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991.
Sekine M Monkawa T Morizane R Matsuoka K Taya C Akita Y Joh K Itoh H Hayashi M Kikkawa Y Kohno K Suzuki A Yonekawa H 《Transgenic research》2012,21(1):51-62
The proximal straight tubule (S3 segment) of the kidney is highly susceptible to ischemia and toxic insults but has a remarkable capacity to repair its structure and function. In response to such injuries, complex processes take place to regenerate the epithelial cells of the S3 segment; however, the precise molecular mechanisms of this regeneration are still being investigated. By applying the ??toxin receptor mediated cell knockout?? method under the control of the S3 segment-specific promoter/enhancer, Gsl5, which drives core 2 ??-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase gene expression, we established a transgenic mouse line expressing the human diphtheria toxin (DT) receptor only in the S3 segment. The administration of DT to these transgenic mice caused the selective ablation of S3 segment cells in a dose-dependent manner, and transgenic mice exhibited polyuria containing serum albumin and subsequently developed oliguria. An increase in the concentration of blood urea nitrogen was also observed, and the peak BUN levels occurred 3?C7?days after DT administration. Histological analysis revealed that the most severe injury occurred in the S3 segments of the proximal tubule, in which tubular cells were exfoliated into the tubular lumen. In addition, aquaporin 7, which is localized exclusively to the S3 segment, was diminished. These results indicate that this transgenic mouse can suffer acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by S3 segment-specific damage after DT administration. This transgenic line offers an excellent model to uncover the mechanisms of AKI and its rapid recovery. 相似文献
992.
Imura K Yoshioka T Hikita I Tsukahara K Hirasawa T Higashino K Gahara Y Arimura A Sakata T 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2007,363(3):479-483
We recently reported that Gly573Ser substitution of the transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V member 3 (TRPV3) caused hair loss in DS-Nh mice. To further elucidate the effects of this mutation on the development of the spontaneous hairless phenotype, we examined the temperature-response to epidermal sheets from DS-Nh and DS mice. It was indicated that the mutation was gain-of-function. We also performed genetic and histological analyses with both strain skins. DNA microarray data revealed that the levels of keratin-associated protein 16-1, 16-3, and 16-9 genes related to the anagen phase were decreased in the skins of DS-Nh mice compared with those of three days old DS mice. Histological analysis revealed that the anagen phase persisted in DS-Nh mice, and that the telogen phase was seen in DS but not DS-Nh mice at 21 days of age. Regulation of TRPV3 appears to be important for appropriate hair development in rodents. 相似文献
993.
Aurora controls sister kinetochore mono-orientation and homolog bi-orientation in meiosis-I 下载免费PDF全文
Hauf S Biswas A Langegger M Kawashima SA Tsukahara T Watanabe Y 《The EMBO journal》2007,26(21):4475-4486
Aurora-B kinases are important regulators of mitotic chromosome segregation, where they are required for the faithful bi-orientation of sister chromatids. In contrast to mitosis, sister chromatids have to be oriented toward the same spindle pole in meiosis-I, while homologous chromosomes are bi-oriented. We find that the fission yeast Aurora kinase Ark1 is required for the faithful bi-orientation of sister chromatids in mitosis and of homologous chromosomes in meiosis-I. Unexpectedly, Ark1 is also necessary for the faithful mono-orientation of sister chromatids in meiosis-I, even though the canonical mono-orientation pathway, which depends on Moa1 and Rec8, seems intact. Our data suggest that Ark1 prevents unified sister kinetochores during metaphase-I from merotelic attachment to both spindle poles and thus from being torn apart during anaphase-I, revealing a novel mechanism promoting monopolar attachment. Furthermore, our results provide an explanation for the previously enigmatic observation that fission yeast Shugoshin Sgo2, which assists in loading Aurora to centromeres, and its regulator Bub1 are required for the mono-orientation of sister chromatids in meiosis-I. 相似文献
994.
Density-dependent mortality has been considered a symptom of intraspecific competition. We examined the occurrence of such
mortality in the early stages of gall induction by the gall midge Asphondylia aucubae Yukawa et Ohsaki (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Female midges deposit eggs into young fruit of the dioecious shrub Aucuba japonica Thunberg to induce gall formation. Each host fruit received 0–67 eggs (mean 18.5 eggs) from multiple females, whereas established
galls each contained one to ten larvae. Midges suffered intense mortality (65–90%) at the egg stage. Egg mortality occurred
even in fruit in which no larvae had hatched, suggesting that this mortality cannot be wholly attributed to larval interference.
Egg mortality was affected by fruit size, i.e., resource capacity. Midges distributed more eggs in larger fruit. Egg mortality
increased as the per-fruit density increased relative to fruit size. In contrast, the mortality of hatchlings was density-independent.
Our results suggest that A. aucubae intensely compete for gall-induction substrates, which are spatiotemporally rare resources. 相似文献
995.
Increased expression of the auxin-inducible gene PsIAA4/5 was observed in the elongated side of epicotyls in early growth stages of etiolated pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Alaska) seedlings grown in a horizontal or an inclined position under 1 g conditions. Under simulated microgravity conditions on a 3D clinostat, accumulation of PsIAA4/5 mRNA was found throughout epicotyls showing automorphosis. Polar auxin transport in the proximal side of epicotyls changed
when the seedlings were grown in a horizontal or an inclined position under 1 g conditions, but that under clinorotation did not, regardless of the direction of seed setting. Accumulation of PsPIN1 and PsPIN2 mRNAs in epicotyls was affected by gravistimulation, but not by clinorotation. Under 1 g conditions, auxin-transport inhibitors made epicotyls of seedlings grown in a horizontal or inclined position grow toward
the proximal direction to cotyledons. These inhibitors led to epicotyl bending toward the cotyledons in seedlings grown in
an inclined position under clinorotation. Polar auxin transport, as well as growth direction, of epicotyls of the agravitropic
mutant ageotropum did not respond to various gravistimulation. These results suggest that alteration of polar auxin transport in the proximal
side of epicotyls regulates the graviresponse of pea epicotyls. 相似文献
996.
