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51.
Franz-Georg Hanisch Jasna Peter-Katalinic Heinz Egge Ursula Dabrowski Gerhard Uhlenbruck 《Glycoconjugate journal》1990,7(6):525-543
O-Linked glycans were isolated from human skim milk mucins or mucin-derived high-molecular weight glycopeptides and fractionated by anion exchange chromatography into neutral and acidic alditols. Major oligosaccharides contained in the acidic fraction were purified by high performance liquid chromatography and structurally characterized by a combination of fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, methylation analysis and 500 MHz 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The structural aspects exhibited by these major species in the acidic fraction resemble those established previously for the neutral oligosaccharides from human skim milk mucins: 1) the size of the alditols varies from tri- to decasaccharides, 2) the core structure is of the ubiquitous type 2, 3) the backbone sequences are of the poly-N-acetyllactosamine type with a particular preponderance of linearly extended GlcNAc beta(1-3)Gal (major) or GlcNAc beta(1-6)Gal units (minor). 相似文献
52.
David E. Kerr Peter D. Senter William V. Burnett David L. Hirschberg Ingegerd Hellström Karl Erik Hellström 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》1990,31(4):202-206
Summary The two monoclonal antibodies (mAb), L6 (anti-carcinoma), and 1F5 [anti-(B-cell-lymphoma)], were chemically linked to the enzyme penicillin-V amidase (PVA), which hydrolyzes phenoxyacetamides, to explore the potential of using mAb-enzyme conjugates for the localizaton of chemotherapeutic drugs at tumor cells. The phenoxyacetamide derivatives of doxorubicin and melphalan were prepared, yielding the less toxic amides, doxorubicin-N-p-hydroxyphenoxyacetamide (DPO) and melphalan-N-p-hydroxyphenoxyacetamide (MelPO). These were hydrolyzed by PVA to doxorubicin and melphalan respectively.In vitro studies with the L6-positive lung carcinoma cell line, H2981, and the 1F5-positive B-cell lymphoma line, Daudi, showed that DPO was 80-fold less toxic to H2981 cells and 20-fold less toxic to Daudi cells than doxorubicin, and its toxicity was substantially increased when the H2981 cells were pretreated with L6-PVA or the Daudi cells were pretreated with 1F5-PVA. The cytotoxic effect was antigen-specific, since only the binding mAb-enzyme conjugate increased the cytotoxicity of the prodrug. MelPO was more than 1000-fold less toxic than melphalan to H2981 cells and more than 100-fold less toxic than melphalan to Daudi cells. Pretreatment with the mAb-PVA conjugates did not enhance the toxicity of MelPO in either cell line, because PVA hydrolyzes the phenoxyacetamide bond of MelPO too slowly to generate a toxic level of melphalan. 相似文献
53.
Wolfgang Ludwig Michael Weizenegger Silvia Dorm Jan Andreesen Karl Heinz Schleifer 《FEMS microbiology letters》1990,71(1-2):139-143
A 1330 base-pair fragment of a 16S rRNA gene has been amplified, cloned and sequenced. Comparison to other 16S rRNA sequences of eubacteria showed that P. niger represents a deep branch within the subdivision "Gram-positive with Gram-negative cell walls". It is not related to peptostreptococci, representatives of this genus studied so far are more closely related to clostridia. 相似文献
54.
Garry J. Smith Heinz W. Kunz Harold A. Dunsford Thomas J. Gill III 《Cell biology and toxicology》1990,6(2):205-217
The histopathological response and cell culture characteristics of liver cells from the R16 (grc
–) strain of rats, which carries an MHC-linked deletion, were examined one week after a single intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg/ kg body weight diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and were compared with the response of liver cells from wild type (grc+) rats. The DEN exposure induced hydropicl vacuolar changes in the parenchymal cells and a limited proliferation of oval cells in the periportal areas of the livers of both grc+ and grc rats. Primary culture of collagenase-digested livers consisted of parenchymal, bile ductular and oval-related cells as determined by cell-specific immunohistochemistry. Subpassaged cells from grc+ rats exhibited oval cell ultrastructural morphology, inducible histochemical staining for gammaglutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and DEN-associated onset of anchorage-independent growth. Primary cultures of liver cells from R16 rats consistently failed to form cell strains upon subpassage.Abbreviations DEN
diethylnitrosamine
-
grc
growth and reproduction complex
- GGT
gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase
- MHC
major histocompatibility complex 相似文献
55.
Hans Georg B?umert Akitsugu Kenmoku Gert Middelhoff Franz Ortanderl Alexander Thrun Heinz Faulstich Wolfgang Schiebler Hugo Fasold 《Journal of Protein Chemistry》1988,7(5):571-580
With the aid of tartryl-bis--aminocaprylazide artificial dimers were produced from F actin from rabbit striated muscle. These derivatives will not polymerize by themselves but are able to copolymerize fully with native G actin. By modification of a single side chain per dimer, this copolymerization was completely inhibited. The dimers are able to activate subfragment I ATPase of myosin and bind to DNase I with inactivation of the enzyme in the same manner as native G actin. Within the dimer, one ADP is immobilized and will exchange against ATP extremely slowly. The dimers do not bind to the mushroom toxin phalloidin. 相似文献
56.
