全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1437篇 |
免费 | 44篇 |
专业分类
1481篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 15篇 |
2021年 | 14篇 |
2020年 | 13篇 |
2019年 | 7篇 |
2018年 | 9篇 |
2017年 | 12篇 |
2016年 | 23篇 |
2015年 | 24篇 |
2014年 | 38篇 |
2013年 | 101篇 |
2012年 | 67篇 |
2011年 | 76篇 |
2010年 | 46篇 |
2009年 | 58篇 |
2008年 | 82篇 |
2007年 | 89篇 |
2006年 | 113篇 |
2005年 | 84篇 |
2004年 | 86篇 |
2003年 | 80篇 |
2002年 | 101篇 |
2001年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 15篇 |
1999年 | 28篇 |
1998年 | 18篇 |
1997年 | 21篇 |
1996年 | 19篇 |
1995年 | 14篇 |
1994年 | 13篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 20篇 |
1991年 | 11篇 |
1990年 | 17篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1986年 | 13篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1481条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
31.
Dimethyl fumarate inhibits osteoclasts via attenuation of reactive oxygen species signalling by augmented antioxidation 下载免费PDF全文
32.
Co-ordinating retinal histogenesis: early cell cycle exit enhances early cell fate determination in the Xenopus retina 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ohnuma S Hopper S Wang KC Philpott A Harris WA 《Development (Cambridge, England)》2002,129(10):2435-2446
The laminar arrays of distinct cell types in the vertebrate retina are built by a histogenic process in which cell fate is correlated with birth order. To explore this co-ordination mechanistically, we altered the relative timing of cell cycle exit in the developing Xenopus retina and asked whether this affected the activity of neural determinants. We found that Xath5, a bHLH proneural gene that promotes retinal ganglion cell (RGC) fate, ( Kanekar, S., Perron, M., Dorsky, R., Harris, W. A., Jan, L. Y., Jan, Y. N. and Vetter, M. L. (1997) Neuron 19, 981-994), does not cause these cells to be born prematurely. To drive cells out of the cell cycle early, therefore, we misexpressed the cyclin kinase inhibitor, p27Xic1. We found that early cell cycle exit potentiates the ability of Xath5 to promote RGC fate. Conversely, the cell cycle activator, cyclin E1, which inhibits cell cycle exit, biases Xath5-expressing cells toward later neuronal fates. We found that Notch activation in this system caused cells to exit the cell cycle prematurely, and when it is misexpressed with Xath5, it also potentiates the induction of RGCs. The potentiation is counteracted by co-expression of cyclin E1. These results suggest a model of histogenesis in which the activity of factors that promote early cell cycle exit enhances the activity of factors that promote early cellular fates. 相似文献
33.
Embryos at the morula, blastocyst and hatched blastocyst stage were obtained from superovulated and naturally ovulated Japanese native goats. They were bisected into halves with a glass needle, and transferred immediately or after culture (for morula) to recipients. None of five does which received bisected morula became pregnant. Three of nine goats became pregnant after transfer of bisected hatched blastocysts, six of eleven recipients became pregnant. Four of them produced monozygotic twins and the remaining two produced singles. The present study demonstrated that the hatched blastocyst is suitable for bisection in the goat. 相似文献
34.
To find whether cytoplasmic streaming in Acetabularia is controlledby Ca2+, a tonoplast-permeabilized cell model was prepared usinga vacuolar perfusion technique. The cytoplasmic streaming remainedalmost normal after perfusion with EGTA medium (10 mM EGTA,40 mM PIPES, 5mM MgCl2 and 800 mM sorbitol, pH 6.9), but stoppedwithin 10 min when saponin medium (EGTA medium plus 50 µg/mlsaponin, 50 µg/ml hexokinase and 5 mM glucose) was perfused.This model system was reactivated with a solution containing0.5 mM ATP and different concentrations of Ca2+ (reactivationmedium). With the reactivation medium at pCa 65, theresumed streaming lasted for about 10 min before the cytoplasmaggregated. At pCa 43, the streaming was observed onlyfor a few minutes because the cytoplasm aggregated quickly.At pCa 7, no reactivated movement was observed. Reactivationwas not induced in an ATP- or Mg2+-deficient medium even inthe presence of an adequate concentration of Ca2+, and was inhibitedby 50 µg/ml cytochalasin B or 1 mM N-ethylmaleimide. We concluded from these observations that the cytoplasmic streamingin Acetabularia is very likely to be driven by the actomyosinsystem in the presence of Mg-ATP and Ca2+ at pCa 65. (Received October 31, 1984; Accepted April 1, 1985) 相似文献
35.
