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811.
Laing David G.; Prescott John; Bell Graham A.; Gillmore Robin; James Catherine; Best D.John; Allen Suzanne; Yoshida Masaaki; Yamazaki Kazumi 《Chemical senses》1993,18(2):161-168
As part of a larger cross-cultural study of the chemoreceptiveabilities and preferences of Australians and Japanese, thisstudy investigated the differential taste sensitivity of subjectsfrom both cultures. The results indicate that there are no significantdifferences between the abilities of subjects from the two culturesto discriminate small increments (just noticeable differences)in the intensities of the four common tastants: sucrose, sodiumchloride, citric acid and caffeine. Furthermore, the Weber ratiosfound with each tastant were within the range of those reportedin the literature. These findings represent further evidencefor the view that differences in responses of subjects fromdifferent cultures to chemosensory stimuli are restricted topreference behaviour arising from experience rather than fromgenetically-based influences.
3Present address: Faculty of Science and Technology, Universityof Western Sydney, Bourke Street, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia
4Present address: CSIRO Biometrics Unit, Institute of AnimalProduction and Processing, PO BOx 52 North Ryde NSW 2113, Australia 相似文献
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814.
Hiromi Mutsuura Kenji Kanbara Mikihiko Fukunaga Kazumi Yamamoto Ikumi Ban Kana Kitamura Yoshihide Nakai 《Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback》2009,34(4):291-298
Patients presenting with functional somatic syndrome (FSS) are common, and the symptoms are persistent and difficult to treat
for doctors and costly for society. The aim of this study was to clarify the common pathophysiology of FSS, especially the
relationship between hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function and psychological characteristics of patients with
FSS. The subjects were 45 patients with FSS and 29 healthy controls. Salivary free cortisol was measured in the morning, and
psychological tests examining depression, anxiety and quality of life (QOL) were performed on the same day. In patients with
FSS, depressive scores showed a significant negative correlation with salivary free cortisol in the morning, although in healthy
controls, cortisol showed a significant positive correlation with depressive scores. In addition, the correlation between
other psychological test scores and cortisol secretion in patients with FSS contrasted with that of controls. The relationship
between cortisol and depression, anxiety or QOL, suggests that the HPA axis of patients with FSS is dysfunctional and does
not function properly when patients with FSS are under stress. This dysfunction may explain the pathology of medically unexplained
persistent symptoms of patients with FSS. 相似文献
815.
816.
Summary Cecum from chickens, 4 wk old, can best be maintained for 24 h in a serum-free organ culture system using Trowell T8 medium
agar sheet at 25°C. As determined by light microscopy as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy, mucosal architecture
involving classic ultrastructure of chicken cecal mucosa was preserved. Protein content of cecal explants did not change up
to 48 h of culture. DNA content of cecal explants did not change up to 24 h of culture but decreased significantly to two-thirds
of control in 48 h of culture. Based on the morphologic and physiologic findings, it became evident that this organ culture
system using Trowell T8 medium at 25°C can be successfully used as an in vitro experimental model for as long as 24 h. The
organ culture system could be a useful tool, from the structural integrity of ceca observed in this study, in investigating
mucosal function and mucosal response to drugs, carcinogens, trophic factors, and pathogens. 相似文献
817.
Kiyoshi Tanaka Tomoko Sano Kozo Ishizuka Kazumi Kitta Yukio Kawamura 《Physiologia plantarum》1994,91(3):353-358
Glutathione reductase (GR; EC 1.6.4.2) was purified from spinach roots (rGR) to homogeneity in terms of SDS-PAGE, and its properties were compared with those of the enzyme from spinach leaves (IGR). The two enzymes had similar native molecular (118000) and subunit masses (58000) and immunochemical properties, but different pH optima (ca pH 7.8 for IGR, ca pH 7.2 for rGR) and amino acid compositions. Peptide maps of two GRs showed that they differed from each other. The N-terminal amino acid of the IGR was glycine and that of the rGR was blocked. The partial amino acid sequence of the N-terminal region of the IGR was determined to the 11 th residue and it was found that the sequence of 8 amino acids of the IGR had 100% homology with that of the putative chloroplast GR from Arabidopsis and pea. 相似文献
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819.
The conventional methods of gas liquid chromatography or mass spectrometry failed to be useful for the identification of the biliary 3β, 7α-hydroxychol--en-24-oic acid, a key intermediate of chenodeoxycholic acid biogenesis. It has been preliminarily reported that this acid in human bile was successfully identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, after the methoxylation of its allyl alcohol group. Physical as well as spectral properties of the methoxylation products derived from the acid were reported, compared with those from its 7β-epimer. 相似文献
820.
Shuji Matsumoto Megumi Shimodozono Seiji Etoh Yurika Shimozono Nobuyuki Tanaka Kazumi Kawahira 《International journal of biometeorology》2010,54(4):465-473
Footbaths are considered to provide beneficial thermal therapy for post-stroke patients with spasticity, but their anti-spastic
effects have not been investigated comprehensively. The present study aimed to evaluate alterations in motor-neuron excitability
using F-wave parameters in post-stroke patients with spastic hemiplegia. Subjects’ legs below the knee joint were immersed
in water at 41°C and F-wave recordings were made over the abductor hallucis muscle before, immediately after, and 30 min after
thermal treatment. Antidromic stimulation was performed on the tibial nerve at the ankle. Measurements included F-wave amplitude,
F-wave/M-response ratio, changes in modified Ashworth scale (MAS), body temperature and surface-skin temperature. The mean
values of both F-wave parameters were higher on the affected side before footbath treatment. In post-stroke patients, the
mean values of F-wave parameters were significantly reduced after footbath treatment (P < 0.01). The anti-spastic effects of footbath treatment were indicated by decreased F-wave parameters, in parallel with decreases
in MAS. Body temperature was significantly increased both immediately after, and 30 min following footbath treatment in both
groups, which appeared to play an important role in decreased spasticity. Surface-skin temperature increased immediately after
footbath treatment in both groups and returned to baseline 30 min later. These findings demonstrate that the use of footbaths
is an effective nonpharmacological anti-spastic treatment that might facilitate stroke rehabilitation. 相似文献