Siamanthus, a new genus of Zingiberaceae from Thailand

The monotypic genus Siamanthus gen. nov. (Zingiberaceae) and the species Siamanthus siliquosus sp. nov. are described and illustrated. The origin and relationships are discussed.     

轮钟花属的恢复及其花粉和种皮证据

光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察表明,金钱豹属(广义)花粉明显分为两个类型:Campanumoea inflata和C.javanica subsp.laponica的花粉5～8沟,外壁具相对密的短刺,刺高不过1μm,而C.lancifolia,C.celebica和C.parviflora的花粉3孔沟,外壁刺稀疏,高于2μm。种子表面纹饰也同样可分为 两类,前两个种一类,其种子表面网状,网眼规则而多角形,直径大于网脊宽度,网脊上的次级纹饰为念 珠状,而后三种为一类,其种子表面网眼不规则,直径与网脊宽度近相等,网脊上的次级纹饰绳索状。可 见花粉特征与种皮性状是高度相关的。后三个种所属的分类群就是被归并了的属Cyclocodon Griffith。 综合花粉、种皮及外部形态,这个属应予恢复。其近缘属应是Platycodon,而不是Campanumoea。     

Seasonal mycorrhizal colonization of winter wheat and its effect on wheat growth under dryland field conditions

 A field experiment was conducted to determine the seasonal patterns of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) in a dryland winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system and to determine wheat growth and P uptake responses to inoculation with mycorrhizal fungus. Broadcast-incorporated treatments included (1) no inoculation with mycorrhizal fungus, with and without P fertilizer, and (2) mycorrhizal fungal inoculation at a rate of 5000 spores of Glomus intraradices (Schenck and Smith), per 30 cm in each row, with and without fertilizer P. Winter wheat was seeded within a day after treatments were imposed, and roots were sampled at five growth stages to quantify AM. Shoot samples were also taken for determination of dry matter, grain yield and yield components, and N and P uptake. No AM infection was evident during the fall months following seeding, which was characterized by low soil temperature, while during the spring, the AM increased gradually. Increases in wheat grain yields by enhanced AM were of similar magnitude to the response obtained from P fertilization. However, responses differed at intermediate growth stages. At the tillering stage, P uptake was mainly increased by P fertilization but not by fungal inoculation. At harvest, enhanced AM increased P uptake regardless of whether or not fertilizer P was added. The AM symbiosis increased with rising soil temperatures in the spring, in time to enhance late-season P accumulation and grain production. Accepted: 15 July 1998     

Gain of function assays identify non- rol genes from Agrobacterium rhizogenes TL-DNA that alter plant morphogenesis or hormone sensitivity

This study tested the morphogenetic potential of 15 open reading frames of the TL-DNA of Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain HRI. These open reading frames were expressed individually under the control of the 35S RNA promoter in transgenic tobacco plants ( Nicotiana tabacum L.). Expression of three T-DNA loci, ORF3n, ORF8 and ORF13, alters plant morphogenesis or the response of transgenic tissues to plant hormones. ORF3n transgenic plants are characterized by retarded flowering, altered internode elongation, altered leaf shape and, in particular, leaf tip necrosis. ORF3n and ORF8 expression reduces the sensitivity to auxin and cytokinin in combination or auxin alone. Tetracycline-dependent expression of ORF13 overcomes a selection of low levels of expression during plant regeneration and reveals a strong inhibitory effect of the ORF13 gene product on cell division and cell elongation. We conclude that the A. rhizogenes TL-DNA harbors genetic information that is important for pathogenicity apart from the well studied rol genes. We propose that these genes play mainly a negative regulatory role during pathogenesis. Moreover, these loci might be relevant to successful infections in specific host plants.     

肾综合征出血热病毒基因检测及分型的研究

根据流行于我国的两型ＨＦＲＳＶ代表株汉滩型７６１１８株及汉城型Ｒ２２株Ｍ节段的核酸序列,设计两型共同引物,建立了逆转录－聚合酶链反应（ＲＴＰＣＲ）方法,检测３９株从不同地区、不同宿主分离的ＨＦＲＳＶ感染鼠脑及细胞培养物;同时还建立了捕捉ＥＬＩＳＡ法（ｃＥＬＩＳＡ）,检测了３９株中的３６株,每份样本设复孔,以Ｐ／Ｎ≥２．１０且Ｐ－Ｎ≥０．１０者判为阳性。ＲＴＰＣＲ及ｃＥＬＩＳＡ两法的检出率分别为９７．６％与８２．４％,二者符合率８４．６％。此外,对ＲＴＰＣＲ产物进行酶切分型,３８份扩增产物中的１５份可被ＡｌｕＩ切开。根据所获酶切图谱的差异,可分为汉滩型及汉城型两型,显示了酶切分型的潜在价值     

