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排序方式: 共有127条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
42.
Denuja Karunakaran Maaike Kockx Dylan M. Owen John R. Burnett Wendy Jessup Leonard Kritharides 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2013,288(7):5186-5197
Macrophage-specific apolipoprotein E (apoE) secretion plays an important protective role in atherosclerosis. However, the precise signaling mechanisms regulating apoE secretion from primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDMs) remain unclear. Here we investigate the role of protein kinase C (PKC) in regulating basal and stimulated apoE secretion from HMDMs. Treatment of HMDMs with structurally distinct pan-PKC inhibitors (calphostin C, Ro-31-8220, Go6976) and a PKC inhibitory peptide all significantly decreased apoE secretion without significantly affecting apoE mRNA or apoE protein levels. The PKC activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated apoE secretion, and both PMA-induced and apoAI-induced apoE secretion were inhibited by PKC inhibitors. PKC regulation of apoE secretion was found to be independent of the ATP binding cassette transporter ABCA1. Live cell imaging demonstrated that PKC inhibitors inhibited vesicular transport of apoE to the plasma membrane. Pharmacological or peptide inhibitor and knockdown studies indicate that classical isoforms PKCα/β and not PKCδ, -ϵ, -θ, or -ι/ζ isoforms regulate apoE secretion from HMDMs. The activity of myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS) correlated with modulation of PKC activity in these cells, and direct peptide inhibition of MARCKS inhibited apoE secretion, implicating MARCKS as a downstream effector of PKC in apoE secretion. Comparison with other secreted proteins indicated that PKC similarly regulated secretion of matrix metalloproteinase 9 and chitinase-3-like-1 protein but differentially affected the secretion of other proteins. In conclusion, PKC regulates the secretion of apoE from primary human macrophages. 相似文献
43.
Vam7p, the vacuolar soluble Qc-SNARE, is essential for yeast vacuole fusion. The large tethering complex, homotypic fusion and vacuole protein sorting complex (HOPS), and phosphoinositides, which interact with the Vam7p PX domain, have each been proposed to serve as its membrane receptors. Studies with the isolated organelle cannot determine whether these receptor elements suffice and whether ligands or mutations act directly or indirectly on Vam7p binding to the membrane. Using pure components that are active in reconstituted vacuolar fusion, we now find that Vam7p binds to membranes through its combined affinities for several vacuolar membrane constituents: HOPS, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate, SNAREs, and acidic phospholipids. Acidic lipids allow low concentrations of Vam7p to suffice for fusion; without acidic lipids, the block to fusion is partially bypassed by high concentrations of Vam7p. 相似文献
44.
Ramakrishnan Karunakaran Alison K. East Philip S. Poole 《Applied and environmental microbiology》2013,79(14):4496-4498
Malonyl-coenzyme A (CoA) decarboxylase, malonyl-CoA synthetase, and malonate transporter mutants of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae and trifolii fixed N2 at wild-type rates on pea and clover, respectively. Thus, malonate does not drive N2 fixation in legume nodules. 相似文献
45.
Semmalaiappan Manivasagam Ramalingam Rabindran Nataraj Rajinimala Sappanipillai Karunakaran 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2013,46(8):766-776
Abstract Polymerase chain reaction of Cassava mosaic virus revealed that out of the 50 samples analysed only two samples, one from Musiri (Trichy district) and other from Mallur (Salem district), were detected with ICMV infection as 904 bp fragment of DNA-A amplified. All the other samples from various districts of Tamil Nadu were detected invariably with SLCMV as they amplified 599 bp of DNA-A. A 599 bp fragment of DAN-A was cloned and sequenced from the sample collected from Mallur. The nucleotide sequence has been submitted to GenBank under the accession number DQ303479. The nucleotide sequence was compared with other cassava infecting geminiviruses and other geminiviruses in GenBank. Cluster dendrogram revealed that the cloned sequence was most closely related to ICMV, Maharastra strain rather than SLCMV, forming one cluster. Comparative sequence analyses showed that the cloned fragment shared a maximum sequence identity with ICMV at nucleotide levels (93%) than with SLCMV (88%). 相似文献
46.
Karunakaran E Mukherjee J Ramalingam B Biggs CA 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2011,90(6):1869-1881
The observation of biofilm formation is not a new phenomenon. The prevalence and significance of biofilm and aggregate formation
in various processes have encouraged extensive research in this field for more than 40 years. In this review, we highlight
techniques from different disciplines that have been used to successfully describe the extracellular, surface and intracellular
elements that are predominant in understanding biofilm formation. To reduce the complexities involved in studying biofilms,
researchers in the past have generally taken a parts-based, disciplinary specific approach to understand the different components
of biofilms in isolation from one another. Recently, a few studies have looked into combining the different techniques to
achieve a more holistic understanding of biofilms, yet this approach is still in its infancy. In order to attain a global
understanding of the processes involved in the formation of biofilms and to formulate effective biofilm control strategies,
researchers in the next decade should recognise that the study of biofilms, i.e. biofilmology, has evolved into a discipline
in its own right and that mutual cooperation between the various disciplines towards a multidisciplinary research vision is
vital in this field. 相似文献
47.
