoimmune disease and retinal angiogenesis. Starting from a small molecule high-throughput screening hit 1 (hGPR91 IC50: 0.8 μM)—originally synthesized in Merck for Bradykinin B1 Receptor (BK1R) program, systematic structure-activity relationship study led us to discover potent and selective hGPR91 antagonists e.g. 2c, 4c, and 5g (IC50: 7-35 nM; >1000 fold selective against hGPR99, a closest related GPCR; >100 fold selective in Drug Matrix screening). This initial work also led to identification of two structurally distinct and orally bio-available lead compounds: 5g (%F: 26) and 7e (IC50: 180 nM; >100 fold selective against hGPR99; %F: 87). A rat pharmacodynamic assay was developed to characterize the antagonists in vivo using succinate induced increase in blood pressure. Using two representative antagonists, 2c and 4c, the GPR91 target engagement was subsequently demonstrated using the designed pharmacodynamic assay. 相似文献
80.