全文获取类型
收费全文 | 141篇 |
免费 | 9篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
151篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 5篇 |
2020年 | 1篇 |
2019年 | 2篇 |
2018年 | 8篇 |
2017年 | 2篇 |
2016年 | 1篇 |
2015年 | 6篇 |
2014年 | 6篇 |
2013年 | 7篇 |
2012年 | 11篇 |
2011年 | 7篇 |
2010年 | 8篇 |
2009年 | 11篇 |
2008年 | 7篇 |
2007年 | 8篇 |
2006年 | 4篇 |
2005年 | 5篇 |
2004年 | 2篇 |
2003年 | 5篇 |
2002年 | 1篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 6篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有151条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
121.
The availability of genomic and proteomic data from across the tree of life has made it possible to infer features of the genome and proteome of the last universal common ancestor (LUCA). A number of studies have done so, all using a unique set of methods and bioinformatics databases. Here, we compare predictions across eight such studies and measure both their agreement with one another and with the consensus predictions among them. We find that some LUCA genome studies show a strong agreement with the consensus predictions of the others, but that no individual study shares a high or even moderate degree of similarity with any other individual study. From these observations, we conclude that the consensus among studies provides a more accurate depiction of the core proteome of the LUCA and its functional repertoire. The set of consensus LUCA protein family predictions between all of these studies portrays a LUCA genome that, at minimum, encoded functions related to protein synthesis, amino acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, and the use of common, nucleotide‐derived organic cofactors. 相似文献
122.
van de Loo FA 《Arthritis research & therapy》2011,13(2):111
It has long been recognized that laboratory tests are useful in the diagnosis of disease and to monitor treatment outcome.
Their performance has become even more demanding with the development of personalized medicine. In patients with rheumatoid
arthritis (RA) the standard biochemical tests measure serological markers of disease, such as C-reactive protein, and RA-associated
auto-antibodies, such as rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies. The information obtained from these
markers does not, however, provide a complete picture of the disease and treatment efficacy. New biomarkers based on cytokine
receptor complexes are promising for RA theragnostics. 相似文献
123.
Lapierre J Salomon W Cardia J Bulock K Lam JT Stanney WJ Ford G Smith-Anzures B Woolf T Kamens J Khvorova A Samarsky D 《RNA (New York, N.Y.)》2011,17(6):1032-1037
RNA interference (RNAi) has been established as an important tool for functional genomics studies and has great promise as a therapeutic intervention for human diseases. In mammalian cells, RNAi is conventionally induced by 19-27-bp RNA duplexes generated by hybridization of two complementary oligonucleotide strands (oligos). Here we describe a novel class of RNAi molecules composed of a single 25-28-nucleotide (nt) oligo. The oligo has a 16-nt mRNA targeting region, followed by an additional 8-10 nt to enable self-dimerization into a partially complementary duplex. Analysis of numerous diverse structures demonstrates that molecules composed of two short helices separated by a loop can efficiently enter and activate the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). This finding enables the design of highly effective single-oligo compounds for any mRNA target. 相似文献
124.
We sequenced the entire control region and portions of flanking genes
(tRNA(Phe), tRNA(Glu), and ND6) in the common chaffinch (Fringilla
coelebs), blue chaffinch (F. teydea), brambling (F. montifringilla), and
greenfinch (Carduelis chloris). In these finches the control region is
similar in length (1,223-1,237 bp) and has the same flanking gene order as
in other birds, and contains a putative TAS element and the highly
conserved CSB-1 and F, D, and C boxes recognizable in most vertebrates.
Cloverleaf-like structures associated with the TAS element at the 5' end
and CSB-1 at the 3' end of the control region may be involved with the stop
and start of D-loop synthesis, respectively. The pattern of nucleotide and
substitution bias is similar to that in other vertebrates, and consequently
the finch control region can be subdivided into a central, conserved G-rich
domain (domain II) flanked by hypervariable 5'-C-rich (domain I) and
3'-AT-rich (domain III) segments. In pairwise comparisons among finch
species, the central domain has unusually low transition/transversion
ratios, which suggests that increased G + T content is a functional
constraint, possibly for DNA primase efficiency. In finches the relative
rates of evolution vary among domains according to a ratio of 4.2 (domain
III) to 2.2 (domain I) to 1 (domain II), and extensively among sites within
domains I and II. Domain I and III sequences are extremely useful in
recovering intraspecific phylogeographic splits between populations in
Africa and Europe, Madeira, and a basal lineage in Nefza, Tunisia. Domain
II sequences are highly conserved, and are therefore only useful in
conjunction with sequences from domains I and III in phylogenetic studies
of closely related species.
