非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征患者血浆S100A1水平与GRACE评分及短期预后相关性的研究

目的:探讨非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征(NST-ACS)患者血浆S100A1水平与全球急性冠状动脉事件注册(GRACE)评分之间的关系,以及S100A1水平对NST-ACS患者30天预后的判定价值。方法:共有162例NST-ACS患者符合入选标准,收集基本临床资料,进行GRACE评分,同时收集次日清晨空腹采集肘静脉血,检测血浆S100A1浓度,与患者的GRACE评分进行比较。根据S100A1的水平进行分组随访,KM生存分析不同组患者30天预后进行评价。结果:不同GRACE分组患者间S100A1水平具有显著性差异(P0.05);相关性分析显示,NST-ACS患者S100A1与GRACE评分呈显著正相关(r=0.49,P0.01);KM生存分析显示,S100A1水平3.41 ng/mL的患者30天内心血管事件发生率显著升高(P0.05)。结论:S100A1可作为预测NST-ACE患者病情的发生发展的生化指标;在NST-ACS患者中运用S100A1有助于对患者早期危险分层及评估预后有一定的临床价值。     

某部长远航舰员真菌等感染性皮肤病调查

人体皮肤上定植或附着着一些细菌、真菌等微生物,但在正常情况下,由于皮肤屏障的防护作用,大多数病原微生物对人体不能造成伤害。舰艇人员在长远航期间,受各种条件限制,当机体抵抗力降低或皮肤破损时,皮肤上的微生物就会侵入机体造成感染性皮肤病。为了有针对性做好长远航期间舰员的皮肤病防治工作。现将2018年某舰官兵执行远航任务7个月期间舰员感染性皮肤病情况及防治措施进行分析。     

埃索美拉唑为基础的四联疗法对消化性溃疡患者幽门螺杆菌根除率、炎性因子及生活质量的影响

目的:探讨埃索美拉唑为基础的四联疗法对消化性溃疡(PU)患者幽门螺杆菌(Hp)根除率、炎性因子及生活质量的影响。方法:选取2016年3月～2018年11月间我院接收的117例PU患者,根据数表法将患者随机分为对照组(n=58)和研究组(n=59),对照组给予以奥美拉唑为基础的四联疗法治疗,研究组给予以埃索美拉唑为基础的四联疗法治疗,比较两组患者临床疗效、Hp根除率、炎性因子、生活质量及不良反应。结果:研究组治疗后总有效率为74.58%(44/59),高于对照组患者的53.45%(31/58)(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后白介素-6(IL-6)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)较治疗前降低,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。研究组的HP根除率高于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后临床症状、心理情感、社交及任务完成评分均较治疗前升高,且研究组高于对照组(P0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:埃索美拉唑为基础的四联疗法治疗PU,可有效改善炎性因子水平、Hp根除率和生活质量,疗效确切,安全性好,临床应用价值较高。     

微波法和超声波法提取绿穗苋多糖响应面优化研究

绿穗苋是一种药食兼用作物,其中多糖成份具有很高的药食价值。本研究以绿穗苋地上部分为材料,以微波和超声波两种方法对绿穗苋多糖进行提取,并通过响应面分析法对提取进行优化,确定最佳工艺,通过水提醇沉的方法得到绿穗苋粗多糖。综合比较两种提取工艺,提取效果最佳工艺为微波提取法。其条件为:提取时间41.42 min,提取功率211.65 W,料液比1:33.338 (g/mL),实际得率为13.25%。该研究结果促进绿穗苋资源的有效利用,为绿穗苋多糖的提取工艺及产品的开发利用提供理论依据。     

Long non‐coding RNA cardiac hypertrophy‐associated regulator governs cardiac hypertrophy via regulating miR‐20b and the downstream PTEN/AKT pathway

Pathological cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is a key factor leading to heart failure and ultimately sudden death. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as a new player in gene regulation relevant to a wide spectrum of human disease including cardiac disorders. Here, we characterize the role of a specific lncRNA named cardiac hypertrophy‐associated regulator (CHAR) in CH and delineate the underlying signalling pathway. CHAR was found markedly down‐regulated in both in vivo mouse model of cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload and in vitro cellular model of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by angiotensin II (AngII) insult. CHAR down‐regulation alone was sufficient to induce hypertrophic phenotypes in healthy mice and neonatal rat ventricular cells (NRVCs). Overexpression of CHAR reduced the hypertrophic responses. CHAR was found to act as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to down‐regulate miR‐20b that we established as a pro‐hypertrophic miRNA. We experimentally established phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), an anti‐hypertrophic signalling molecule, as a target gene for miR‐20b. We found that miR‐20b induced CH by directly repressing PTEN expression and indirectly increasing AKT activity. Moreover, CHAR overexpression mitigated the repression of PTEN and activation of AKT by miR‐20b, and as such, it abrogated the deleterious effects of miR‐20b on CH. Collectively, this study characterized a new lncRNA CHAR and unravelled a new pro‐hypertrophic signalling pathway: lncRNA‐CHAR/miR‐20b/PTEN/AKT. The findings therefore should improve our understanding of the cellular functionality and pathophysiological role of lncRNAs in the heart.     

