排序方式: 共有166条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
Hsin‐Chieh Yeh John P. Bantle Maria Cassidy‐Begay George Blackburn George A. Bray Tim Byers Jeanne M. Clark Mace Coday Caitlin Egan Mark A. Espeland John P. Foreyt Katelyn Garcia Valerie Goldman Edward W. Gregg Helen P. Hazuda Louise Hesson James O. Hill Edward S. Horton John M. Jakicic Robert W. Jeffery Karen C. Johnson Steven E. Kahn William C. Knowler Mary Korytkowski Anne Kure Cora E. Lewis Christos Mantzoros Maria Meacham Maria G. Montez David M. Nathan Nicholas Pajewski Jennifer Patricio Anne Peters F. Xavier Pi‐Sunyer Henry Pownall Donna H. Ryan Monika Safford Rebecca L. Sedjo Helmut Steinburg Mara Vitolins Thomas A. Wadden Lynne E. Wagenknecht Rena R. Wing Antonio C. Wolff Holly Wyatt Susan Z. Yanovski 《Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)》2020,28(9):1678-1686
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Sophia A. Pacheco Katelyn M. Powers Flora Engelmann Ilhem Messaoudi Georgiana E. Purdy 《PloS one》2013,8(6)
Non-human primates, notably rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta, RM), provide a robust experimental model to investigate the immune response to and effective control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. Changes in the function of immune cells and immunosenescence may contribute to the increased susceptibility of the elderly to tuberculosis. The goal of this study was to examine the impact of age on M. tuberculosis host-pathogen interactions following infection of primary alveolar macrophages derived from young and aged rhesus macaques. Of specific interest to us was whether the mycobactericidal capacity of autophagic macrophages was reduced in older animals since decreased autophagosome formation and autophagolysosomal fusion has been observed in other cells types of aged animals. Our data demonstrate that alveolar macrophages from old RM are as competent as those from young animals for autophagic clearance of M. tuberculosis infection and controlling mycobacterial replication. While our data do not reveal significant differences between alveolar macrophage responses to M. tuberculosis by young and old animals, these studies are the first to functionally characterize autophagic clearance of M. tuberculosis by alveolar macrophages from RM. 相似文献
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Laura J. Claxton Jeffrey M. Haddad Katelyn Ponto Joong Hyun Ryu Sean C. Newcomer 《PloS one》2013,8(8)
Independent stance is one of the most difficult motor milestones to achieve. Newly standing infants exhibit exaggerated body movements and can only stand for a brief amount of time. Given the difficult nature of bipedal stance, these unstable characteristics are slow to improve. However, we demonstrate that infants can increase their stability when engaged in a standing goal-directed task. Infants'' balance was measured while standing and while standing and holding a visually attractive toy. When holding the toy, infants stood for a longer period of time, exhibited less body sway, and more mature postural dynamics. These results demonstrate that even with limited standing experience, infants can stabilize posture to facilitate performance of a concurrent task. 相似文献
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Dorota Paczesniak Jukka Jokela Katelyn Larkin Maurine Neiman 《Molecular ecology》2013,22(18):4695-4710
The presence and extent of mitonuclear discordance in coexisting sexual and asexual lineages provides insight into 1) how and when asexual lineages emerged, and 2) the spatial and temporal scales at which the ecological and evolutionary processes influencing the evolution of sexual and asexual reproduction occur. Here, we used nuclear single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and a mitochondrial gene to characterize phylogeographic structure and the extent of mitonuclear discordance in Potamopyrgus antipodarum. This New Zealand freshwater snail is often used to study the evolution and maintenance of sex because obligately sexual and obligately asexual individuals often coexist. While our data indicate that sexual and asexual P. antipodarum sampled from the same lake population are often genetically similar, suggesting recent origin of these asexuals from sympatric sexual P. antipodarum, we also found significantly more population structure in sexuals vs. asexuals. This latter result suggests that some asexual lineages originated in other lakes and/or in the relatively distant past. When comparing mitochondrial and nuclear population genetic structure, we discovered that one mitochondrial haplotype (‘1A’) was rare in sexuals, but common and widespread in asexuals. Haplotype 1A frequency and nuclear genetic diversity were not associated, suggesting that the commonness of this haplotype cannot be attributed entirely to genetic drift and pointing instead to a role for selection. 相似文献