动脉内灌药,内支架安置双介入治疗十二指肠恶性梗阻

通过动脉内灌药,内支架安置双介入治疗提高对十二指肠恶性梗阻姑息性治疗的疗效。十二指肠恶性梗阻病例１４例,男５例,女９例,年龄２０－６９岁,经口安置自膨式十二指肠金属支架共１５枚,其中１２例在支架安置后定期行肿瘤供血动脉插管介入化疗,所有病例梗阻症状解除,２例未行动脉灌药治疗者分别于２个月及４个月死亡,１２例双介入者生存期明显延长,最短６月,最长已达一年,结论：双介入治疗能够姑息治疗疗效延长晚期瘤患     

黑曲霉3.795glaA基因及其5'调控区的克隆和序列分析

黑曲霉Ｔ２１是由黑曲霉３．７９５经诱变育种获得的糖化酶高产菌株,为阐明其高产的分子机制,由黑曲霉３．７９５克隆了糖化酶结构基因及其５′旁侧序列,并与黑曲霉Ｔ２１的相应序列进行了比较．由黑曲霉３．７９５菌丝体分离染色体ＤＮＡ,Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交分析表明,糖化酶结构基因位于～２．５ｋｂ的ＥｃｏＲⅠ－ＥｃｏＲⅤ染色体ＤＮＡ片段上,在此ＥｃｏＲⅠ位点上游约１．０ｋｂ处有一ＳａｌⅠ位点．为构建糖化酶结构基因及其５′旁侧序列的基因组文库,该染色体ＤＮＡ分别用ＥｃｏＲⅠ＋ＥｃｏＲⅤ和ＥｃｏＲ＋ＳａｌⅠ消化,琼脂糖凝胶电泳分离并回收长度在１．０ｋｂ左右和２．５ｋｂ左右的ＤＮＡ片段,分别与ｐＵＣ１９载体连接后转化入Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉＤＨ５．用原位杂交方法筛选到了携带糖化酶基因编码区及其１５０５ｂｐ５′旁侧序列的阳性克隆．对克隆片段的ＤＮＡ序列进行了测定并与黑曲霉Ｔ２１的相应序列进行了比较,结果表明,在糖化酶基因编码区及其１５０ｂｐ３′非编码区内,未发现碱基差异,但在－３４０～－１５０５的５′上游区内发生了９个位置的碱基变化,包括缺失、插入和替换．这些结果表明,黑曲霉Ｔ２１与３．７９５的糖化酶产量的差异与其结构基因无关,但可能与其     

维甲酸对鼻咽癌细胞生长、表型和瘤基因表达的作用

研究了维甲酸（ＲＡ）对鼻咽癌细胞生长、表型和癌基因表达的作用．用ＲＡ诱导鼻咽癌细胞,绘制诱导前后的细胞曲线,观察细胞形态,并用Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ杂交和ＤＮａｓｅⅠ超敏感区分析法检测基因表达和调控．结果表明,ＲＡ能显著抑制鼻咽癌细胞的生长,前５ｄ下降约５０％．ＲＡ处理后的细胞从典型的多边形形态变成扁平、细长,类似纤维细胞状的形态．ＲＡ诱导前ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因和ｃ－Ｈａ－ｒａｓ基因ＨＮＥ２细胞中高表达,而诱导后ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因表达水平急剧下降,ｃ－Ｈａ－ｒａｓ基因无明显改变．在实验中还发现ＲＡ诱导前后的ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因和ｃ－Ｈａ－ｒａｓ基因中一些重要的超敏感位点和它们的功能．由实验结果可得到如下结论：ＲＡ能促进鼻咽癌细胞分化,通过对染色体上调控位点的作用来抑制ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因的表达,ＤＮａｓｅⅠ超敏感位点与细胞的分化程度、细胞的组织特异性和基因表达状态有关,ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因可通过不同的调控方式而失活．     

微波介导的载体快速转化及克隆筛选方法

应用微波辐射进行载体快速转化及重组体鉴定。经选择辐射转化条件,表明在低渗钙离子(0.05mol/L或0.1mol/L)条件下,150W、45s的辐射可得到理想的转化率。采用微波碎菌抽提质粒方法对重组体进行快速鉴定,不需特殊设备,省时、可靠。用该方法对肾综合征出血热病原汉坦病毒76-118株S片段基因进行克隆、转化和重组体鉴定试验,证实其具有简易、快速、高效等优点。