Hayes RJ McHale LK Vallad GE Truco MJ Michelmore RW Klosterman SJ Maruthachalam K Subbarao KV 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2011,123(4):509-517
Verticillium wilt of lettuce caused by Verticillium dahliae can cause severe economic damage to lettuce producers. Complete resistance to race 1 isolates is available in Lactuca sativa cultivar (cv.) La Brillante and understanding the genetic basis of this resistance will aid development of new resistant
cultivars. F1 and F2 families from crosses between La Brillante and three iceberg cultivars as well as a recombinant inbred line population derived
from L. sativa cv. Salinas 88 × La Brillante were evaluated for disease incidence and disease severity in replicated greenhouse and field
experiments. One hundred and six molecular markers were used to generate a genetic map from Salinas 88 × La Brillante and
for detection of quantitative trait loci. Segregation was consistent with a single dominant gene of major effect which we
are naming Verticillium resistance 1 (Vr1). The gene described large portions of the phenotypic variance (R
2 = 0.49–0.68) and was mapped to linkage group 9 coincident with an expressed sequence tag marker (QGD8I16.yg.ab1) that has
sequence similarity with the Ve gene that confers resistance to V. dahliae race 1 in tomato. The simple inheritance of resistance indicates that breeding procedures designed for single genes will
be applicable for developing resistant cultivars. QGD8I16.yg.ab1 is a good candidate for functional analysis and development
of markers suitable for marker-assisted selection. 相似文献
48.
Gus Lawrence Christopher C. Brown Blake A. Flood Surya Karunakaran Margarita Cabrera Mirjana Nordmann Christian Ungermann Rutilio A. Fratti 《Molecular biology of the cell》2014,25(10):1608-1619
Maturation of organelles in the endolysosomal pathway requires exchange of the early endosomal GTPase Rab5/Vps21 for the late endosomal Rab7/Ypt7. The Rab exchange depends on the guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity of the Mon1-Ccz1 heterodimer for Ypt7. Here we investigate vacuole binding and recycling of Mon1-Ccz1. We find that Mon1-Ccz1 is absent on vacuoles lacking the phosphatidic acid phosphatase Pah1, which also lack Ypt7, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Vps34, and the lipid phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P). Interaction of Mon1-Ccz1 with wild-type vacuoles requires PI3P, as shown in competition experiments. We also find that Mon1 is released from vacuoles during the fusion reaction and its release requires its phosphorylation by the type 1 casein kinase Yck3. In contrast, Mon1 is retained on vacuoles lacking Yck3 or when Mon1 phosphorylation sites are mutated. Phosphorylation and release of Mon1 is restored with addition of recombinant Yck3. Together the results show that Mon1 is recruited to endosomes and vacuoles by PI3P and, likely after activating Ypt7, is phosphorylated and released from vacuoles for recycling. 相似文献
49.
Arun Mohankumar Bhuvanasundar Renganathan Coral Karunakaran Subbulakshmi Chidambaram Sulochana Konerirajapuram Natarajan 《Journal of peptide science》2014,20(11):837-849
Despite the rigorous research on abnormal angiogenesis, there is a persistent need for the development of new and efficient therapies against angiogenesis‐related diseases. The role of Lysyl oxidase (LOX) in angiogenesis and cancer has been established in prior studies. Copper is known to induce the synthesis of LOX, and hence regulates its activity. Hypoxia‐induced metastasis is dependent on LOX expression and activity. It has been believed that the inhibition of LOX would be a therapeutic strategy to inhibit angiogenesis. To explore this, we designed peptides (M peptides) from the copper‐binding region of LOX and hypothesized them to modulate LOX. The peptides were characterized, and their copper‐binding ability was confirmed by mass spectrometry. The M peptides were found to reduce the levels of intracellular copper when the cells were co‐treated with copper. The peptides showed promising effect on aortic LOX, recombinant human LOX and LOX produced by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The study also explores the effect of these peptides on copper and hypoxia‐stimulated angiogenic response in HUVECs. It was found that the M peptides inhibited copper/hypoxia‐induced LOX activity and inhibited stimulated HUVEC tube formation and migration. This clearly indicated the potential of M peptides in inhibiting angiogenesis, highlighting their role in the formulation of drugs for the same. Copyright © 2014 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
50.
A. Pichandi Kadirampatti Mani Ganesh Amalraj Jerin Karunakaran Balaji Gurunath Kilara 《Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy》2014,19(5):322-331