David M. Marsh  Bradley J. Cosentino  Kara S. Jones  Joseph J. Apodaca  Karen H. Beard  Jane Margaret Bell  Christine Bozarth  Derrick Carper  Julie F. Charbonnier  Andreia Dantas  Elizabeth A. Forys  Miran Foster  Jaquelyn General  Kristen S. Genet  Macie Hanneken  Kyle R. Hess  Shane A. Hill  Faisal Iqbal  Nancy E. Karraker  Eran S. Kilpatrick  Tom A. Langen  James Langford  Kathryn Lauer  Alison J. McCarthy  Joseph Neale  Saumya Patel  Austin Patton  Cherie Southwick  Nathaniel Stearrett  Nicholas Steijn  Mohammad Tasleem  Joseph M. Taylor  James R. Vonesh 《Diversity & distributions》2017,23(2):158-170

  相似文献   

    

Joanne M. Murabito  Jian Rong  Kathryn L. Lunetta  Tianxiao Huan  Honghuang Lin  Qiang Zhao  Jane E. Freedman  Kahraman Tanriverdi  Daniel Levy  Martin G. Larson 《Aging cell》2017,16(4):888-894

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression with emerging data suggesting miRNAs play a role in skeletal muscle biology. We sought to examine the association of miRNAs with grip strength in a community‐based sample. Framingham Heart Study Offspring and Generation 3 participants (n = 5668 54% women, mean age 55 years, range 24, 90 years) underwent grip strength measurement and miRNA profiling using whole blood from fasting morning samples. Linear mixed‐effects regression modeling of grip strength (kg) versus continuous miRNA ‘Cq’ values and versus binary miRNA expression was performed. We conducted an integrative miRNA–mRNA coexpression analysis and examined the enrichment of biologic pathways for the top miRNAs associated with grip strength. Grip strength was lower in women than in men and declined with age with a mean 44.7 (10.0) kg in men and 26.5 (6.3) kg in women. Among 299 miRNAs interrogated for association with grip strength, 93 (31%) had FDR q value < 0.05, 54 (18%) had an FDR q value < 0.01, and 15 (5%) had FDR q value < 0.001. For almost all miRNA–grip strength associations, increasing miRNA concentration is associated with increasing grip strength. miR‐20a‐5p (FDR q 1.8 × 10^?6) had the most significant association and several among the top 15 miRNAs had links to skeletal muscle including miR‐126‐3p, miR‐30a‐5p, and miR‐30d‐5p. The top associated biologic pathways included metabolism, chemokine signaling, and ubiquitin‐mediated proteolysis. Our comprehensive assessment in a community‐based sample of miRNAs in blood associated with grip strength provides a framework to further our understanding of the biology of muscle strength.  相似文献   

    

Lotte A. van Boheemen  Eric Lombaert  Kristin A. Nurkowski  Bertrand Gauffre  Loren H. Rieseberg  Kathryn A. Hodgins 《Molecular ecology》2017,26(20):5421-5434

Admixture between differentiated populations is considered to be a powerful mechanism stimulating the invasive success of some introduced species. It is generally facilitated through multiple introductions; however, the importance of admixture prior to introduction has rarely been considered. We assess the likelihood that the invasive Ambrosia artemisiifolia populations of Europe and Australia developed through multiple introductions or were sourced from a historical admixture zone within native North America. To do this, we combine large genomic and sampling data sets analysed with approximate Bayesian computation and random forest scenario evaluation to compare single and multiple invasion scenarios with pre‐ and postintroduction admixture simultaneously. We show the historical admixture zone within native North America originated before global invasion of this weed and could act as a potential source of introduced populations. We provide evidence supporting the hypothesis that the invasive populations established through multiple introductions from the native range into Europe and subsequent bridgehead invasion into Australia. We discuss the evolutionary mechanisms that could promote invasiveness and evolutionary potential of alien species from bridgehead invasions and admixed source populations.  相似文献   

    

Hjalmar S. Kühl  Tenekwetche Sop  Elizabeth A. Williamson  Roger Mundry  David Brugière  Genevieve Campbell  Heather Cohen  Emmanuel Danquah  Laura Ginn  Ilka Herbinger  Sorrel Jones  Jessica Junker  Rebecca Kormos  Celestin Y. Kouakou  Paul K. N'Goran  Emma Normand  Kathryn Shutt‐Phillips  Alexander Tickle  Elleni Vendras  Adam Welsh  Erin G. Wessling  Christophe Boesch 《American journal of primatology》2017,79(9)

  相似文献   

    

Kathleen Woodruff  Teresa Defrancesco  Sandra Tou  Christina M. Williams  Mathew Breen  Kathryn Meurs  Bruce Keene  Ke Cheng 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2017,21(8):1503-1512