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Jens T. Rosenberg Katelyn L. Sellgren Afi Sachi-Kocher Fabian Calixto Bejarano Michelle A. Baird Michael W. Davidson Teng Ma Samuel C. Grant 《Cytotherapy》2013,15(3):307-322
Background aimsHuman mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have gained interest for treatment of stroke injury. Using in vitro culture, the purpose of this study was to investigate the long-term detectability of hMSCs by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after transfection with a superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) and evaluate the effects of SPIO on cellular activity, particularly under an ischemic environment.MethodshMSCs were exposed to low doses of SPIOs. After a short incubation period, cells were cultured for additional 1, 7 and 14 d to evaluate proliferation, colony formation and multilinear potential. Labeled cells were imaged and evaluated in agarose to quantify R2 and R21 contrast at each time point. Cells were placed in a low-oxygen, low-serum environment and tested for cytotoxicity. In addition, labeled cells were transplanted into an ischemic stroke model and evaluated with ex vivo MRI and histology.ResultsCellular events such as proliferation and differentiation were not affected at any of the exposures tested when cultured for 14 d. The low iron exposure and short incubation time are sufficient for detectability with MRI. However, the higher iron dosage results in higher calcification and cytotoxicity under in vitro ischemic conditions. Transplantation of the hMSCs labeled with an initial exposure of 22.4 μg of Fe showed excellent retention of contrast in stroke-induced rats.ConclusionsAlthough SPIO labeling is stable for long-term MRI detection and has limited effects on the multilineage potential of hMSCs, high-dose SPIO labeling may affect hMSC survival under serum and oxygen withdrawal. 相似文献
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Anniefer N. Magpusao Richard T. Desmond Katelyn J. Billings Gabriel Fenteany Mark W. Peczuh 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2010,20(18):5472-5476
The biological activities of a family of novel, lipid-linked 13-membered-ring macro-dilactones are reported. These [13]-macro-dilactones were synthesized by diacylation of functionalized diols, followed by ring-closing metathesis under conditions we had previously reported. Antimigratory, cytostatic and cytotoxic activities of the compounds against cancer cells were evaluated. Compound 13 was the most potent in the series, while compound 10 had the broadest concentration range of subtoxic antiproliferative activity. These compounds share common structural components, namely the [13]-macro-dilactone templated by an octyl α-glucoside 4,6-diol. 相似文献
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Katelyn E. Sadler Jarred M. Stratton Benedict J. Kolber 《Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE》2014,(86)
Approximately 3-8 million people in the United States suffer from interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS), a debilitating condition characterized by increased urgency and frequency of urination, as well as nocturia and general pelvic pain, especially upon bladder filling or voiding. Despite years of research, the cause of IC/BPS remains elusive and treatment strategies are unable to provide complete relief to patients. In order to study nervous system contributions to the condition, many animal models have been developed to mimic the pain and symptoms associated with IC/BPS. One such murine model is urinary bladder distension (UBD). In this model, compressed air of a specific pressure is delivered to the bladder of a lightly anesthetized animal over a set period of time. Throughout the procedure, wires in the superior oblique abdominal muscles record electrical activity from the muscle. This activity is known as the visceromotor response (VMR) and is a reliable and reproducible measure of nociception. Here, we describe the steps necessary to perform this technique in mice including surgical manipulations, physiological recording, and data analysis. With the use of this model, the coordination between primary sensory neurons, spinal cord secondary afferents, and higher central nervous system areas involved in bladder pain can be unraveled. This basic science knowledge can then be clinically translated to treat patients suffering from IC/BPS. 相似文献
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