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991.
992.
Hiromichi Tanaka Hiroyuki Hayakawa Sachiko Shibata Kazuhiro Haraguchi Tadashi Miyasaka Kosaku Hirota 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2013,32(2-4):319-328
Abstract 6-Methyluridine can be synthesized from 5′-O-(tert-butyl-dimethylsilyl)-6-iodo-2′,3′-O-isopropylideneuridine via palladiumcatalyzed cross-coupling with Me4Sn followed by deprotection. Application of this method for the synthesis of 6-phenyluridine was also carried out. 相似文献
993.
Taketeru Tomita Masaru Nakamura Keiichi Sato Hiroko Takaoka Minoru Toda Junro Kawauchi Kazuhiro Nakaya 《PloS one》2014,9(10)
Respiration in fishes involves buccal pumping, which is characterized by the generation of nearly continuous water flow over the gills because of the rhythmic expansion/compression of the pharyngeal cavity. This mechanism is achieved by the functions of the vascular, skeletal, and muscular systems. However, the process by which the embryo establishes the mechanism remains a mystery. Morphological and kinematical observations on captive cloudy catsharks, Scyliorhinus torazame, have suggested that the embryo starts buccal pumping just before the respiratory slits open on the egg capsule. During the pre-opening period, the embryo acquires oxygen mainly via the external gill filaments. After slit opening, respiration of the embryo involves buccal pumping to pass water over the “internal gills.” The onset of buccal pumping accompanies four morphological changes: (1) regression of the external gill filaments, (2) development of blood vessels within the “internal gills,” (3) completion of the development of hyoid skeletal and muscular elements, and (4) development of the oral valve. A previous study showed that buccal pumping allows the embryo to actively regulate oxygen intake by changing the pumping frequency. Thus, establishment of buccal pumping in the egg capsule is probably important for embryo survival in the unstable oxygen environment of the egg capsule after slit opening. 相似文献
994.
995.
Tubulo-interstitial fibrosis is a common, destructive endpoint for a variety of kidney diseases. Fibrosis is well correlated with the loss of kidney function in both humans and rodents. The identification of modulators of fibrosis could provide novel therapeutic approaches to reducing disease progression or severity. Here, we show that the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1 is an important molecular contributor that facilitates renal fibrosis in a well-characterized animal model. While wild-type mice fed a high phosphate diet (HPD) for 8–12 weeks developed calcium deposition, macrophage infiltration and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in the kidney interstitium, Pin1 null mice showed significantly less pathology. The serum Pi in both WT and KO mice were significantly increased by the HPD, but the serum Ca was slightly decreased in KO compared to WT. In addition, both WT and KO HPD mice had less weight gain but exhibited normal organ mass (kidney, lung, spleen, liver and heart). Unexpectedly, renal function was not initially impaired in either genotype irrespective of the HPD. Our results suggest that diet containing high Pi induces rapid renal fibrosis before a significant impact on renal function and that Pin1 plays an important role in the fibrotic process. 相似文献
996.
Kazuhiro Takimoto Motoko Taharaguchi Koji Sakai Hirotaka Takagi Yukinobu Tohya Yasuko K Yamada 《Experimental Animals》2013,62(3):237-245
We evaluated the in vitro efficacy of weak acid hypochlorous solution
(WAHS) against murine norovirus (MNV) by plaque assay and compared the efficacy with
diluted NaOCl (Purelox) and 70% ethanol. WAHS was as effective as 70% ethanol and diluted
Purelox for 0.5-min reactions. For 0.5-min reactions in the presence of mouse feces
emulsion, the efficacy of WHAS and 1:600 diluted Purelox was decreased, reducing the virus
titers by 2.3 and 2.6 log10, respectively, while 70% ethanol reduced the titer
by more than 5 log10. However, WAHS showed more than 5 log10
reductions for the 5-min reaction even in the presence of feces emulsion. Since WAHS
showed enough efficacy in inactivating MNV in vitro, we tried to
eliminate MNV from MNV-infected mice by substituting WAHS for their drinking water.
