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101.
Effects of Fusarium culmorum head blight on mycotoxin accumulation and yield traits in barley doubled haploids 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J. Chekowski H. Winiewska T. Adamski P. Goliski Z. Kaczmarek M. Kostecki J. Perkowski & M. Surma 《Journal of Phytopathology》2000,148(9-10):541-545
The susceptibility of barley doubled haploids (DH) to Fusarium head blight (FHB) was investigated. Heads of 24 DH lines (11 two-rowed and 13 six-rowed) derived from F1 Maresi (two-rowed) × Pomo (six-rowed) hybrids were inoculated with a conidial suspension of the single isolate IPO348-01 of Fusarium culmorum. The experiment was carried out in three consecutive years (1996–98) in one location. The number of kernels per ear, 1000-kernel weight and kernel weight per ear were recorded in inoculated and control plots. In the infected kernels nivalenol (NIV) content and deoxynivalenol (DON) content were determined. The effects of genotype, year and genotype-year interaction on reduction of yield traits were significant. For mycotoxin content only genotype and year effects were found to be important. The average NIV concentration in kernels of inoculated lines ranged from 0.15 mg/kg in the two-rowed line MP7 to 6.36 mg/kg in the six-rowed line MP113. A low accumulation of DON was observed in the studied population (from 0.01 to 0.20 mg/kg). Generally, no significant differences in mycotoxin content were found between two-rowed and six-rowed genotypes. The line MP7 was found to be superior — with the lowest mycotoxin accumulation, and reduction in yield traits. Environmental conditions (years) affected DON and NIV level in kernels; however, the tendency to a lower or higher accumulation of mycotoxin in individual lines was stable over the years. 相似文献
102.
103.
Extracellular proteinases of the isolate of Botrytis cinerea virulent to apple tissues 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
B. cinerea produces extracellular acid proteinases: aspartic proteinase and carboxypeptidase, separable on CM-Sepharose CL-6B. Aspartic proteinase showed the maximum activity at pH 2.5-3.0, was inactivated by diazoacetyl-DL-norleucine methyl ester and was unable to hydrolyse carbobenzoxy Glu-Tyr. Carboxypeptidase showed the maximum activity at pH 4.7-5.0, was inactivated by diisopropyl fluorophosphate, and carbobenzoxy-Glu-Tyr served as an efficient enzyme substrate. The isolated aspartic proteinase hydrolysed proteins in the preparations of apple cell walls. Excretion of aspartic proteinase by B. cinerea preceded that of carboxypeptidase. 相似文献
104.
Optimized perfusion‐based CUBIC protocol for the efficient whole‐body clearing and imaging of rat organs 下载免费PDF全文
Paweł Matryba Lukasz Bozycki Monika Pawłowska Leszek Kaczmarek Marzena Stefaniuk 《Journal of biophotonics》2018,11(5)
Whole‐organ and whole‐body optical tissue clearing methods allowing imaging in 3 dimensions are an area of profound research interest. Originally developed to study nervous tissue, they have been successfully applied to all murine organs, yet clearing and imaging of rat peripheral organs is less advanced. Here, a modification of CUBIC clearing protocol is presented. It provides a rapid and simple approach to clear the entire adult rat organism and thus all organs within as little as 4 days. Upgraded perfusion‐based rat CUBIC protocol preserves both anatomical structure of organs and signal from proteinaceous fluorophores, and furthermore is compatible with antibody staining. Finally, it enables also volumetric cells analyses and is tailored for staining of calcium deposits within unsectioned soft tissues. 相似文献
105.
106.
Wiesawa Rudnicka Magorzata Kaczmarek Jacek Szeliga Tieno Germann Marzena Wickowska Barbara Ralska 《Microbiology and immunology》1997,41(11):847-853
Several genes involved in the determination of Listeria monocytogenes pathogenesis have been identified. Among them, plcA gene encodes phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC), plcB gene encodes a broad-range phospholipase C (PC-PLC), and actA encodes a protein contributing to actin assembly in infected cells. The interaction of L. monocytogenes wild type (LO 28) strain and two derivative mutants, plcA? (BUG 206) and actA?/plcB? (LUT 12), with macrophages and T lymphocytes was investigated in a mouse model of listeriosis. Both mutants showed evidence of attenuation. The plcA? mutant, but not the plcB? mutant, expressed an increase in susceptibility to the anti-listerial activity of macrophages. Both mutants showed a decreased ability to induce IL-12 production by bone marrow macrophages when co-stimulated with E. coli LPS or IFN-γ. In vivo, L. monocytogenes plcA? mutant was found to be a more effective stimulator of T cells than the wild LO 28 strain. 相似文献
107.
108.
MM El-Shazly El Elzayat IIA El-Sebeay YA Edmardash MM Soliman 《African Journal of Aquatic Science》2016,41(3):289-296
Manzala Lake, as one of the main Egyptian wetland ecosystems, is facing risks of pollution. An in vitro cytotoxicity test using a mammalian cell line was employed to determine the toxicity of multiple pollutants in the water and Tilapia zillii fish sampled from the lake. The concentrations of seven polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and ten polychlorinated dibenzofurans were investigated in water and muscle of the fish in 2014. Cytotoxicity testing showed that the percentage inhibition of cell viability in the studied sites ranged between 56.16% and 83.22%. Dioxin analysis indicated that the average concentrations of 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzofuran, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzofuran and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octachlorodibenzofuran were higher than the toxic equivalence quotients (TEQs) set by the World Health Organization (WHO) in all water and fish muscle samples; however, the average concentration of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran was higher only in fish muscle samples. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) ranged dramatically between 2 and 58.5 for the detected dioxins. Adverse human health effects through the consumption of fish are not expected, because dioxin levels in fish muscle are deemed safe for human consumption. Implementation of a strategic multidisciplinary action plan is strongly recommended to sustain this delta wetland ecosystem. 相似文献
109.
Małgorzata Kasprowicz-Potocka Anita Zaworska Sebastian Andrzej Kaczmarek Andrzej Rutkowski 《Archives of animal nutrition》2016,70(3):209-223
The aim of this study was to determine the nutrient digestibility of seeds of four varieties of narrow-leafed lupines (Lupinus angustifolius) and the possibility of soya bean meal (SBM) substitution by lupine seeds alone and in combination with rapeseed meal (RSM) in the diets of pigs. The seeds of the lupine varieties Kalif, Sonet, Zeus and Boruta were analysed. The apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) was determined on 50 cross-bred pigs using the difference method with titanium dioxide as a marker. The substitution of SBM by lupine seeds alone (at 0 – 100%) was tested on 60 pigs (20–105 kg body weight (BW)) and by a combination of lupine seeds and RSM on 180 fattening pigs (35–80 kg BW). The chemical composition of lupine seeds differed considerably, especially in terms of crude protein and mineral content. All seeds contained less than 0.05% alkaloids and 9.3% oligosaccharides in dry matter. The ATTD of protein ranged from 70% to 74%, those of ether extract from 36% to 55% and those of gross energy from 77% to 84%. The entire replacement of SBM by lupine seeds (var. Sonet) did not have a negative effect on the performance of grower and fattener pigs. The substitution of SBM by a combination of lupines and RSM reduced the performance of growing and finishing pigs significantly. 相似文献
110.
Patrycja?Podlaszczuk Maciej?Kamiński Rados?aw?W?odarczyk Krzysztof?Kaczmarek Tomasz?Janiszewski Piotr?MiniasEmail author 《Frontiers in zoology》2016,13(1):47