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61.
PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT 4 affects reactive oxygen species metabolism,cell wall and wood properties in hybrid aspen (Populus tremula L. × tremuloides)
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IRENEUSZ ŚLESAK MAGDALENA SZECHYŃSKA‐HEBDA HALINA FEDAK NATALIA SIDORUK JOANNA DĄBROWSKA‐BRONK DAMIAN WITOŃ ANNA RUSACZONEK ANDRZEJ ANTCZAK MICHAŁ DROŻDŻEK BARBARA KARPIŃSKA STANISŁAW KARPIŃSKI 《Plant, cell & environment》2015,38(7):1275-1284
The PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT 4 (PAD4) gene in Arabidopsis thaliana (AtPAD4) is involved in the regulation of plant – pathogen interactions. The role of PAD4 in woody plants is not known; therefore, we characterized its function in hybrid aspen and its role in reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐dependent signalling and wood development. Three independent transgenic lines with different suppression levels of poplar PAD expression were generated. All these lines displayed deregulated ROS metabolism, which was manifested by an increased H2O2 level in the leaves and shoots, and higher activities of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and catalase (CAT) in the leaves in comparison to the wild‐type plants. However, no changes in non‐photochemical quenching (NPQ) between the transgenic lines and wild type were observed in the leaves. Moreover, changes in the ROS metabolism in the pad4 transgenic lines positively correlated with wood formation. A higher rate of cell division, decreased tracheid average size and numbers, and increased cell wall thickness were observed. The results presented here suggest that the Populus tremula × tremuloides PAD gene might be involved in the regulation of cellular ROS homeostasis and in the cell division – cell death balance that is associated with wood development. 相似文献
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PHYLOGENY OF THE HEXAPODA AND OVARIAN METAMERISM 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
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In the present study, the potential of cotton stalks utilization for H(2) and syngas production with respect to CO(2) mitigation, by means of thermochemical conversion (pyrolysis and gasification) was investigated. Pyrolysis was conducted at temperature range of 400-760 degrees C and the main parametric study concerned the effect of temperature on pyrolysis product distribution. Atmospheric pressure, air gasification at 750-950 degrees C for various lambda (0.02-0.07) was also studied. Experimental results showed that high temperature favors gas production in both processes; while low lambda gasification gave high gas yield. Syngas (CO and H(2)) was increased with temperature, while CO(2) followed an opposite trend. By pyrolysis, higher H(2) concentration in the produced gas (approximately 39% v/v) was achieved and at the same time lower amounts of CO(2) produced, compared to air gasification. 相似文献
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DAVID MODRÝ KLÁRA J. PETRELKOVÁ KATEINA POMAJBÍKOVÁ TOSHIHIRO TOKIWA JAROSLAV KÍEK SOICHI IMAI PETER VALLO ILONA PROFOUSOVÁ JAN LAPETA 《The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology》2009,56(1):83-87
ABSTRACT. Entodiniomorphid ciliates are often present in the colons of wild apes. In captive apes the infection tends to gradually disappear, with the exception of Troglodytella abrassarti . We used fecal examinations to screen the gorillas ( Gorilla gorilla gorilla ) in European (Czech Republic, UK) and Australian Zoos to explore the ape-to-ape transmission pattern of T. abrassarti . Gorillas from two out of three European Zoos were positive for T. abrassarti , while gorillas from the Australian Zoo were negative. We documented a horizontal transmission of T. abrassarti to a non-infected adult gorilla introduced into a Troglodytella -positive group in the Prague Zoo and traced the origin of the ciliate infection to the Paignton Zoo (UK) using serial fecal examinations. During this study, two infant gorillas born in the Prague Zoo (CZ) first became positive for T. abrassarti at the age of 9 mo. Ciliate morphology and the sequencing of the small subunit rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer rDNA spacer region revealed that T. abrassarti affects both captive gorillas and chimpanzees. We conclude that zoo transport plays a major role in the distribution of T. abrassarti among captive gorillas. 相似文献
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Abstract The species of Dirhinini from the Indian Subcontinent are revised and a key given to the ten recognized species. These are classified in one genus, Dirhinus Dalman, with two subgenera. Four new species, claviger, deplanatus, pilifer and altispina , are described and seventeen new synonyms (sixteen specific, one generic) proposed. All pertinent biological data are critically reviewed, all host records being from Diptera, especially synanthropic muscoid flies, noxious fruitflies and tachinids. Observations are made on geographic distributions, two species being found to extend from Africa to the Hawaiian Islands. 相似文献
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