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101.
102.
Tan JC Miller BA Tan A Patel JJ Cheeseman IH Anderson TJ Manske M Maslen G Kwiatkowski DP Ferdig MT 《Genome biology》2011,12(4):R35
We present an optimized probe design for copy number variation (CNV) and SNP genotyping in the Plasmodium falciparum genome. We demonstrate that variable length and isothermal probes are superior to static length probes. We show that sample
preparation and hybridization conditions mitigate the effects of host DNA contamination in field samples. The microarray and
workflow presented can be used to identify CNVs and SNPs with 95% accuracy in a single hybridization, in field samples containing
up to 92% human DNA contamination. 相似文献
103.
Cardiovascular disease and stroke are predominant causes of death in developed countries. Rupture of atherosclerotic plaque in an artery wall and the ensuing thrombotic events are the triggers for acute ischemic injury in these diseases. Platelet activation and aggregation play key roles in this process of atherothrombosis. Anti-platelet drugs thus provide the primary therapeutic strategy to combat these diseases. Dual therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel is the current standard of care for most patients, but it has significant limitations. This provides an impetus for developing new anti-platelet drugs. One new drug has received FDA approval recently; prasugrel targets the platelet P2Y(12) receptor, just like clopidogrel. Several other new drugs are showing great promise in clinical trials and appear to be nearing approval. Some of these drugs have traditional targets on the platelets; others, such as vorapaxar, terutroban, and sarpogrelate, generate more excitement as they are directed against novel targets. 相似文献
104.
M Sobel D F Soler J C Kermode R B Harris 《The Journal of biological chemistry》1992,267(13):8857-8862
Human von Willebrand factor, a plasma glycoprotein which plays a critical role in regulating hemostasis, binds heparin, but the physiological importance and mode of this interaction is poorly understood. Using the motif of an amino acid sequence of a consensus heparin binding synthetic peptide, a 23-residue sequence (Tyr565-Ala587) of human von Willebrand factor was identified that retains the consensus motif and binds heparin with affinity comparable with native von Willebrand factor and the consensus peptide. In a fluid phase binding assay, the Tyr565-Ala587 peptide competed effectively with von Willebrand factor for binding heparin. Synthesis and testing of peptides overlapping Tyr565-Ala587, as well as adjacent cationic regions, showed this core sequence to be the optimal linear binding domain. Far ultraviolet circular dichroism spectrometry of the Tyr565-Ala587 peptide suggested that the peptide undergoes conformational change upon binding heparin. The Tyr565-Ala587 peptide thus encompasses part (or all) of a functionally important heparin binding domain of von Willebrand factor. Further study of this and related peptides may be useful for exploring how heparin may influence von Willebrand factor-mediated platelet hemostasis. 相似文献
105.
Deterioration of western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don) seeds: protein oxidation and in vivo NMR monitoring of storage oils 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Terskikh VV Zeng Y Feurtado JA Giblin M Abrams SR Kermode AR 《Journal of experimental botany》2008,59(4):765-777
Deterioration of conifer seeds during prolonged storage hasa negative impact on reforestation and gene conservation efforts.Western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don) is a speciesof tremendous value to the forest industry. The seeds of thisspecies are particularly prone to viability losses during long-termstorage. Reliable tools to assess losses in seed viability duringstorage and their underlying causes, as well as the developmentof methods to prevent storage-related deterioration of seedsare needed by the forest industry. In this work, various imagingmethods and biochemical analyses were applied to study deteriorationof western redcedar seeds. Seedlots that exhibited poor germinationperformance, i.e. those that had experienced the greatest lossesof viability during prolonged storage, exhibited greater abundanceof oxidized proteins, detected by protein oxidation assays,and more pronounced changes in their in vivo 13C NMR spectra,most likely due to storage oil oxidation. The proportion ofoxidized proteins also increased when seeds were subjected toaccelerated ageing treatments. Detection of oxidized oils andproteins may constitute a reliable and useful tool for the forestindustry. Key words: Conifer seeds, in vivo NMR spectroscopy, MRI, oil peroxidation, protein carbonylation, seed deterioration, seed storage, storage lipids, western redcedar
Received 23 May 2007; Revised 28 November 2007 Accepted 17 December 2007 相似文献
106.
