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201.
Comparison of three fecal steroid metabolites for pregnancy detection used with single sampling in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We conpared three fecal steroid metabolite assays for their usefulness in detecting pregnalcy among free-ranging Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis canadensis) from Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area, Wyoming and Montana (USA) and captive bighorn ewes at ZooMontana in Billings, Montana. Fecal samples were collected from 11 free-ranging, radio-collared bighorn ewes in late January-May 2001 and from 20 free-ranging, radio-collared ewes in late March to mid-May 2002. Free-ranging ewes were monitored the following spring to determine whether or not they lambed. In addition, two captive ewes were studied at ZooMontana. With three exceptions, free-ranging bighorn ewes that produced lambs had nonspecific progesterone metabolite (iPdG) levels of >1800 ng/g feces and iPdG levels >7000 ng/gm feces when samples were collected between early March and mid-May. Samples collected earlier in the year were inconclusive. One false negative was suspected to be the result of sample collection error. Of the captive ewes, nonspecific pregnanediol-3alpha-glucuronide (PdG) and iPdG followed a predictable curve over the course of the 180-day pregnancies. We conclude that estrone conjugates are not useful in diagnosing pregnancy; however, fecal steroid analysis of PdG and iPdG can be used to accurately determine pregnancy and reproductive function in bighorn sheep. This holds great potential as a noninvasive technique for understanding the role of reproductive disease in wild bighom sheep. 相似文献
202.
The development of potent non-peptidic PTP-1B inhibitors 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Dufresne C Roy P Wang Z Asante-Appiah E Cromlish W Boie Y Forghani F Desmarais S Wang Q Skorey K Waddleton D Ramachandran C Kennedy BP Xu L Gordon R Chan CC Leblanc Y 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2004,14(4):1039-1042
The SAR from our peptide libraries was exploited to design a series of potent deoxybenzoin PTP-1B inhibitors. The introduction of an ortho bromo substituent next to the difluoromethylphosphonate warhead gave up to 20-fold increase in potency compared to the desbromo analogues. In addition, these compounds were orally bioavailable and active in the animal models of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). 相似文献
203.
Zhang YM Cockerill S Guntrip SB Rusnak D Smith K Vanderwall D Wood E Lackey K 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2004,14(1):111-114
A series of 6-alkoxy-4-anilinoquinazoline compounds was prepared and evaluated for in vitro inhibition of the erbB2 and EGFR kinase activity. The IC(50) values of the best compounds were below 0.10 uM. Further, several of these compounds inhibit the growth of erbB2 and EGFR over-expressing tumor cell lines at concentrations below 1 uM. 相似文献
204.
Compton DR Carlson KE Katzenellenbogen JA 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2004,14(22):5681-5684
We have examined the pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine scaffold as a novel core structure for estrogen receptor ligands. Attachment of various substituents has helped to define the orientation of this heterocycle in the ligand-binding pocket as one in which a pendant phenol rather than the hydroxylpyrimidine serves as a mimic of the A-ring of estradiol. 相似文献
205.
Parmee ER He J Mastracchio A Edmondson SD Colwell L Eiermann G Feeney WP Habulihaz B He H Kilburn R Leiting B Lyons K Marsilio F Patel RA Petrov A Di Salvo J Wu JK Thornberry NA Weber AE 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2004,14(1):43-46
Substituted 4-amino cyclohexylglycine analogues were evaluated for DP-IV inhibitory properties. Bis-sulfonamide 15e was an extremely potent 2.6 nM inhibitor of the enzyme with excellent selectivity over all counterscreens. 2,4-difluorobenzenesulfonamide 15b and 1-naphthyl amide 16b, however, combined an acceptable in vitro profile with good pharmacokinetic properties in the rat, and 15b was orally efficacious at 3 mpk in an OGTT in lean mice. 相似文献
206.
207.
Primer design and marker clustering for multiplex SNP-IT primer extension genotyping assay using statistical modeling 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yuryev A Huang J Scott KE Kuebler J Donaldson M Phillips MS Pohl M Boyce-Jacino MT 《Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)》2004,20(18):3526-3532
MOTIVATION: The optimization of the primer design is critical for the development of high-throughput SNP genotyping methods. Recently developed statistical models of the SNP-IT primer extension genotyping reaction allow further improvement of primer quality for the assay. RESULTS: Here we describe how the statistical models can be used to improve primer design for the assay. We also show how to optimize clustering of the SNP markers into multiplex panels using statistical model for multiplex SNP-IT. The primer set failure probability calculated by a model is used as a minimization function for both primer selection and primers clustering. Three clustering algorithms for the multiplex genotyping SNP-IT assay are described and their relative performance is evaluated. We also describe the approaches to improve the speed of primer design and clustering calculations when using the statistical models. Our clustering decreases the average failure probability of the marker set by 7-25%. The experimental marker failure rate in the multiplex reaction was reduced dramatically and success rate can be achieved as high as 96%. AVAILABILITY: The primer design using statistical models is freely available from www.autoprimer.com. 相似文献
208.
Predicting function from structure: 3D structure studies of the mammalian Golgi complex 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
3D electron tomography studies of the structure of the mammalian Golgi complex have led to four functional predictions (1). The sorting and exit site from the Golgi comprises two or three distinct trans-cisternae (2). The docking of vesicular-tubular clusters at the cis-face and the fragmentation of trans-cisternae are coordinated (3). The mechanisms of transport through, and exit from, the Golgi vary with physiological state, and in different cells and tissues (4). Specialized trans-ER functions in the delivery of ceramide to sphingomyelin synthase in the trans-Golgi membrane, for the regulated sorting via sphingolipid-cholesterol-rich domains. These structure-based predictions can now be tested using a variety of powerful cell and molecular tools. 相似文献
209.
210.
Ching Yu Austin Huang Joel Studebaker Anton Yuryev Jianping Huang Kathryn E Scott Jennifer Kuebler Shobha Varde Steven Alfisi Craig A Gelfand Mark Pohl Michael T Boyce-Jacino 《BMC bioinformatics》2004,5(1):1-10