Eri Nishihara Shirng-Wern Tsaih Chieko Tsukahara Sarah Langley Susan Sheehan Keith DiPetrillo Satoshi Kunita Ken-ichi Yagami Gary A. Churchill Beverly Paigen Fumihiro Sugiyama 《Mammalian genome》2007,18(8):573-583
In a previous study in 15 inbred mouse strains, we found highest and lowest systolic blood pressures in NZO/HILtJ mice (metabolic
syndrome) and C3H/HeJ mice (common lean strain), respectively. To identify the loci involved in hypertension in metabolic
syndrome, we performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis for blood pressure with direction of cross as a covariate in
segregating F2 males derived from NZO/HILtJ and C3H/HeJ mice. We detected three suggestive main-effect QTLs affecting systolic and diastolic
blood pressures (SBP and DBP). We analyzed the first principle component (PC1) generated from SBP and DBP to investigate blood
pressure. In addition to all the suggestive QTLs (Chrs 1, 3, and 8) in SBP and DBP, one suggestive QTL on Chr 4 was found
in PC1 in the main scan. Simultaneous search identified two significant epistatic locus pairs (Chrs 1 and 4, Chrs 4 and 8)
for PC1. Multiple regression analysis revealed three blood pressure QTLs (Bpq10, 100 cM on Chr 1; Bpq11, 6 cM on Chr 4; Bpq12, 29 cM on Chr 8) accounting for 29.4% of blood pressure variance. These were epistatic interaction QTLs constructing a small
network centered on Chr 4, suggesting the importance of genetic interaction for development of hypertension. The blood pressure
QTLs on Chrs 1, 4, and 8 were detected repeatedly in multiple studies using common inbred nonobese mouse strains, implying
substantial QTL independent of development of obesity and insulin resistance. These results enhance our understanding of complicated
genetic factors of hypertension in metabolic diseases.
Eri Nishihara, Shirng-Wern Tsaih, Chieko Tsukahara and Sarah Langley contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
997.
Sasaki S Inoguchi T Muta K Abe Y Zhang M Hiasa K Egashira K Sonoda N Kobayashi K Takayanagi R Nawata H 《American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology》2007,292(1):H657-H665
Recent reports have demonstrated that erythroid progenitor cells contain and secrete various angiogenic cytokines. Here, the impact of erythroid colony-forming cell (ECFC) implantation on therapeutic angiogenesis was investigated in murine models of hindlimb ischemia. During the in vitro differentiation, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion by ECFCs was observed from day 3 (burst-forming unit erythroid cells) to day 10 (erythroblasts). ECFCs from day 5 to day 7 (colony-forming unit erythroid cells) showed the highest VEGF productivity, and day 6 ECFCs were used for the experiments. ECFCs contained larger amounts of VEGF and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) than peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs). In tubule formation assays with human umbilical vein endothelial cells, ECFCs stimulated 1.5-fold more capillary growth than PBMNCs, and this effect was suppressed by antibodies against VEGF and FGF-2. Using an immunodeficient hindlimb ischemia model and laser-Doppler imaging, we evaluated the limb salvage rate and blood perfusion after intramuscular implantation of ECFCs. ECFC implantation increased both the salvage rate (38% vs. 0%, P < 0.05) and the blood perfusion (82.8% vs. 65.6%, P < 0.01). In addition, ECFCs implantation also significantly increased capillaries with recruitment of vascular smooth muscle cells and the capillary density was 1.6-fold higher than in the control group. Continuous production of human VEGF from ECFCs in the skeletal muscle was confirmed at least 7 days after the implantation. Implantation of ECFCs promoted angiogenesis in ischemic limbs by supplying angiogenic cytokines (VEGF and FGF-2), suggesting a possible novel strategy for therapeutic angiogenesis. 相似文献
998.
999.
We determined a draft genome sequence for Moorella thermoacetica strain Y72, a syngas-assimilating bacterium with high transformation efficiency. This strain was confirmed to be M. thermoacetica because its overall genome sequence characteristics were similar to those of M. thermoacetica strain ATCC39073. Y72 was confirmed to carry all the genes encoding the enzymes in the reductive acetyl-CoA pathway, with very high similarities to those of ATCC39073. In addition, it was confirmed to assimilate carbon dioxide using this pathway. However, although both Y72 and ATCC39073 carried common genes encoding several enzymes related to the reductive tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, their gene sets were different. Our results suggested that the reason for higher transformation efficiency in Y72 than that in ATCC39073, a reference strain of M. thermoacetica, may be that Y72 possesses only 2 sets of genes considered to be involved in a restriction–modification system, which was half of those found in ATCC39073. 相似文献
1000.
Kenichiro Hanawa Kenta Ito Kentaro Aizawa Tomohiko Shindo Kensuke Nishimiya Yuhi Hasebe Ryuji Tuburaya Hideyuki Hasegawa Satoshi Yasuda Hiroshi Kanai Hiroaki Shimokawa 《PloS one》2014,9(8)