麻疹病毒血凝素基因助融合(Fusion helper)活性区的定位

在利用ＰＣＲ方法克隆麻疹病毒Ｌ４株血凝素（ＨＡ）基因的过程中,获得了一个助融合活性丢失的Ｂ号克隆。其氨基酸序列与具有助融合活性的Ａ号克隆相比,有４个位点不同,分别位于９６、１１７、１４８及５４３位。通过基因间部分序列的交换及定点回复突变,获得了相应位点的突变体。对这些突变体的助融合活性研究发现,１１７、１４８及５４３位氨基酸的改变不影响助融合活性,而当９６位脯氨酸定点回复突变为亮氨酸后,Ｂ克隆血凝素蛋白获得了助融合活性。提示ＨＡ蛋白９６位氨基酸是影响助融合活性的一个重要氨基酸。     

小麦纹枯病菌氮素营养的研究

研究了培养基中硫酸铵、亚硝酸钠、尿素、酪氨酸、丝氨酸、赖氨酸、丙氨酸、精氨 酸、亮氨酸、组氨酸、胱氨酸和脯氨酸等 １２种氮源对小麦纹枯病菌（Ｒｈｉｚｏｃｔｏｎｉａ　ｃｅｒｅａｌｉｓ）生 长的影响．结果表明,对小麦纹枯病菌生长最适宜的氨基酸是亮氨酸和脯氨酸,对铵盐、亚 硝酸盐和硝酸盐均能有效利用,对胱氨酸和赖氨酸利用能力最差．最后对小麦纹枯病菌的 Ｎ素营养与病害的发展和小麦植株营养状态之间的关系进行了讨论．     

高价麻疹单克隆抗体的研制和应用

作者曾报道过,获取高价单克隆抗体(McAb)与免疫方法有关。本文报道获得麻疹高价单克隆抗的途径,以及将其用作捕捉抗体以提高ELISA双抗体夹心法检测麻疹IgG抗体的敏感性。     

长效胰岛素的分子设计研究

以工程化制备由分子内在因素制导的可溶性长效胰岛素为目标,提出以“增加次级键,稳化寡聚体”原理,用以减缓注射进入体内的胰岛素六聚体的解聚速率,形成能持续供应胰岛素单体的“库”,从而获得长效作用。据此以精确的胰岛素三维结构为基础,进行了分子设计和计算机模拟,提出了对胰岛素的B链c端和N端修饰产生长效性的分子改造方案,重点分析了B2Lys/Arg和B31Lys/Arg胰岛素。用化学半合成制备的上列二种胰岛素,生物学测试表明确有长效性。2埃分辨率B31-Arg人胰岛素晶体结构的测定显示了Arg-B31与相邻分子Glu-B21间存在一对附加氢键作为长效效应的主要结构基础,证实分子设计思想的基本正确性。     

Long non‐coding RNA SNHG14 induces trastuzumab resistance of breast cancer via regulating PABPC1 expression through H3K27 acetylation

Currently, resistance to trastuzumab, a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) inhibitor, has become one major obstacle for improving the clinical outcome of patients with advanced HER2⁺ breast cancer. While cell behaviour can be modulated by long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs), the contributions of lncRNAs in progression and trastuzumab resistance of breast cancer are largely unknown. To this end, the involvement and regulatory functions of lncRNA SNHG14 in human breast cancer were investigated. RT‐qPCR assay showed that SNHG14 was up‐regulated in breast cancer tissues and associated with trastuzumab response. Gain‐ and loss‐of‐function experiments revealed that overexpression of SNHG14 promotes cell proliferation, invasion and trastuzumab resistance, whereas knockdown of SNHG14 showed an opposite effect. PABPC1 gene was identified as a downstream target of SNHG14, and PABPC1 mediates the SNHG14‐induced oncogenic effects. More importantly, ChIP assays demonstrated that lncRNA SNHG14 may induce PABPC1 expression through modulating H3K27 acetylation in the promoter of PABPC1 gene, thus resulting in the activation of Nrf2 signalling pathway. These data suggest that lncRNA SNHG14 promotes breast cancer tumorigenesis and trastuzumab resistance through regulating PABPC1 expression through H3K27 acetylation. Therefore, SNHG14 may serve as a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target for breast cancer patients.     

血影内Th~（3＋）在脉冲电场作用下外渗的动态研究

利用改进后的Ｔｂ／ＤＰＡ荧光方法对在脉冲电场作用下人血影内Ｔｂ离子外渗的动力学过程进行了系统的研究。对不同场强和脉宽的电场处理的离子外渗量与时间的关系和电穿孔总面积随时间的变化进行了测量。结果表明,离子外渗的主要方式是由膜两侧浓度梯度导致的离子自由扩散。当脉冲宽度或强度两者之一给定的情况下,均存在临界场强和临界脉宽,在临界点以上电场作用下,膜上出现明显的电穿孔。在实验条件下,电穿孔的面积在２００－３００ｍｓ时达最大值,孔的面积和扩展速度与电场参数有关。临界点以下电场处理后,虽仍能测出离子的外渗,膜上可能未出现明显的电穿孔。     

广西唇形科植物新记录

该文首次报道了唇形科5种植物在广西的新记录——簇序属(Craniotome Reichenb.)及簇序草[Craniotome furcata(Link)Kuntze]、西南水苏[Stachys kouyangensis(Vaniot)Dunn]、海南深红鸡脚参[Orthosiphon rubicundus(D.Don)Benth.var.hainanensis Sun ex C.Y.Wu]、黄花香薷[Elsholtzia flava(Benth.)Benth.]、滨海白绒草[Leucas chinensis(Retz.)R.Br.]。引证标本均存放于广西中医药研究院标本馆(GXMI)。     

Generation of marker-free transgenic rice using CRISPR/Cas9 system controlled by ?oral speci?c promoters

Recently, the CRISPR/Cas9 system has been used as a powerful tool for genome editing in many species (Jinek et al., 2012;Cong et al., 2013;Wright et al., 2016;Li et al., 2017;Deng et al., 2018). The CR1SPR/Cas9 system can not only be used as a useful technology to disrupt endogenous genes but also expand numerous other applications, such as precise base editing (Komor et al., 2016;Zong et al., 2017), regulation of gene expression (Gilbert et al., 2013), and gene replacement or insertion (Wang et al., 2017).     

OsSGO1 maintains synaptonemal complex stabilization in addition to protecting centromeric cohesion during rice meiosis

Shugoshin is a conserved protein in eukaryotes that protects the centromeric cohesin of sister chromatids from cleavage by separase during meiosis. In this study, we identify the rice (Oryza sativa, 2n=2x=24) homolog of ZmSGO1 in maize (Zea mays), named OsSGO1. During both mitosis and meiosis, OsSGO1 is recruited from nucleoli onto centromeres at the onset of prophase. In the Tos17-insertional Ossgo1-1 mutant, centromeres of sister chromatids separate precociously from each other from metaphase I, which causes unequal chromosome segregation during meiosis II. Moreover, the release of OsSGO1 from nucleoli is completely blocked in Ossgo1-1, which leads to the absence of OsSGO1 in centromeric regions after the onset of mitosis and meiosis. Furthermore, the timely assembly and maintenance of synaptonemal complexes during early prophase I are affected in Ossgo1 mutants. Finally, we found that the centromeric localization of OsSGO1 depends on OsAM1, not other meiotic proteins such as OsREC8, PAIR2, OsMER3, or ZEP1.