相似文献
125.
126.
127.
Relocation of a Ca2+-dependent protein kinase activity during pollen tube reorientation 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9 下载免费PDF全文
Pollen tube reorientation is a dynamic cellular event that is crucial for successful fertilization. We have shown previously that pollen tube orientation is regulated by cytosolic free calcium ([Ca2+]c). In this paper, we studied the activity of a Ca2+-dependent protein kinase during reorientation. The kinase activity was assayed in living cells by using confocal ratio imaging of BODIPY FL bisindolylmaleimide. We found that growing pollen tubes exhibited higher protein kinase activity in the apical region, whereas nongrowing cells showed uniform distribution. Modification of growth direction by diffusion of inhibitors/activators from a micropipette showed the spatial redistribution of kinase activity to predict the new growth orientation. Localized increases in [Ca2+]c induced by photolysis of caged Ca2+ that led to reorientation also increased kinase activity. Molecular and immunological assays suggest that this kinase may show some functional homology with protein kinase C. We suggest that the tip-localized gradient of kinase activity promotes Ca2+-mediated exocytosis and may act to regulate Ca2+ channel activity. 相似文献
128.
Phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) allozymes were isolated from the wing-
polymorphic water strider, Limnoporus canaliculatus, and were characterized
biochemically with respect to temperature-dependent kinetic and
thermostability properties. At higher temperatures, the allozymes exhibited
significant differences in Michaelis constant (Km) values for substrates of
both the forward and reverse reaction directions. Results were consistent
with expectations of adaptive kinetic differentiation based on the
latitudinal variation of PGI allele frequencies. PGI genotypes also
differed with regard to maximal velocity (Vmax)/Km ratios at higher
temperatures. These differences were due primarily, if not exclusively, to
allozyme-dependent variation in Km values. The allozymes also exhibited
dramatic differences in thermostability. However, no thermostability
differences were observed when the substrate analogue 6-phosphogluconate
was present in the incubation medium. The data from this study, together
with data from Mytilus edulis and Metridium senile on temperature-dependent
kinetic variation among PGI allozymes, form a consistent picture of natural
selection influencing the clinal variation of alleles at this locus in
these three phylogenetically distant organisms. More definitive support of
this hypothesis, however, must await additional studies on the
physiological effects of the allozymic variation as well as direct
measurements of fitness differences among the enzyme genotypes.
相似文献
129.
130.
Evolutionary history of the COII/tRNALys intergenic 9 base pair deletion in human mitochondrial DNAs from the Pacific 总被引:14,自引:2,他引:12
Redd AJ; Takezaki N; Sherry ST; McGarvey ST; Sofro AS; Stoneking M 《Molecular biology and evolution》1995,12(4):604-615
Length changes in human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are potentially useful
markers for inferring the evolutionary history of populations. One such
length change is a nine base pair (9-bp) deletion that is located in the
intergenic region between the COII gene and the Lysine tRNA gene
(COII/tRNALys intergenic region). This deletion has been used as a genetic
marker to trace descent from peoples of East Asian origin. A geographic
cline of the deletion frequency across modern Pacific Islander populations
suggests that the deletion may be useful for tracing prehistoric Polynesian
origins and affinities. Mitochondrial DNA sequence variation within two
variable segments of the control region (CR) permits a number of inferences
regarding the evolutionary history of the 9-bp deletion that cannot be
determined from frequency data alone. We obtained CR sequences from 74
mtDNAs with the 9-bp deletion from Indonesia, coastal Papua New Guinea
(PNG), and American Samoa. Phylogenetic and pairwise distribution analysis
of these CR sequences pooled with previously published CR sequences reveals
that the deletion arose independently in Africa and Asia and suggests
possible multiple origins of the deletion in Asia. A clinal increase of the
frequency of the 9-bp deletion across the three Pacific populations is
associated with a decrease in CR sequence diversity, consistent with
founder events. Furthermore, analysis of pairwise difference distributions
indicates an expansion time of proto-Polynesians that began 5,500 yr ago
from Southeast Asia. These results are consistent with the express train
model of Polynesian origins.
相似文献