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101.
白背飞虱对水稻抗虫品种N22的适应性研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
在室内连续用感虫品种TN1和抗虫品种N22单管饲养白背飞虱(Sogatella furcifera)种群,研究它对抗虫水稻品种的适应性及其体内保护酶的变化,结果表明,白背飞虱在感虫品种TN1和抗虫品种N22品种上饲养1至2代,其卵历期、若虫期和全世代历期均无明显差异,从感虫品种TN1转移到抗虫品种N22上饲养1代,白背飞虱的若虫存活率、雌成虫寿命、体重、蜜露量、产卵量和内禀增长率等均低于在抗虫品种上连续饲养2代,而后者又低于在感虫品种上饲养的指标,白背飞虱在抗虫品种上连续饲养2代后,体内保护酶中超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性逐渐接近于感虫品种上连续饲养的结果,说明白背飞虱从感虫品种转到抗虫品种在开始时并不适应,经过连续繁殖多代后白背飞虱逐渐适应,最后导致抗虫品种的抗性丧失。  相似文献   
102.
The effects of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) on the immune response in pigs immunized with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) vaccine were investigated. Fifteen pigs were randomly divided into five groups. Four groups were vaccinated with a FMDV inactivated vaccine. Pigs in three experimental groups were administered varying doses of APS (APS1, 5 mg/kg; APS2, 10 mg/kg; APS3, 20 mg/kg). The influence of APS on the number of CD3+CD4CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, CD3+CD4+CD8+ T helper memory cells, and CD3CD4CD8+ natural killer cells among peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) in the three APS groups were significant compared to the vaccine group. In vitro stimulation of PBL by Con A and LPS in APS groups induced a stronger proliferative response at 2 and 6 weeks post-inoculation (PI). APS markedly increased the titer of FMDV-specific antibody in a dose-dependent manner, and up-regulated mRNA expression of IFN-γ and IL-6. APS could potentially be used as an immunomodulator for a FMDV vaccine and provide better protection against FMDV.  相似文献   
103.
秋冬季叶施N、Fe提高假俭草草坪抗寒性研究   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
在过渡性气候地区的假俭草草坪,宜在最低气温为12℃时(11月中、下旬)叶施Fe,最佳施用浓度为:单施Fe为0.6L/m2,N+Fe为4g/m2 N+0.6L/m2Fe。秋冬季叶施Fe、N+Fe可提高草体内抗寒指标性物质的含量,叶施0.6L/m2 Fe或4g/m2 N+0.6L/m2 Fe,可使草坪草体内脯氨酸、可溶性糖类含量及过氧化氢酶的活性分别提高25%、310%、180%和41%、182%、160%。叶施N+Fe处理的效果比单独施Fe的效果更好,施后草坪枯黄期比对照组推迟6~8d,半致死温度降低3~4℃。  相似文献   
104.
Power densities produced by microbial fuel cells (MFCs) in natural systems are changed by exposure to light through the enrichment of photosynthetic microorganisms. When MFCs with brush anodes were exposed to light (4000 lx), power densities increased by 8–10% for glucose-fed reactors, and 34% for acetate-fed reactors. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles based on the 16S rRNA gene showed that exposure to high light levels changed the microbial communities on the anodes. Based on 16S rRNA gene clone libraries of light-exposed systems the anode communities using glucose were also significantly different than those fed acetate. Dominant bacteria that are known exoelectrogens were identified in the anode biofilm, including a purple nonsulfur (PNS) photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, and a dissimilatory iron-reducing bacterium, Geobacter sulfurreducens. Pure culture tests confirmed that PNS photosynthetic bacteria increased power production when exposed to high light intensities (4000 lx). These results demonstrate that power production and community composition are affected by light conditions as well as electron donors in single-chamber air-cathode MFCs.  相似文献   
105.
106.