The Glutaraldehyde test (GT), a rapid and inexpensive test, has been utilized empirically for many years in bovine practice
for diagnosing inflammatory diseases. GT is used primarily to demonstrate increased serum concentrations of fibrinogen and
globulin. Glutaraldehyde binds with free amino groups in fibrinogen and immunoglobulin to create a clot in a first degree
chemical reaction. The clotting time of the GT estimates the content of proteins produced in response to inflammation. The
applicability of GT for diagnosing inflammation in the horse has never been investigated. The objective of this study was
to determine the ability of GT to distinguish between acute and chronic inflammatory disease in horses. Thirty-seven horses
with suspected inflammatory diseases were evaluated using the GT, history, complete clinical examination and routine blood
analysis. GT-times, laboratory results and clinical outcome were compared statistically. Horses that were determined to be
acutely affected (based on history, clinical examination and routine blood analysis) tended to have a negative GT (75%). Results
of the GT did not correlate with blood fibrinogen concentration. Positive GT also predicted a fatal outcome in 69% of the
clinical cases. The results of this trial indicate that GT can be a useful screening test to distinguish between acute and
chronic inflammatory disease in horses. 相似文献
107.
108.
REL Paul T Lafond CDM Müller-Graf S Nithiuthai PT Brey JC Koella 《BMC evolutionary biology》2004,4(1):30
Background
Evolutionary theory suggests that the selection pressure on parasites to maximize their transmission determines their optimal host exploitation strategies and thus their virulence. Establishing the adaptive basis to parasite life history traits has important consequences for predicting parasite responses to public health interventions. In this study we examine the extent to which malaria parasites conform to the predicted adaptive trade-off between transmission and virulence, as defined by mortality. The majority of natural infections, however, result in sub-lethal virulent effects (e.g. anaemia) and are often composed of many strains. Both sub-lethal effects and pathogen population structure have been theoretically shown to have important consequences for virulence evolution. Thus, we additionally examine the relationship between anaemia and transmission in single and mixed clone infections. 相似文献109.
Development of yellow cedar seeds is completed by about 17-21 months after
pollination. Following dispersal from the parent plant, the seeds exhibit a
low capacity for germination and typically require an additional year to
meet their moist chilling requirements and break dormancy. Biochemical
analyses were undertaken in order to address whether seed dormancy is
imposed and maintained because the embryo or megagametophyte is immature at
the time of seed shedding and hence requires time to complete developmental
events before dormancy can be terminated. Major protein reserves of the
embryo and megagametophyte are the buffer-insoluble crystalloid (legumin)
storage proteins and the water-soluble albumin proteins. SDS-PAGE,
fluorography of in vivo synthesized proteins and
Western blot analyses showed that the greatest increase in protein reserve
synthesis and accumulation occurred between the first and second years of
development; deposition of soluble and insoluble storage protein was
largely completed in seeds of second-year cones by August, 2-3 months prior
to seed dispersal. The period associated with greatest accumulation of
storage proteins was accompanied by an increased accumulation of two
ER-resident proteins associated with post-translational maturation of
storage proteins (binding protein and protein disulphide isomerase).
Accumulation of proteins implicated in the acquisition of desiccation
tolerance (dehydrins and the tonoplast intrinsic protein, -TiP) occurred between the first and second years
of development. Several heat-stable proteins and some of the proteins
associated with late development continued to be synthesized after seed
shedding and in 13 d moist-chilled mature seeds. However, this did not
include the major dehydrin-like protein of yellow cedar seeds. Further, the
continued synthesis of heat-stable proteins does not appear to be a factor
preventing the germination of yellow cedar seeds following dispersal from
the parent plant; rather, the mechanism of dormancy is primarily
coat-imposed. 相似文献
110.
Involvement of caspase-3 in epigallocatechin-3-gallate-mediated apoptosis of human chondrosarcoma cells 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Islam S Islam N Kermode T Johnstone B Mukhtar H Moskowitz RW Goldberg VM Malemud CJ Haqqi TM 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2000,270(3):793-797
Green tea polyphenol-(-)epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)-is a potent chemopreventive agent in many test systems and has been shown to inhibit tumor promotion and induce apoptosis. In this study we describe a novel observation that EGCG displayed strong inhibitory effects on the proliferation and viability of HTB-94 human chondrosarcoma cells in a dose-dependent manner and induced apoptosis. Investigation of the mechanism of EGCG-induced apoptosis revealed that treatment with EGCG resulted in DNA fragmentation, induction of caspase-3/CPP32 activity, and cleavage of the death substrate poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP). Pretreatment of cells with a synthetic pan-caspase inhibitor (Z-VAD-FMK) and a caspase-3-specific inhibitor (DEVD-CHO) prevented EGCG-induced PARP cleavage. The induction of apoptosis by EGCG via activation of caspase-3/CPP32-like proteases may provide a mechanistic explanation for its antitumor effects. 相似文献