子宫颈糜烂病毒病因的探讨

491份宫颈拭子病毒分离结果表明:糜烂宫颈单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)分离阳性率(30.8％)是正常宫颈(2.6％)的11.8倍,用人干扰素治疗一个疗程后,病毒分离率下降至疗前的1/4.36例糜烂宫颈活体组织DNA分子杂交表明,乳头瘤病毒16型(HPV-16)阳性者占52.8和,HPV-18占17.9％,HPV-6B占28.1％,HPV-11占7.7％,251例宫颈糜烂患者经人(?)D型基因工程干扰素双盲对比治疗后,总有效率达93.8％,显效率达60％,分析临床疗效与HSV分离率的变化表明,临床有效病例中有35％(49/140)在治疗后病毒阴转,有57％在疗前疗后均未分离出HSV,有5％在疗前疗后保持阳性不变,有2.9％疗前阴性,疗后阳性,上述结果表明,HSV和HPV与慢性宫颈炎有一定关系。     

Characterization of newly isolated monoclonal antibodies against MHC of a Japanese wild mouse

We have already developed nine B10.MOL congenic strains carrying H-2 haplotypes derived from Japanese wild mice, Mus musculus molossinus, with the C57BL/10 genetic background. To obtain monoclonal antibodies against the H-2 antigen of the Japanese wild mouse, we carried out cell fusion using spleen cells from the animal immunized with one of the B10.MOL strains, B10.MOL-SGR (H-2 ^wm7). As a result, 19 hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies were produced. Analysis with the intro-H-2 recombinants derived from B10.MOL-SGR indicated that 8 of them reacted with the class I and II with the class II molecule. The class I antibodies were tested for their cross -reactivities on wild mice and on the panels of standard inbred and B10.MOL strains. Most of the antibodies reacted with both the Japanese wild mice and the other subspecies, including standard inbred, while two antibodies highly specific for the donor H-2K region reacted with only three wild-derived mice, two M. m. molossinus from Anj o and Shizuoka, Japan, and one M. m. domesticus from Pigeon, Canada. In addition, all of the other four antibodies reactive with the K antigen of B10.MOL-SGR also reacted with the same three wild mice. The wild mice belonging to different subspecies might share very similar H-2K antigenic determinants in spite of their genetic and geographical remoteness.     

Biological activity in vivo of insulin analogues modified in the N-terminal region of the B-chain

[AlaB5]Insulin as well as a hybrid analogue of insulin and "insulin-like growth factor" (IGF-I), in which the N-terminal amino-acid sequence H-Phe-Val-Asn-Gln- of the B-chain has been replaced by the tripeptide H-Gly-Pro-Glu-of IGF-I, have been prepared by the partial-synthetic route. Their biological activity in vivo has been compared with that of other analogues in rabbits, mice and rats as far as data are available. These rodents respond differently, rats being less sensitive to modifications than rabbits and mice. The results explain unexpected discrepancies discussed in previous papers.     

树鼩(Tupaia belangeri chinensis)精子发生的细胞学观察

对8只成体树鼩的睾丸进行了精子发生的细胞学和动力学观察。精原细胞可区分为A型和已分化定向的B型。生精上皮周期可分为12个连续阶段,不同阶段典型的细胞组合可被辨认。各阶段的相对持续时间以阶段Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ的比率最高,分别为11.43,18.88、15.44;阶段Ⅸ、Ⅹ最低,为3.78和3.87。A型精原细胞在各阶段的数量分布并不保持恒定,阶段Ⅵ—Ⅷ和阶段Ⅸ时,分别出现两次成倍增长。B型精原细胞和前细线期精母细胞与每100个足细胞之比的平均值,在阶段Ⅰ、Ⅴ、Ⅶ分别为28.89、76.98、196.91。精细胞经14步变态为成熟精子。精子形成过程中顶体发育的形态学变化及成熟精子的形态,与灵长类动物相比具有较多的类似之处;而同啮齿类动物相比,存在明显的形态差异。     

Molecular cloning of a human gene that regulates chromosome condensation and is essential for cell proliferation.