Summary The immunocytochemical localization of several substances with putative neurotransmitter or modulator properties was investigated in the retinae of three urodele species. Gamma-aminobutyric acid-like immunoreactive labelling appeared in different types of amacrine and horizontal cells. In addition, labelled fibres in the optic nerve were detected. It was not possible to determine whether these fibres were ganglion-cell axons or part of an efferent projection. Endogenous serotonin was found in several populations of amacrine cells including stratified and diffuse types. Glucagon-like immunoreactivity appeared in one bistratified amacrine cell type, and neurotensin-like immunoreactivity was detected in a single monostratified amacrine cell type. Metenkephalin-like-immunoreactive labelling was rare but found in several sublaminae of the inner plexiform layer. Thus each peptide-like-immunoreactive cell type makes up a distinct and unique population of cells and probably has a special functional role in retinal processing. There are striking similarities in the peptide-like immunoreactive patterns of Triturus alpestris and Necturus maculosus whereas in Ambystomatidae the peptide-like-immunoreactive systems appear to be differently organized. This supports the hypothesis that Salamandridae and Proteidae are more closely related to each other than to the Ambystomatidae.Abbreviations
GABA
gamma-aminobutyric acid
- GCL
ganglion cell layer
-
Glu
glucagon
-
HRP
horseradish peroxidase
-
INL
inner nuclear layer
-
IPL
inner plexiform layer
-
IR
immunoreactive or immunoreactivity
-
M-enk
metenkephalin
-
Neu
neurotensin
-
OFL
optic fibre layer
-
ONL
outer nuclear layer
-
OPL
outer plexiform layer
-
Ser
serotonin
This work forms part of the doctoral thesis of Gaby Gläsener, Faculty of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Federal Republic of Germany. Supported by a research grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Hi 306/1-1) 相似文献
57.
Summary The correlation found by Moustacchi (1987) between cellular response to a crosslinking challenge and genetic heterogeneity in Fanconi's anaemia is confirmed for an earlier set of complementation groups (Zakrzewski and Sperling 1980). This allows the matching of the two independently established complementation groupings and better characterization of their DNA repair-related biochemical properties. 相似文献
58.
Øyvind Skraastad Karl L. Reichelt 《Virchows Archiv. B, Cell pathology including molecular pathology》1988,56(1):321-325
Previous work indicates that the colonic epithelial cell proliferation in mice is reversibly inhibited by the tripeptide pGlu-His-GlyOH
found in aqueous extracts of the intestine. In the present study we examined the possible tissue specificity of the colon
mitosis inhibitor. The mitotic rate in the small intestine, epidermis and forestomach in mice was registered after a single
i.p. injection of the tripeptide. A significantly reduced rate of cell renewal was found at 18 h in the epidermis whereas
no inhibition was observed in the forestomach or ileal epithelium. To investigate whether the amino acid sequence of the tripeptide
is essential for the inhibitory effect, three structurally related bioactive peptides were tested and compared to the effect
of CMI. CMI showed a bell-shaped dose-response relationship as previously shown, whereas the mitotic rate was not reduced
in the colonie epithelium after treatment with either an epidermal mitosis inhibitory pentapeptide, or the dipeptide pGlu-GlyOH,
or an analogue of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone. The efficacy of the tripeptide was dependent on the basal rate of
cell renewal in the colonie epithelium. When the tripeptide was given at the circadian nadir of cell proliferation a delayed
reduction of the proliferative activity was observed at 6 h after treatment, whereas treatment when the rate of cell proliferation
was at its circadian zenith gave an immediate mitotic inhibition. 相似文献
59.
Summary The exact time course of phosphate consumption in a tetracycline production byStreptomyces aureofaciens has been determined. The data have been compared with model simulations according to a model proposed by Votruba et al. (1984). This led to a revision of his equation for the rate of phosphate consumption and to the proposal that phosphate is consumed proportionally to the growth rate. In contradiction to the model simulations it was found that the length of the time lag of the production is independent of the initial phosphate concentration. While the model explains the time lag through inhibition of the production by phosphate, the measured data show that there must be another or an additional reason for the lag. Simultaneously with the start of the production the organism changes from an organic substrate to ammonia as nitrogen source.All experiments have been carried out in a bubble column of 651 working volume as fed batch fermentation. An autoanalyzer and a HPLC was coupled to the reactor for automatic measurement of phosphate, ammonia, sucrose and products in short intervals. Composition of the outlet gas, pH, pO2, temperature and weight of the substrate flasks were monitored on-line. 相似文献
60.
Hasenstein, K. H. and Evans, M. L. 1988. The influence of calcium and pH on growth in primary roots of Zea mays. - Physiol. Plant. 72: 466–470.
We investigated the interaction of Ca2+ and pH on root elongation in Zea mays L. cv. B73 × Missouri 17 and cv. Merit. Seedlings were raised to contain high levels of Ca2+ (HC, imbibed and raised in 10 m M CaCl2 ) or low levels of Ca2+ (LC, imbibed and raised in distilled water). In HC roots, lowering the pH (5 m M MES/Tris) from 6.5 to 4.5 resulted in strong, long-lasting growth promotion. Surprisingly, increasing the pH from 6.5 to 8.5 also resulted in strong growth promotion. In LC roots acidification of the medium (pH 6.5 to 4.5) resulted in transient growth stimulation followed by a gradual decline in the growth rate toward zero. Exposure of LC roots to high pH (pH shift from 6.5 to 8.5) also promoted growth. Addition of EGTA resulted in strong growth promotion in both LC and HC roots. The ability of EGTA to stimulate growth appeared not to be related to H+ release from EGTA upon Ca2+ chelation since, 1) LC roots showed a strong and prolonged response to EGTA, but only a transient response to acid pH, and 2) promotion of growth by EGTA was observed in strongly buffered solutions. We also examined the pH dependence of the release of 45 Ca2+ from roots of 3-day-old seedlings grown from grains imbibed in 45 Ca2+ . Release of 45 Ca2+ from the root into agar blocks placed on the root surface was greater the more acidic the pH of the blocks. The results indicate that Ca2+ may be necessary for the acid growth response in roots. 相似文献
We investigated the interaction of Ca