Cardiosphere‐derived cells (CDCs) have been shown to reduce scar size and increase viable myocardium in human patients with mild/moderate myocardial infarction. Studies in rodent models suggest that CDC therapy may confer therapeutic benefits in patients with non‐ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We sought to determine the safety and efficacy of allogeneic CDC in a large animal (canine) model of spontaneous DCM. Canine CDCs (cCDCs) were grown from a donor dog heart. Similar to human CDCs, cCDCs express CD105 and are slightly positive for c‐kit and CD90. Thirty million of allogeneic cCDCs was infused into the coronary vessels of Doberman pinscher dogs with spontaneous DCM. Adverse events were closely monitored, and cardiac functions were measured by echocardiography. No adverse events occurred during and after cell infusion. Histology on dog hearts (after natural death) revealed no sign of immune rejection from the transplanted cells.  相似文献   

    

Mary Kathryn Downer  Monica L. Bertoia  Ken J. Mukamal  Eric B. Rimm  Meir J. Stampfer 《Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)》2017,25(11):1988-1996

  相似文献   

    

Hans Recknagel  Oliver E. Hooker  Colin E. Adams  Kathryn R. Elmer 《Ecology and evolution》2017,7(15):5560-5570

Identifying the processes by which new phenotypes and species emerge has been a long‐standing effort in evolutionary biology. Young adaptive radiations provide a model to study patterns of morphological and ecological diversification in environmental context. Here, we use the recent radiation (ca. 12k years old) of the freshwater fish Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) to identify abiotic and biotic environmental factors associated with adaptive morphological variation. Arctic charr are exceptionally diverse, and in postglacial lakes there is strong evidence of repeated parallel evolution of similar morphologies associated with foraging. We measured head depth (a trait reflecting general eco‐morphology and foraging ecology) of 1,091 individuals across 30 lake populations to test whether fish morphological variation was associated with lake bathymetry and/or ecological parameters. Across populations, we found a significant relationship between the variation in head depth of the charr and abiotic environmental characteristics: positively with ecosystem size (i.e., lake volume, surface area, depth) and negatively with the amount of littoral zone. In addition, extremely robust‐headed phenotypes tended to be associated with larger and deeper lakes. We identified no influence of co‐existing biotic community on Arctic charr trophic morphology. This study evidences the role of the extrinsic environment as a facilitator of rapid eco‐morphological diversification.  相似文献   

    

John J. Citta  Lori T. Quakenbush  Kathryn J. Frost  Lloyd Lowry  Roderick C. Hobbs  Helen Aderman 《Marine Mammal Science》2016,32(4):1272-1298

We describe the annual distribution of beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) in Bristol Bay, Alaska, using data from 31 satellite‐linked transmitters during 2002–2011. Bristol Bay has one of the largest and best studied Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) fisheries in the world, allowing us to link the seasonal distribution of belugas to that of salmon. During salmon migrations, beluga movements were restricted to river entrances. Belugas generally did not relocate to different river entrances or change bays during peak salmon periods. However, the location of belugas was not related to the number of salmon passing counting towers, suggesting that belugas were either selecting locations that were good for catching salmon or there were simply more salmon than belugas needed to supply their nutritional needs. The distribution of belugas expanded after salmon runs ended, and was greatest in winter when belugas ranged beyond the inner bays, traveling as far west as Cape Constantine. Belugas continued to frequent the inner bays in winter whenever sea ice conditions allowed, e.g., when winds moved sea ice offshore; however, they were never located south of the southern ice edge in open water or outside of Bristol Bay.  相似文献   

    

Kathryn Milligan‐Myhre  Sarah K. Wilson  Laura J. Knoll 《Molecular microbiology》2016,102(6):1086-1098

The Toxoplasma gondii cyst stage is resistant to drug therapy. To identify potential targets for new therapeutics, we screened insertional mutants of T. gondii for a reduced ability to form cysts in the brains of mice. In one of these mutants, named 38C3, the mutagenesis plasmid inserted into the mRNA of a protein that is highly conserved in microbes but is not present in humans. The mutation in 38C3 causes reduced brain cyst production during chronic infection, but does not affect acute virulence, so the disrupted gene and protein are called T. gondii Brain Colonization Protein 1 (TgBCP1). TgBCP1 has three potential in frame start codons that produce 51, 33 or 25 kDa proteins. In rapidly replicating tachyzoites, translation initiates at the third methionine, producing the 25 kDa form that is conserved in many bacteria and protozoans. Brain cysts exclusively express the 51 kDa form of TgBCP1, which is secreted from the parasites and localizes to the cyst wall. Only expression of the long form of TgBCP1 restored cyst formation in the 38C3 mutant. TgBCP1 is essential for cyst formation and is the first example of a developmental regulation in translation initiation site preference for a T. gondii protein.  相似文献   

    

Zachary M. Carrico  Kathryn L. Strobel  Meera E. Atreya  Douglas S. Clark  Matthew B. Francis 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》2016,113(6):1187-1193

  相似文献