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51.
Obesity‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction in porcine adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
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52.
Summary The viable count in fructose-grown cultures of Acetobacterium woodii fell to undetectable levels 186 h after the stationary phase was reached. The loss of viability was due to accumulation of undissociated acetic acid, since loss of viability could be induced artificially in cultures grown at pH 6.8 by adjusting the pH to 5.0 or by adding high concentrations of acetate. Survival was greatly improved when cultures were grown at low initial fructose concentrations ( 2 g/l) to limit acetate production, since viable cells could still be detected after 73d. 相似文献
53.
Compensatory substitutions and the evolution of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene in mammals 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
12S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences from a suite of mammalian taxa (13
placentals, 4 marsupials, 1 monotreme), for which phylogenetic
relationships are well established based on independent criteria, were
employed to study the evolution of this gene. Phylogenetic analysis of 12S
sequences produces a phylogeny that agrees with expectations. Base
composition provides evidence for directional symmetrical substitution
pressure in loops; in stems, base composition is much more even. Rates of
nucleotide substitution are lower in stems than loops. Patterns of
nucleotide substitution show an overall preference for transitions over
transversions, with this difference more profound in stems than loops.
Among different transversion pathways, there is a wide range of
transformation frequencies. An analysis of compensatory substitutions shows
that there is strong evidence for their occurrence and that a weighting
factor of 0.61 should be applied in phylogenetic analyses to account for
the dependence of mutations at stem positions relative to positions where
changes are independent. Among stem variables (i.e., stem length,
interaction distance, substitution rates, G+C content, and the percentage
of bases that are paired), several significant correlations were
discovered, but stem length and interaction distance are uncorrelated with
other variables.
相似文献
54.
Kalil J Cunha-Neto E 《Parasitology today (Personal ed.)》1997,13(9):362; author reply 362-362; author reply 363
55.
We investigated the prevalence and phenotypic variation of Candida species in oral lichen planus (OLP) and the therapeutic implications of our findings. Eighty patients with clinically and histopathologically confirmed cases of OLP (64 non-erosive, 16 erosive) and a control group of 80 healthy individuals with no predisposing factors for oral candidiasis were examined for evidence of Candida infection. Oral swabs and smears were obtained for cytology and culture. Identification, speciation and antifungal susceptibility tests of Candida isolates were performed using an automated microbial identification system. Fifty percent of erosive OLP cases, 28% of non-erosive cases and none of the controls showed evidence of Candida. Candida albicans was found predominantly in non-erosive OLP, while other Candida species were predominate in erosive OLP. Non-Candida albicans isolates (C. glabrata, C. krusei) were resistant to the commonly used antifungals, clotrimazole and fluconazole. Candida infection is common in cases of OLP. We recommend antifungal sensitivity testing prior to antifungal therapy for the erosive form of OLP. 相似文献
56.
Identification of a viral antigen recognized by H-2-restricted cytolytic T lymphocytes on a murine leukemia virus-induced tumor 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
F Plata J Kalil M T Zilber M Fellous D Lévy 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》1983,131(5):2551-2556
Monoclonal antibodies were produced against protein p30, a structural protein of murine leukemia viruses (MuLV) coded by the gag gene of MuLV. Three monoclonal antibodies of different isotypes (i.e., IgG-1, IgG-2a, and IgG-2b) were chosen for extensive analysis. These three antibodies bound to mouse tumor cells induced by Friend, Moloney, Rauscher, and Gross MuLV, but not to noninfected normal mouse spleen cells. The ability of these monoclonal antibodies to inhibit cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity by masking the antigens recognized by CTL on the target cell surface was studied in various CTL systems. It was found that the only CTL that were consistently inhibited in their lytic activity came from BALB.B (H-2b) mice immunized against syngeneic Gross MuLV-induced B.GV cells. These results thus showed that a subpopulation of BALB.B anti-Gross MuLV CTL recognized a Gross MuLV gag gene product expressed on the surface of B.GV cells. 相似文献
57.
Purified monomorphic monoclonal antibodies against Class I and Class II antigens in the inhibition of in vitro allogenic response were assayed. As expected, anti-Class II antibodies are highly inhibitory when used in concentrations greater than 5 micrograms/ml in MLRI and 50 micrograms/ml in MLRII. Surprisingly, anti-Class I monoclonal antibodies are as effective as anti-Class II in inhibiting primary MLR although they have no effect in MLRII. These results were confirmed by using F(ab')2 fragments. The inhibitory effect of anti-Class I has been shown to occur at the stimulator cell level. It is proposed that the allogenic stimulation is elicited after Class I and Class II recognition although only Class II differences are responsible for the proliferative response. 相似文献
58.
Biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) has been used frequently for both anterograde and retrograde pathway tracing in the central nervous system. Typically, BDA labels axons and cell somas in sufficient detail to identify their topographical location accurately. However, BDA labeling often has proved to be inadequate to resolve the fine structural details of axon arbors or the dendrites of neurons at a distance from the site of BDA injection. To overcome this limitation, we varied several experimental parameters associated with the BDA labeling of neurons in the adult rat brain in order to improve the sensitivity of the method. Specifically, we compared the effect on labeling sensitivity of: (a) using 3,000 or 10,000 MW BDA; (b) injecting different volumes of BDA; (c) co-injecting BDA with NMDA; and (d) employing various post-injection survival times. Following the extracellular injection of BDA into the visual cortex, labeled cells and axons were observed in both cortical and thalamic areas of all animals studied. However, the detailed morphology of axon arbors and distal dendrites was evident only under optimal conditions for BDA labeling that take into account the: molecular weight of the BDA used, concentration and volume of BDA injected, post-injection survival time, and toning of the resolved BDA with gold and silver. In these instances, anterogradely labeled axons and retrogradely labeled dendrites were resolved in fine detail, approximating that which can be achieved with intracellularly injected compounds such as biocytin or fluorescent dyes. 相似文献
59.
Raynner RD Barboza Wedson de MS Souto José da S Mourão 《Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine》2007,3(1):1-14
Background
Viewed through the micro focus of an interpretive lens, medical anthropology remains mystified because interpretivist explanations seriously downplay the given context in which individual health seeking-behaviours occur. This paper draws upon both the interpretivist and political economy perspectives to reflect on the ethno medical practices within the Korean-Australian community in Sydney.Methods
We draw on research data collected between 1995 and 1997 for an earlier study of the use of biomedical and traditional medicine by Korean-Australians in Sydney. A total of 120 interviews were conducted with a range of participants, including biomedical doctors, traditional health professionals, Korean community leaders and Korean migrants representing a range of socio-economic backgrounds and migration patterns.Results and Discussion
First, the paper highlights the extent to which the social location of migrants in a host society alters or restructures their initial cultural practices they bring with them. Second, taking hanbang medicine in the Korean-Australian community as an illustrative case, the paper explores the transformation of the dominant biomedicine in Australia as a result of the influx of ethnomedicine in the era of global capitalism and global movement.Conclusion
In seeking to explain the popularity and supply of alternative health care, it is important to go beyond the culture of each kind of health care itself and to take into consideration the changes occurring at societal, national and global levels as well as consequential individual response to the changes. New social conditions influence the choice of health care methods, including herbal/alternative medicine, health foods and what are often called New Age therapies. 相似文献60.