However, MNV was found to be positive in feces of mice drinking WAHS by an RT-nested PCR
and plaque assay. To investigate whether hypochlorite-based disinfectants could prevent
infection of a mouse with MNV, WAHS or 1:6,000 diluted Purelox was substituted for the
drinking water of mice for 2 or 4 weeks, and then the mice were placed in a cage with an
MNV-infected mouse. The supply of disinfectants was continued after cohabitation, but MNV
was detected in the feces of all the mice at 1 week after cohabitation. In this study, we
tried to eliminate and prevent MNV infection from mice by supplying hypochlorite-based
disinfectants as an easy and low-cost method. Unfortunately, drinking disinfectants was
ineffective, so it is important to keep the facility environment clean by use of effective
disinfectants. Also, animals introduced into facilities should be tested as MNV free by
quarantine and periodically confirmed as MNV free by microbiological monitoring. 相似文献
997.
Yuichi Yoshimura Fumitaka Kano Shuichi Miyazaki Noriyuki Ashida Shinji Sakata Kazuhiro Haraguchi 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2013,32(1-3):305-324
Abstract 2′-Deoxy-, 2′-bromo-, and arabino-1′-C-cyano-pyrimidine nucleosides were synthesized from O2 ,2′-cyclouridine. Incorporation of cyano group at the anomeric position was achieved by treatment of 1′,2′-unsaturated uridine with NBS in the presence of pivalic acid followed by TMS-cyanide and stannic chloride. Antineoplastic and antiviral activities of those compounds are also discussed. 相似文献
998.
Kazuhiro Ozawa Ryoya Niki Shunrokuro Arima 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(11):3123-3129
The effects of caseins on the rheological properties of κ-carrageenan-calcium gel was investigated by measuring the gel breaking strength. The existence of β-casein in the system promoted the gelation of κ-carrageenan in the presence of calcium ion. Beta-casein increased the strength of calcium gels of κ-carrageenan with increasing NaCl concentration up to 80 mM and strengthened the κ-carrageenan-calcium gel at neutral pH. The values obtained from the slopes of the logarithmic plots of the gel strength versus concentration were 2.15 for κ-carrageenan gel and 2.27 for a β-casein-κcarrageenan mixture gel, suggesting that β-casein may participate in the gelation of κ-carrageenan through the mediation of calcium ions. 相似文献
999.
Tetsuyoshi Inoue Ichiro Tanimoto Hiroyuki Ohta Keijiro Kato Yoji Murayama Kazuhiro Fukui 《Microbiology and immunology》1998,42(4):253-258
Fimbriae preparation from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans was found to contain an abundant low-molecular-weight protein (termed Flp) with an apparent molecular mass of approximately 6.5 kDa, in addition to a small amount of 54-kDa protein. Immunogold electron microscopy localized the Flp protein at the bacterial fimbriae but not at the cell surface. The DNA fragment including the flp gene was cloned from A. actinomycetemcomitans 304-a and its nucleotide sequence was determined. An open reading frame of the flp gene was composed of 225 bp encoding a protein of 75 amino acids. Comparison of the translated amino acid sequence with the sequence of native Flp determined by Edman degradation indicated that the N-terminal part of 26 amino acids is leader peptide. The N-terminal sequence of mature Flp exhibited some similarity to type-IV pilin. Furthermore, the processing site of premature Flp is also similar to that of type-IV prepilin, and a gene encoding a protein homologous to type-IV prepilin-like protein leader peptidase was found downstream of the flp gene. These findings indicate that Flp is the major component protein of A. actinomycetemcomitans fimbriae. 相似文献
1000.
Kazuhiro Kitajima Utaru Tanaka Yoshiko Ueno Tetsuo Maeda Yuko Suenaga Satoru Takahashi Masashi Deguchi Yoshiya Miyahara Yasuhiko Ebina Hideto Yamada Masakatsu Tsurusaki Yukihisa Tamaki Kazuro Sugimura 《PloS one》2015,10(1)