The tsBN2 cell line, a temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant of baby hamster kidney cell line BHK21/13, seems to possess a mutation in the gene that controls initiation of chromosome condensation. At the nonpermissive temperature (39.5 degrees C), the chromatin of tsBN2 cells is prematurely condensed, and the cells die. Using tsBN2 cells as a recipient of DNA-mediated gene transfer, we investigated a human gene that is responsible for regulation of chromosome condensation and cell proliferation. We found that the human gene complementing the tsBN2 mutation resides in the area of the 40- to 50-kilobase HindIII fragment, derived from HeLa cells. Based on this finding, we initiated cloning of a human gene complementing the tsBN2 mutation. From lambda and cosmid libraries carrying partial digests of DNA from the secondary transformants, the 41.8-kilobase HindIII fragment containing the human DNA was isolated. The cloned human DNA was conserved in ts+ transformants through primary and secondary transfections. Two cosmid clones convert the ts- phenotype of tsBN2 cells to ts+ with more than 100 times a higher efficiency, compared with cases of transfection with total human DNA. Thus, the cloned DNA fragments contain an active human gene that complements the tsBN2 mutation.     

Age-Related Changes in Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity of Rat Brain, Liver, and Heart

Abstract: Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity was measured in brains, livers, and hearts of 23–26-month-old and 3-month-old rats. A significant increase of ALDH activity was found in whole brain of old rats with both acetaldehyde (39%) and propionylaldehyde (15%) used as substrates. In different brain areas of old rats, with acetaldehyde used as substrate, a significant increase of ALDH activity was found in striatum (30–50%) and cerebral cortex (37%). However, no significant difference in ALDH activity was found in livers and hearts of young and old rats. Preliminary experiments showed a significant increase of aldehyde reductase activity (52%) with p -nitrobenzaldehyde used as substrate in whole brain of old rats compared with young rats. The present work indicates that an increase of ALDH activity in brain of old rats may be an adaptive phenomenon.     

Ligation of highly modified bacteriophage DNA

After digestion by TaqI or nicking by DNAase I, five highly modified bacteriophage DNAs were tested as substrates for T4 DNA ligase. The DNAs used were from phages T4, XP12, PBS1, SP82, and SP15, which contain as a major base either glucosylated 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, 5-methylcytosine, uracil, 5-hydroxymethyluracil, or phosphoglucuronated, glucosylated 5-(4′,5′-dihydroxypentyl)uracil, respectively. The relative ability of cohesive-ended TaqI fragments of these DNAs and of normal, λ DNA to be ligated was as follows: $\text{λ}\text{DNA}\text{=}\text{XP}\text{12}\text{DNA}\text{>}\text{SP}\text{82}\text{DNA}\text{?}\text{nonglucosylated}\text{T}\text{4}\text{DNA}\text{>}\text{T}\text{4}\text{DNA}\text{=}\text{PBS}\text{1}\text{DNA}\text{?}\text{SP}\text{15}\text{DNA}$. TaqI-T4 DNA fragments were also inefficiently ligated by Escherichia coli DNA ligase. However, annealing-independent ligation of DNAase I-nicked T4, PBS1, and λ DNAs was equally efficient. We conclude that the poor ligation of TaqI fragments of T4 and PBS1 DNAs was due to the hydroxymethylation (and glucosylation) of cytosine residues at T4's cohesive ends and the substitution of uracil residues for thymine residues adjacent to PBS1's cohesive ends destabilizing the annealing of the restriction fragments. Only SP15 DNA with its negatively charged, modified base was unable to serve as a substrate for T4 DNA ligase in an annealing-independent reaction; therefore, its modification directly interfered with enzyme binding or catalysis.     

Preparation of [B23-D-alanine]des-(B25-B30)-hexapeptide-insulin by a combination of enzymic and non-enzymic synthesis.

Des-(B25-B30)-hexapeptide-insulin with B23-glycine replaced by D-alanine was prepared by a combination of enzymic and non-enzymic syntheses. The purified product was homogeneous in polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and could be crystallized. The biological activity in vivo of crystalline [B23-D-Ala]des-(B25-B30)-hexapeptide-insulin was determined as 58% of that of standard pig insulin (27 i.u./mg).     

The effect of bisulfite modification on the template activity of DNA for DNA polymerase I

Cytosine residues of poly(C) and heat-denatured calf thymus DNA were transformed into 5,6-dihydrouracil-6-sulfonate (U(SO⁻₃)) residues by treatment with bisulfite. The poly(U(SO⁻₃)₂, C₃) and poly(U(SO⁻₃)₉, C₁) prepared did not form inter-base binding with either poly(A) or poly(I) as judged by the absence of hypochromicity in ultraviolet absorbance. U(SO⁻₃) residues in the DNA inactivated it to serve as template for E.coli DNA polymerase I, while the template activity was restored by conversion of the U(SO⁻₃) residues into U.