Triacontanol (TRIA) increased the contents of total chlorophyll (Chl), Chl a and Chl b by 25.1%, 26.1% and 22.4% respectively 4 h after treatment in rice seedlings. The minimal fluorescence (F0), the maximal fluorescence (Fm) and Fv/Fm were also higher in TRIA-treated plants. In actinic light, other Chl fluorescence parameters were measured at different photon flux densities (PFD) to construct light response curves of the quantum yield of PSII electron transport (PSII), light response curves of photochemical quenching (qp), and light response curves of non-photochemical quenching (qN), respectively. The PSII and qp declined with the increasing PFD with a higher level present in TRIA-treated plants. The qN increased with the increasing PFD with a lower level present in TRIA-treated plants. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis indicated a protein expression difference between TRIA-treated materials and the controls at the total-soluble-protein level. Rubisco was 30% higher in TRIA-treated plants than in controls. The quantity of other proteins was unchanged in response to TRIA. These data provide biochemical and photochemical evidence for the effects of TRIA on photosynthesis. 相似文献
Novel 2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-ones have been synthesized by condensation, reduction, O-alkylation and Smiles rearrangement using 3-bromo-4-hydroxy benzaldehyde, anilines, and chloroacetyl chloride as starting materials. All the synthesized compounds have been characterized by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, and HRMS, and tested for the inhibitory ability on platelet aggregation. The results have shown that the ADP (adenosine 5'-diphosphate)-induced platelet aggregation was inhibited by 7a-g with the IC(50) value at 10.14-18.83 μmol/L. Compound 7a exhibited the most potent inhibitory effect (IC(50)=10.14 μmol/L) among all the compounds, but less potent than the control drug ticlopidine (3.18 μmol/L) and aspirin (6.07 μmol/L). The preliminary structure-activity relationship (SAR) was initially investigated in the study. 相似文献
Spirulina platensis was cultivated in a bench-scale airlift photobioreactor using synthetic wastewater (total nitrogen 412 mg L(-1), total phosphorous 90 mg L(-1), pH 9-10) with varying ammonia/total nitrogen ratios (50-100% ammonia with balance nitrate) and hydraulic residence times (15-25 d). High average biomass density (3500-3800 mg L(-1)) and productivity (5.1 g m(-2) d(-1)) were achieved when ammonia was maintained at 50% of the total nitrogen. Both high ammonia concentrations and mutual self-shading, which resulted from the high biomass density in the airlift reactor, were found to partially inhibit the growth of S. platensis. The performance of the airlift bioreactor used in this study compared favorably with other published studies. The system has good potential for treatment of high strength wastewater combined with production of algae for biofuels or other products, such as human and animal food, food supplements or pharmaceuticals. 相似文献
Flaviviral NS2B is a required cofactor for NS3 serine protease activity and plays an important role in promoting functional NS2B-NS3 protease configuration and maintaining critical interactions with protease catalysis substrates. The residues D80DDG in West Nile virus (WNV) NS2B are important for protease activity. To investigate the effects of D80DDG in NS2B on protease activity and viral replication, the negatively charged region D80DD and the conserved residue G83 of NS2B were mutated (D80DD/E80EE, D80DD/K80KK, D80DD/A80AA, G83F, G83S, G83D, G83K, and G83A), and NS3 D75A was designated as the negative control. The effects of the mutations on NS2B-NS3 activity, viral translation, and viral RNA replication were analyzed using kinetic analysis of site-directed enzymes and a transient replicon assay. All substitutions resulted in significantly decreased enzyme activity and blocked RNA replication. The negative charge of D80DD is not important for maintaining NS2B function, but side chain changes in G83 have dramatic effects on protease activity and RNA replication. These results demonstrate that NS2B is important for viral replication and that D80DD and G83 substitutions prevent replication; they will be useful for understanding the relationship between NS2B and NS3. 相似文献
Necroptosis is a programmed necrosis that is mediated by receptor-interacting protein kinases RIPK1, RIPK3 and the mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein, MLKL. Necroptosis must be strictly regulated to maintain normal tissue homeostasis, and dysregulation of necroptosis leads to the development of various inflammatory, infectious, and degenerative diseases. Ubiquitylation is a widespread post-translational modification that is essential for balancing numerous physiological processes. Over the past decade, considerable progress has been made in the understanding of the role of ubiquitylation in regulating necroptosis. Here, we will discuss the regulatory functions of ubiquitylation in necroptosis signaling pathway. An enhanced understanding of the ubiquitylation enzymes and regulatory proteins in necroptotic signaling pathway will be exploited for the development of new therapeutic strategies for necroptosis-related diseases.