Cannibalistic feeding behavior of the brackish-water copepodSinocalanus tenellus was examined in the laboratory using CI-II,CIII-IV and CVI female as predators and NI-II, NIII-IV, NV-VIand CI-II as prey. In each prey-predator combination, the ingestionrate increased with increasing prey density to an asymptoticvalue. Cannibalism took place even when phytoplankton was availableas an alternative food supply. Based on a daily ration, theoptimal prey stages for CVI females, CIII-IV and CI-II are NI-VI,NI-IV and NI-II respectively. Under average, natural prey density(10 nauplii l1), S tenellus can achieve only a smallfraction (max 9%) of the daily minimum food requirement by cannibalisticfeeding. However, the impact of cannibalism on naupliar survivorshipcan be significant. When adult females occur at a density of10 l1, the mortality due to cannibalism attains 99.2%during the naupliar stages. 相似文献
36.
Ridwansyah Iwan Yulianti Meti Apip Onodera Shin-ichi Shimizu Yuta Wibowo Hendro Fakhrudin M. 《Limnology》2020,21(3):487-498
Limnology - The Cimanuk River with a total watershed area of 4010.8 km2 flowing from the Garut Regency to Indramayu Delta is the longest in West Java Province. However, the cumulative... 相似文献
37.
Miyanishi N Nishi N Abe H Kashio Y Shinonaga R Nakakita S Sumiyoshi W Yamauchi A Nakamura T Hirashima M Hirabayashi J 《Glycobiology》2007,17(4):423-432
Galectin-9 (Gal-9) is a tandem-repeat-type member of the galectin family associated with diverse biological processes, such as apoptosis, cell aggregation, and eosinophil chemoattraction. Although the detailed sugar-binding specificity of Gal-9 has been elucidated, molecular mechanisms that underlie these functions remain to be investigated. During the course of our binding study by affinity chromatography and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis, we found that human Gal-9 interacts with immobilized Gal-9 in the protein-protein interaction mode. Interestingly, this intermolecular interaction strongly depended on the activity of the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD), because the addition of potent saccharide inhibitors abolished the binding. The presence of multimers was also confirmed by Ferguson plot analysis of result of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). Moreover, this intermolecular interaction was observed between Gal-9 and other galectin members, such as Gal-3 and Gal-8, but not Gal-1. Because such properties have not been reported yet, they may explain an unidentified mechanism underlying the diverse functions of Gal-9. 相似文献
38.
Tsujimoto Y Tanaka H Takemura R Yokogawa T Shimonaka A Matsui H Kashiwabara S Watanabe K Suzuki Y 《Journal of biochemistry》2007,142(1):87-93
Bacillus stearothermophilus alpha-1,4-glucosidase (BS) is highly specific for alpha-1,4-glucosidic bonds of maltose, maltooligosaccharides and alpha-glucans. Bacillus thermoglucosdasius oligo-1,6-glucosidase (BT) can specifically hydrolyse alpha-1,6 bonds of isomaltose, isomaltooligosaccharides and alpha-limit dextrin. The two enzymes have high homology in primary structure and belong to glycoside hydrolase family 13, which contain four conservative regions (I, II, III and IV). The two enzymes are suggested to be very close in structure, even though there are strict differences in their substrate specificities. Molecular determinants of substrate recognition in these two enzymes were analysed by site-directed mutagenesis. Twenty BT-based mutants and three BS-based mutants were constructed and characterized. Double substitutions in BT of Val200 -->Ala in region II and Pro258 -->Asn in region III caused an appearance of maltase activity compared with BS, and a large reduction of isomaltase activity. The values of k(0)/K(m) (s(-1). mM(-1)) of the BT-mutant for maltose and isomaltose were 69.0 and 15.4, respectively. We conclude that the Val/Ala200 and Pro/Asn258 residues in the alpha-glucosidases may be largely responsible for substrate recognition, although the regions I and IV also exert a slight influence. Additionally, BT V200A and V200A/P258N possessed high hydrolase activity towards sucrose. 相似文献
39.
40.
Takei S Hoshino T Matsunaga K Sakazaki Y Sawada M Oda H Takenaka S Imaoka H Kinoshita T Honda S Ida H Fukuda TA Aizawa H 《Arthritis research & therapy》2011,13(2):R52-13