Evaluation of non‐invasive prenatal testing to detect chromosomal aberrations in a Chinese cohort

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical feasibility of non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) to detect foetal copy number variations (CNVs). Next‐generation sequencing for detecting foetal copy number variations (CNVs) was performed on the collected samples from 161 pregnancies with ultrasound anomalies and negative NIPT results for aneuploidy. The performance of NIPT for detecting chromosome aberrations was calculated. The sensitivity and specificity of NIPT for detecting CNVs > 1 Mb were 83.33% and 99.34%; the PPV and negative predictive rate (NPV) were 90.91% and 98.68%. Non‐invasive prenatal testing can be performed to detect chromosomal aberrations in first trimester with high performance for CNVs, and occasional discordant cases are unavoidable.     

Ginsenoside Rb1 ameliorates CKD‐associated vascular calcification by inhibiting the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway

Vascular calcification (VC) is a pathological process underpinning major cardiovascular conditions and has attracted public attention due to its high morbidity and mortality. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common disease related to VC. Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) has been reported to protect the cardiovascular system against vascular diseases, yet its role in VC and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we established a CKD‐associated VC rat model and a β‐glycerophosphate (β‐GP)‐induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification model to investigate the effects of Rb1 on VC. Our results demonstrated that Rb1 ameliorated calcium deposition and VSMC osteogenic transdifferentiation both in vivo and in vitro. Rb1 treatment inhibited the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway by activating peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ (PPAR‐γ), and confocal microscopy was used to show that Rb1 inhibited β‐catenin nuclear translocation in VSMCs. Furthermore, SKL2001, an agonist of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway, compromised the vascular protective effect of Rb1. GW9662, a PPAR‐γ antagonist, reversed Rb1's inhibitory effect on β‐catenin. These results indicate that Rb1 exerted anticalcific properties through PPAR‐γ/Wnt/β‐catenin axis, which provides new insights into the potential theraputics of VC.     

LncRNA‐SULT1C2A regulates Foxo4 in congenital scoliosis by targeting rno‐miR‐466c‐5p through PI3K‐ATK signalling

Congenital scoliosis (CS) is the result of anomalous vertebrae development, but the pathogenesis of CS remains unclear. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in embryo development, but their role in CS remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the role and mechanisms of a specific lncRNA, SULT1C2A, in somitogenesis in a rat model of vitamin A deficiency (VAD)‐induced CS. Bioinformatics analysis and quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) indicated that SULT1C2A expression was down‐regulated in VAD group, accompanied by increased expression of rno‐miR‐466c‐5p but decreased expression of Foxo4 and somitogenesis‐related genes such as Pax1, Nkx3‐2 and Sox9 on gestational day (GD) 9. Luciferase reporter and small interfering RNA (siRNA) assays showed that SULT1C2A functioned as a competing endogenous RNA to inhibit rno‐miR‐466c‐5p expression by direct binding, and rno‐miR‐466c‐5p inhibited Foxo4 expression by binding to its 3′ untranslated region (UTR). The spatiotemporal expression of SULT1C2A, rno‐miR‐466c‐5p and Foxo4 axis was dynamically altered on GDs 3, 8, 11, 15 and 21 as detected by qRT‐PCR and northern blot analyses, with parallel changes in Protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation and PI3K expression. Taken together, our findings indicate that SULT1C2A enhanced Foxo4 expression by negatively modulating rno‐miR‐466c‐5p expression via the PI3K‐ATK signalling pathway in the rat model of VAD‐CS. Thus, SULT1C2A may be a potential target for treating CS.     

Enantiomeric Polyketides from the Starfish‐Derived Symbiotic Fungus Penicillium sp. GGF16‐1‐2

One new racemic mixture, penicilliode A ( 1 ) and four pairs of enantiomeric polyketides, penicilliode B and C ( 2 and 3 ) and coniochaetone B and C ( 4 and 5 ), were obtained from the starfish‐derived symbiotic fungus Penicillium sp. GGF16‐1‐2. Interestingly, the strain GGF16‐1‐2 can produce enantiomers. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and the absolute configurations of 2 – 4 were determined by the optical rotation (OR) values and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 1 – 5 were firstly isolated from the marine‐derived fungus Penicillium as racemates, and 2 – 5 were separated by HPLC with a chiral stationary phase. All the compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial, cytotoxic and inhibitory activities against PDE4D2.     

Biphenyl Derivatives from the Aerial Parts of Oenanthe javanica and Their COX‐2 Inhibitory Activities

Four new biphenyl derivatives ( 1 – 4 ), along with six known biphenyl derivatives ( 5 – 10 ) were isolated and elucidated by their detailed analyses of spectroscopic data and references from the aerial parts of Oenanthe javanica for the first time. Compounds ( 1 – 10 ) were assayed for their activities about the inhibition of COX‐2 enzyme in vitro for the first time. Compounds 1 , 2 , 4 , and 6 showed inhibitory activities against COX‐2 with IC₅₀ values ranging from 22.18±0.29 to 108.54±0.42 μm .