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51.
Background
Overall pandemic A (H1N1) influenza vaccination rates remain low across all nations, including Japan. To increase the rates, it is important to understand the motives and barriers for the acceptance of the vaccine. We conducted this study to determine potential predictors of the uptake of A (H1N1) influenza vaccine in a cohort of Japanese general population.Methodology/Principal Findings
By using self-administered questionnaires, this population-based longitudinal study was conducted from October 2009 to April 2010 among 428 adults aged 18–65 years randomly selected from each household residing in four wards and one city in Tokyo. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. Of total, 38.1% of participants received seasonal influenza vaccine during the preceding season, 57.0% had willingness to accept A (H1N1) influenza vaccine at baseline, and 12.1% had received A (H1N1) influenza vaccine by the time of follow-up. After adjustment for potential confounding variables, people who had been vaccinated were significantly more likely to be living with an underlying disease (p = 0.001), to perceive high susceptibility to influenza (p = 0.03), to have willingness to pay even if the vaccine costs ≥ US$44 (p = 0.04), to have received seasonal influenza vaccine during the preceding season (p<0.001), and to have willingness to accept A (H1N1) influenza vaccine at baseline (p<0.001) compared to those who had not been vaccinated.Conclusions/Significance
While studies have reported high rates of willingness to receive A (H1N1) influenza vaccine, these rates may not transpire in the actual practices. The uptake of the vaccine may be determined by several potential factors such as perceived susceptibility to influenza and sensitivity to vaccination cost in general population. 相似文献52.
The class II phosphoinositide 3-kinase C2beta is not essential for epidermal differentiation
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Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) regulate an array of cellular processes and are comprised of three classes. Class I PI3Ks include the well-studied agonist-sensitive p110 isoforms; however, the functions of class II and III PI3Ks are less well characterized. Of the three class II PI3Ks, C2alpha and C2beta are widely expressed in many tissues, including the epidermis, while C2gamma is confined to the liver. In contrast to the class I PI3K p110alpha, which is expressed throughout the epidermis, C2beta was found to be localized in suprabasal cells, suggesting a potential role for C2beta in epidermal differentiation. Overexpressing C2beta in epidermal cells in vitro induced differentiation markers. To study a role for C2beta in tissue, we generated transgenic mice overexpressing C2beta in both suprabasal and basal epidermal layers. These mice lacked epidermal abnormalities. Mice deficient in C2beta were then generated by targeted gene deletion. C2beta knockout mice were viable and fertile and displayed normal epidermal growth, differentiation, barrier function, and wound healing. To exclude compensation by C2alpha, RNA interference was then used to knock down both C2alpha and C2beta in epidermal cells simultaneously. Induction of differentiation markers was unaffected in the absence of C2alpha and C2beta. These findings indicate that class II PI3Ks are not essential for epidermal differentiation. 相似文献
53.
Hepatitis C virus suppresses the IRE1-XBP1 pathway of the unfolded protein response 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
Tardif KD Mori K Kaufman RJ Siddiqui A 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2004,279(17):17158-17164
54.
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor contains multiple cavities and L-shaped ligand-binding domains
Sato C Hamada K Ogura T Miyazawa A Iwasaki K Hiroaki Y Tani K Terauchi A Fujiyoshi Y Mikoshiba K 《Journal of molecular biology》2004,336(1):155-164
Calcium concentrations are strictly regulated in all biological cells, and one of the key molecules responsible for this regulation is the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, which was known to form a homotetrameric Ca(2+) channel in the endoplasmic reticulum. The receptor is involved in neuronal transmission via Ca(2+) signaling and for many other functions that relate to morphological and physiological processes in living organisms. We analysed the three-dimensional structure of the ligand-free form of the receptor based on a single-particle technique using an originally developed electron microscope equipped with a helium-cooled specimen stage and an automatic particle picking system. We propose a model that explains the complex mechanism for the regulation of Ca(2+) release by co-agonists, Ca(2+), inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate based on the structure of multiple internal cavities and a porous balloon-shaped cytoplasmic domain containing a prominent L-shaped density which was assigned by the X-ray structure of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate binding domain. 相似文献
55.
Cryptosporidium spp. has been found in more than 150 species of mammals, but there has been no report in mongooses. In this study, we report the isolation of Cryptosporidium sp. in a banded mongoose Mungos mungo, which was brought from Tanzania to Japan; the isolate was analyzed genetically to validate the occurrence of a new, host-adapted genotype. Cryptosporidium diagnostic fragments of 18S ribosomal RNA and 70-kDa heat shock protein genes were amplified from this isolate and compared with the other Cryptosporidium species and genotypes reported previously. Analyses showed that the mongoose isolate represents a new genotype, closely related to that of bears. 相似文献
56.