Cell fate commitment of pre-implantation blastocysts, to either the inner cell mass or trophoblast, is the first step in cell lineage segregation of the developing human embryo. However, the intercellular signals that control fate determination of these cells remain obscure. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) provide a unique model for studying human early embryonic development. We have previously shown that Activin/Nodal signaling contributes to maintaining pluripotency of hESCs, which are derivatives of the inner cell mass. Here we further demonstrate that the inhibition of Activin/Nodal signaling results in the loss of hESC pluripotency and trophoblast differentiation, similar to BMP4-induced trophoblast differentiation from hESCs. We also show that the trophoblast induction effect of BMP4 correlates with and depends on the inhibition of Activin/Nodal signaling. However, the activation of BMP signaling is still required for trophoblast differentiation when Activin/Nodal signaling is inhibited. These data reveal that the early lineage segregation of hESCs is determined by the combinatorial signals of Activin/Nodal and BMP.  相似文献   
107.
The phytoremediation of triazophos (O, O-diethyl-O-(1-phenyl-1, 2, 4-triazole-3-base) sulfur phosphate, TAP) by Canna indica Linn. in a hydroponic system was studied. After 21 d of exposure, the removal kinetic constant (K) of TAP was 0.0229-0.0339 d(-1) and the removal percentage of TAP was 41-55% in the plant system and the K and removal percentage of TAP were about 0.002 d(-1) and 1%, respectively, in darkness and disinfected control. However, the K and removal percentage of TAP were 0.006 d(-1) and approximately 11%, respectively, in the treatment with eluate from the media of constructed wetland. The contribution of plant to the remediation of TAP was 74% and C. indica played the most important role in the hydroponic system. Under the stress of TAP and without inorganic phosphorus nutrient, the activity of phosphatase in the plant system increased and phytodegradation was observed. The production and release of phosphatase is seen as the key mechanism for C. indica to degrade TAP. C. indica, which showed the potential of phytoremediation of TAP, and is commonly used in constructed wetland, so the technique of phytoremediation of TAP from contaminated water can be developed with the combination of constructed wetland.  相似文献   
108.
109.
湖北单子叶植物新记录   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
于2011~2013年对湖北神农架国家级自然保护区进行了第四次全国中药资源普查,发现若干湖北植物新记录。该研究报道了湖北单子叶植物2个新记录属——顶冰花属(Gagea Salisbury)和筒距兰属(Tipularia Nuttall),8个新记录种分别为:少花顶冰花[Gagea pauciflora(Turczaninow ex Trautvetter)Ledebour]、凤凰蜘蛛抱蛋(Aspidistra fenghuangensis K.Y.Lang)、卷瓣重楼(Paris undulata H.LiV.G.Soukup)、筒距兰(Tipularia szechuanica Schlechter)、大黄花虾脊兰(Calanthe sieboldii Decaisne ex Regel)、小杜若[Pollia miranda(H.Léveillé)H.Hara]、长耳南星(Arisaema auriculatum Buchet)、大针薹草(Carex uda Maximowicz)。包含3种国家二级保护植物——卷瓣重楼、筒距兰、大黄花虾脊兰。IUCN将筒距兰列为易危级别,卷瓣重楼和大黄花虾脊兰被列为极危级别,其中大黄花虾脊兰还是我国极小种群野生植物资源。该文对这些物种分布新区域的报道,扩大了这些植物的分布范围,也丰富和加深了对湖北植物多样性的认识与了解。  相似文献   
110.
10个园林绿化树苗对SO2的反应特性   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
用开顶式熏气装置对10种2年生园林绿化树苗进行不同浓度的SO2胁迫,并对其叶片气体交换特征参数进行了测定,研究了参试树种对SO2的生理反应及其在绿化中的应用.结果表明:在SO2胁迫条件下,大多数树种的净光合速率(P n)、蒸腾速率(T r)和气孔导度(G s)均出现下降趋势,下降幅度因树种和SO2浓度不同而有较大差异.树种P n与G s、T r与G s之间存在显著线性正相关关系,但是随SO2浓度增加,P n与G s以及T r与G s线性相关的显著程度被削弱,表现出SO2胁迫下不同树种P n变化与G s变化、T r变化与G s变化的复杂性.根据P n下降幅度将树种分为3种类型:轻度敏感(3种)、中度敏感(4种)和高度敏感树种(3种).  相似文献   
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