Tadanori Mitsuma Kazutoshi Tani Yoko Hiroaki Hiroshi Suzuki Hiroshi Hibino Yoshinori Fujiyoshi 《Journal of molecular biology》2010,402(4):669-681
Phosphorylation of Ser180 in cytoplasmic loop D has been shown to reduce the water permeability of aquaporin (AQP) 4, the predominant water channel in the brain. However, when the structure of the S180D mutant (AQP4M23S180D), which was generated to mimic phosphorylated Ser180, was determined to 2.8 Å resolution using electron diffraction patterns, it showed no significant differences from the structure of the wild-type channel. High-resolution density maps usually do not resolve protein regions that are only partially ordered, but these can sometimes be seen in lower-resolution density maps calculated from electron micrographs. We therefore used images of two-dimensional crystals and determined the structure of AQP4M23S180D at 10 Å resolution. The features of the 10-Å density map are consistent with those of the previously determined atomic model; in particular, there were no indications of any obstruction near the cytoplasmic pore entrance. In addition, water conductance measurements, both in vitro and in vivo, show the same water permeability for wild-type and mutant AQP4M23, suggesting that the S180D mutation neither reduces water conduction through a conformational change nor reduces water conduction by interacting with a protein that would obstruct the cytoplasmic channel entrance. Finally, the 10-Å map shows a cytoplasmic density in between four adjacent tetramers that most likely represents the association of four N termini. This finding supports the critical role of the N terminus of AQP4 in the stabilization of orthogonal arrays, as well as their interference through lipid modification of cysteine residues in the longer N-terminal isoform. 相似文献
57.
The crystal structure of Bifidobacterium longum phosphoketolase, a thiamine diphosphate (TPP) dependent enzyme, has been determined at 2.2 Å resolution. The enzyme is a dimer with the active sites located at the interface between the two identical subunits with molecular mass of 92.5 kDa. The bound TPP is almost completely shielded from solvent except for the catalytically important C2-carbon of the thiazolium ring, which can be accessed by a substrate sugar through a narrow funnel-shaped channel. In silico docking studies of B. longum phosphoketolase with its substrate enable us to propose a model for substrate binding.
Structured summary
MINT-7985878: PKT (uniprotkb:Q6R2Q7) and PKT (uniprotkb:Q6R2Q7) bind (MI:0407) by X-ray crystallography (MI:0114) 相似文献58.
Yamazaki S Sokejima S Mizoue T Eboshida A Kabuto M Yamaguchi N Akiba S Fukuhara S Nitta H 《Bioelectromagnetics》2006,27(6):473-478
We examined the association between residential proximity to 60 Hz high voltage (22-500 kV) overhead transmission lines (HVOTLs) and mental health (MH). The subjects were 223 mothers with a mean age of 37 years. The distance from the subject's residence to the closest HVOTL was measured on a map. MH status was assessed by the SF-36 Health Survey, which was scored on a 0-100 point scale, and an individual with a score of 52 points or less was defined as having poor MH. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association between the distance from the subjects' residence to the closest HVOTL and MH status. The prevalence of poor MH was 15%. Among the 223 subjects, 10 lived within 100 m of a HVOTL. The adjusted odds ratios (OR) for poor MH among those who lived 101-300 m or within 100 m from HVOTL were 1.29 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.35-10.13) and 1.87 (95% CI: 0.35-10.13), respectively, against the reference category (300+ m). MH status was not significantly associated with the distance between the subject's residence and the closest HVOTL. 相似文献
59.
13C NMR spectra of [3-(13)C]Ala- and [1-(13)C]Val-labeled D85N mutant of bacteriorhodopsin (bR) reconstituted in egg PC or DMPC bilayers were recorded to gain insight into their secondary structures and dynamics. They were substantially suppressed as compared with those of 2D crystals, especially at the loops and several transmembrane alphaII-helices. Surprisingly, the 13C NMR spectra of [3-(13)C]Ala-D85N turned out to be very similar to those of [3-(13)C]Ala-bR in lipid bilayers, in spite of the presence of globular conformational and dynamics changes in the former as found from 2D crystalline preparations. No further spectral change was also noted between the ground (pH 7) and M-like state (pH 10) as far as D85N in lipid bilayers was examined, in spite of their distinct changes in the 2D crystalline state. This is mainly caused by that the resulting 13C NMR peaks which are sensitive to conformation and dynamics changes in the loops and several transmembrane alphaII-helices of the M-like state are suppressed already by fluctuation motions in the order of 10(4)-10(5) Hz interfered with frequencies of magic angle spinning or proton decoupling. However, 13C NMR signal from the cytoplasmic alpha-helix protruding from the membrane surface is not strongly influenced by 2D crystal or monomer. Deceptively simplified carbonyl 13C NMR signals of the loop and transmembrane alpha-helices followed by Pro residues in [1-(13)C]Val-labeled bR and D85N in 2D crystal are split into two peaks for reconstituted preparations in the absence of 2D crystalline lattice. Fortunately, 13C NMR spectral feature of reconstituted [1-(13)C]Val and [3-(13)C]Ala-labeled bR and D85N was recovered to yield characteristic feature of 2D crystalline form in gel-forming lipids achieved at lowered temperatures. 相似文献
60.
Nayu Ikeda Manami Inoue Hiroyasu Iso Shunya Ikeda Toshihiko Satoh Mitsuhiko Noda Tetsuya Mizoue Hironori Imano Eiko Saito Kota Katanoda Tomotaka Sobue Shoichiro Tsugane Mohsen Naghavi Majid Ezzati Kenji Shibuya 《PLoS medicine》2012,9(1)